能动司法的实现条件——一个中美比较的视角

近年来,司法能动作为一种与司法克制相对的司法意识形态,引起国内法学界和实务界的关注,很多学者和法官倡导在司法实践中应该充分发挥法官的自由裁量权,实行＂能动的司法＂。但是,能动司法的实现需要多方面条件和因素来支持,否则实行能动司法于法治是不利的。通过比较中美两国在法律文化、法律制度等方面的差异,分析美国能动司法的实现条件,发现中国的不足,有利于推动中国实行有限的＂能动司法＂,构建和谐的法治社会。     

不起诉决定权限制的制度逻辑与改良

我国检察机关行使的不起诉决定权受到检察系统的内部限制和外部监督机构的限制,该限制符合检察机关司法角色、规范设置、制度管理方面的逻辑要求。在我国刑事司法已经呈现出向＂精密司法＂方面发展的趋势时,为了保护人权,分流刑事案件,应当扩张不起诉决定权的行使。为了保障不起诉决定权的正当行使,应当在不起诉决定程序的制度化、公开化、公平化方面进行改良。     

论公安执法中的公正原则

公安行政执法是公安机关及人民警察为了实现公安行政管理的目的，依照法律、法规、规章规定的职责、权限、程序实施的影响行政相对人权利与义务的活动。因此，只有坚持执法公正原则，才能真正维护最广大人民的根本利益，从而实现社会的和谐、稳定。     

假然契约与纯粹程序正义:走进罗尔斯的正义世界

罗尔斯在建构他的作为公平的正义世界的时候采取了两大策略:一是契约论,他认为他的假然契约论可以在避免古典契约论弊端的同时更好地用于解决正义问题,而且它所达到的效果是功利主义无法比拟的;二是程序正义,罗尔斯认为通过这种纯粹的程序正义就可以实现对他的正义两原则的选择,进而完成作为公平正义世界的建构.     

制度伦理：和谐社会构建的道德基础

在当前,我国的社会结构无论是宏观层面还是微观层面,积累了大量的不稳定、不和谐的因素。因此,构建和谐社会是我国社会发展的需要。和谐社会构建的道德基础是制度伦理,制度伦理与和谐社会所追求的终极价值是一致的,它们之间是一种互构互益的关系。     

论转轨经济中的收入分配不公与收入差距

中国目前正处于向社会主义市场经济转轨的关键时刻。中国改革的成绩是有目共睹的,但在改革的过程中由于收入分配不公造成的收入差距拉大却日益严重,成为全面建设小康社会,实现社会和谐发展的最大障碍。因而,确立与社会主义市场经济相适应的公平、公正制度,治理收入分配不公所造成的收入差距,在当前中国十分迫切。     

完善审判长选任制实践运作的理性思考

人民法院改革势在必行,而审判方式改革则是法院改革的一个重要课题。《人民法院五年改革纲要》规定要在全国法院系统内推行审判长选任制度,改变目前审判工作的行政管理模式,以适应审判工作的特点和规律,充分发挥人民法院的职能作用。本文通过简要阐述审判长选任制的基本内容,分析确定审判长选任制的价值定位,剖析实践中审判长选任制改革存在的问题,肯定了在我国实行审判长选任制的价值。     

An alternative reading of religion and authoritarianism: the new logic between religion and state in the AKP’s New Turkey

ABSTRACT

Since roughly 2011, the Turkish state and the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) have been going through a process of mutual transformation. Some of the historical apprehensions, biases and frustrations exhibited by Turkey as a middle power have been absorbed by the relatively reformist AKP. Conversely, the AKP and its undisputed leader Erdo?an have seen their socio-political fears, power based conflicts and ethno-religious desires become dominant in all areas, including religion. As a consequence of this bilateral transformation, Turkey has become both an inclusionary and a hegemonic-authoritarian state, and at the same time a weak one. Within this new identity and structure of the state, Sunni Islam has become one of the regime’s key focal points, with a new logic. This article seeks to explain the transformation of the relations between the AKP’s Turkish state, religion and religious groups, by scrutinising Karrie Koesel’s logic of state-religion interaction in authoritarian regimes.     

The intersectionality of gender,sexuality, and religion: novelties and continuities in Turkey during the AKP era

ABSTRACT

This article argues that in the AKP era, gender and sexuality play a central role in reshaping the secular-religious divide to instil ‘yeni milli’ (new national) – or as AKP members call it, ‘yerli ve milli’ (homegrown and national)- values. Adopting a feminist and reflexive approach, this article seeks to demonstrate that Erdo?an and the AKP have used gender and sexuality-related issue areas not as diversions to highjack the public agenda, as it is often assumed, but as a medium to regulate the neoliberal redistribution of conservative values. After a brief presentation of the historical background of the gendered evolution of the secular-religious divide in Turkish politics, this article focuses on the following three particular cases: the policies and discourse on LGBTI rights; the link that was established between the reproductive rights of women and ethnic identity; and how the AKP created new types of ‘other men’ and ‘other women.’ The article also seeks to show that in each case the meanings attributed to the secular and the religious in the secular-religious divide have shifted accordingly and that shift was reflective of, and was used to instil the particular set of values supportive of particular political positions.     

论刑事侦查的正义价值

刑事侦查的正义价值分为实质正义和程序正义两种.以往我们在刑事侦查中过分追求实质正义而忽略了程序正义.适用于所有现代文明社会的最低限度的刑事侦查的程序正义要求是程序的参与性、侦查者的中立性、人道、个人隐私、同意、程序法治、程序的及时终结性.