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61.
This paper examines bilateral cooperation between developed countries (home country) and developing countries (host country) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to enhance carbon dioxide sinks. With the home-host country pair as the unit of analysis, our logistic regression model examines 158 Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) investment projects from 1993 until 2002 across 2541 country-pairs. Because the marginal costs of reducing emissions may be lower in developing countries, the AIJ projects served as a policy laboratory to assess whether such investments might be advantageous to both countries in the event future regimes allowed emission credits from such bilateral projects. Instead of investing in home countries where maximum pollution reductions (or carbon sequestration) might be possible, home countries invest in locations where they can conduct their policy experiments at low transaction costs. Prior trade and aid relationships were used as a proxy. Regarding energy projects, location decisions are driven by home countries’ desire to reduce air pollution that they receive from abroad. Geography – proximity of a host country to a home country – in interaction with host country's coal production, is a very important driver of location decision in AIJ energy sector projects. Location of sequestration projects is impacted by the host country's potential for avoiding deforestation as well as by previous aid and trade patterns between a home and a host country. Proximity is not important in this case. 相似文献
62.
朱建建 《陕西行政学院学报》2006,20(1)
《中华人民共和国公务员法》中公务员的考核制度存在诸多问题:比如考核标准过于笼统;没有解决考核内容,缺乏针对性;激励不显著;考核打乱了组织中的权责配置关系等。只有加强平时考核的力度,建立以绩效为核心的定期考核指标体系,加强考核工作的监督,公务员考核制度才可能得到进一步完善。 相似文献
63.
寻租、灰色收入、过度在职消费、内部人控制等现象在我国广泛存在。因此,国企经营者监督约束机制的建立是防止这些现象进一步泛滥,防止国有资产进一步流失的有效措施。把对国企经营者的业绩评价与监督约束联系起来,从目标责任约束、阶段业绩评价约束、财务监督、审计监督约束、公司治理结构约束等几方面完善国企经营者监督约束机制。 相似文献
64.
罗冰眉 《西南政法大学学报》2003,5(3):91-96
互联网的发展,网络已开始深入渗透到人们的生活中,网络犯罪也应运而生。在互联网上不仅可以实施以计算机系统为犯罪对象的新型犯罪,还大大便利了传统犯罪的实施,并赋于传统犯罪新的特征。计算机犯罪尤其是网络犯罪与传统犯罪的巨大差异,对于传统道德观、法律观产生了冲击,对现行刑事司法协助也产生了冲击。 相似文献
65.
Reviews the need for and development of expanded school mental health (ESMH) programs, which provide a continuum of mental health promotion and intervention through school–community partnerships. Since ESMH is a relatively new, but increasingly prominent field, countless issues are being addressed in practice and research and in efforts to bridge practice and research. We review particular content and context dimensions of ESMH in need of development including quality assessment and improvement, empirically supported practice, improving assessment and outcome evaluation, involving educators in the work, understanding school environments, and tailoring programs through qualitative research. Summaries of articles that amplify these themes are provided. 相似文献
66.
Levenson JS 《Law and human behavior》2004,28(4):357-368
The present study investigated the reliability of Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) civil commitment criteria under Florida's Jimmy Ryce Act. The purpose of the study was to determine if, independently, 2 evaluators would reach the same conclusions about the same client (n = 295). According to civil commitment criteria outlined by the United States Supreme Court (Kansas v. Hendricks, 1997), SVPs must display a mental abnormality predisposing them to sexual violence and a likelihood of future sexual violence. The interrater reliability of 8 DSM-IV diagnoses applied by evaluators to determine whether a client has a "mental abnormality that predisposes him to sexual violence" was found to be poor to fair (kappa = .23 to . 70). The interrater reliability of risk assessment instruments used to determine "likelihood of reoffense" was good (ICC = .77 to .85). The recommendations made by evaluators regarding whether or not to refer a client for civil commitment demonstrated poor reliability (kappa = .54). Implications for practice and policy are explored. 相似文献
67.
Richard?RogersEmail author Mandy?J.?Jordan Kimberly?S.?Harrison 《Law and human behavior》2004,28(6):707-718
The development of standardized assessments for competency-to-confess evaluations has remained largely neglected for the last several decades. Groundbreaking research was conducted on Miranda waivers during the late 1970s, but researchers have failed to sustain programmatic research. This critical review focuses on four published Miranda measures (Comprehension of Miranda Rights, Comprehension of Miranda Rights-Recognition, Comprehension of Miranda Vocabulary, and Function of Rights in Interrogation). When evaluated by contemporary standards, the validation of these measures is very limited. Major improvements are needed for interrater reliability, test–retest reliability, content validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity. 相似文献
68.
Some previous research indicates that confidence affects the accuracy of probabilistic clinical ratings of risk for violence among civil psychiatric inpatients. The current study investigated the impact of confidence on actuarial and structured professional risk assessments, in a forensic psychiatric population, using community violence as the outcome criteria. Raters completed the HCR-20 violence risk assessment scheme for a sample of 100 forensic psychiatric patients. Results showed that accuracy of both actuarial judgments (HCR-20 total scores) and structured professional judgments (of low, moderate, and high risk) were substantially more accurate when raters were more confident about their judgments. Findings suggest that confidence of ratings should be studied as a potentially important mediator of structured professional and actuarial risk judgments. 相似文献
69.
对美国警方管理工作业绩考核新方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
"受教育程度"与"工作满意程度"两项内容是美国警方招募、录用新警察及考核他们工作业绩的新标准和新方法。这种方法一改传统的警察招募标准和业绩考核方式,招募更多的具有大学本科和更高学历者加入警察队伍。在警察管理上,采用传统的规章制度型管理方式的同时,运用心理学理论,从提高警察的心理素质入手,促使他们更加热爱警察工作,调动他们的积极性和工作热情,进一步提高工作效率。 相似文献
70.
中国加入WTO,一方面会给非公有制企业带来很大的冲击,同时也会给非公有制企业拓展更广阔的发展空间.面对"入世"的冲击及发展机遇,非公有制企业应高度重视,早做准备,早拿对策,以"入世"为契机,变压力为动力,促进非公有制企业的更快发展. 相似文献