Oversight Effectiveness and Political Will: Some Lessons from West Africa

The purpose of the present note is to advance two theoretical claims. The first claim proposed is that the impact of the availability of oversight tools and of the most broadly understood legislative capacity (availability of material, technical, financial resources; availability of well-trained staff) on the effectiveness with which legislative oversight is performed is conditional. The second claim put forward, after reviewing a rich body of work on executive–legislative relations and legislative oversight in West Africa, is that, of the various conditions that promote or prevent the effective use of oversight tools and capacity, political will is the single most important. These claims have both theoretical and practical relevance, for if political will is as important as is claimed for the effective performance of the oversight function, then international organisations may have to reconsider their approach to legislative strengthening.     

和谐社会、公共治理与政府执行力

政府执行力的构成要素包括执行主体、执行工具、执行资源、执行制度、执行环境、执行过程等,这些要素在治理的意义上具有新的内涵、结构与功能,因而能够形成更强的执行力。     

关于我国现行法律监督体制改革的探讨

我国现行的法律监督体制虽然体系完整,但实效不大,已不能完全适应社会主义市场经济发展的需要。因此,必须改变加强法制监督的思路,要在坚持共产党领导的前提之下,合理地配置国家权力,充分发挥各权力部门权相互监督、相互制约的和,以减层层设立监督机构耗费的社会成本,提高法律监督的实效,抑制权力腐败的滋生与蔓延。     

Assessing the relevance of self-reported ADHD symptoms and cognitive functioning for psychopathy using the PCL-R and the TriPM

Psychopathy and ADHD are highly comorbid disorders, possibly linked to the underlying trait of impulsivity. It is therefore likely that ADHD symptoms are also of importance when studying cognitive functioning linked to psychopathy. Few studies of psychopathy and cognitive functioning have taken ADHD symptoms into account. In this cross-sectional study, male offenders (n = 201 of whom 105 were neuropsychologically tested) were recruited from all high security correctional facilities in Sweden. The aim of the study was to investigate if self-reported ADHD symptoms and cognitive functioning could predict specific subcomponents of psychopathy in offenders. Results showed that self-rated ADHD symptoms (ASRS) and psychopathy were highly correlated. Furthermore, the associations of ASRS and PCL-R Facet 3, as well as TriPM Disinhibition, were remarkably high. As expected, ASRS was not related to either Facet 1 or 2 of the PCL-R, or to TriPM Boldness. Cognitive functioning did not contribute in predicting psychopathy beyond the effect of ASRS. The high overlap in reported symptoms highlights the importance of thorough clinical assessments to be able to distinguish psychopathic personality traits from ADHD and lessen the risk of misdiagnosis. Further, it points to the need of finding discriminative measures possibly linked to etiological underpinnings.     

论我国警察征用

2004年宪法修正案的征收、征用补偿条款,规定了对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用要给予补偿,这将对保护公民的财产权产生重要影响。虽然现行法律中没有明确的警察征收、征用制度,但我国警察征用一直是个客观存在的社会实践,因此,在完善宪法对私有财产权保护的法律体系时,研究警察行政法中的警察征用法律制度有着独立的重要意义。     

论依法行政的制约因素及其对策

在我国 ,全面推进依法行政 ,建设法治政府 ,无论是观念上还是制度上都面临着挑战。因此 ,依法行政是一场深刻的观念更新和制度变革 ,必须加强社会主义宪政建设     

论通过首长负责制实现环境善治

我国在"十一五"规划中将节能减排作为约束性的指标,取得了良好的环境治理效果.这一做法的成功之处是实行了节能减排责任制,实行行政问责制.这些做法体现了责任政府的要求,抓住了环境治理问题的核心,发挥了行政首长负责制的优势,提高了各级政府的行政执行力.在今后的环境治理中,我们需要对这一制度加以完善,如扩展环境指标的范围、完善环境问责的对象和追究程序等.     

第三期中国妇女社会地位调查主要数据报告

以2010年12月1日为标准时点,全国妇联和国家统计局联合组织实施第三期中国妇女社会地位调查。本报告在全国数据初步分析的基础上,从10个方面描述了当前中国妇女社会地位的总体状况和5个典型群体的主要情况,提炼归纳了八大进步和6个值得关注的问题与挑战,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

我国税法行政解释的现状与发展

我国税法解释主要是行政解释和有权解释.我国税法行政解释具有以下特点:行政解释性文件成为税法执法的主要规范依据;税法解释与法律漏洞填补共存,法律解释权与立法权密切的结合;解释形式繁杂,规范化程度不一;财政部和国税总局分享解释权;地方性税收规范泛滥;缺乏有力监督.根据税收法治的要求,应当对税法行政解释权做出规范,税法行政解...     

浅谈《物权法》对行政权行使的影响——以交通管理为视角

<物权法>是确认、利用和保护公民财产权的基本法律,同时对行政机关的行政权具有积极的规制作用,它的颁布和实施是我国法治发展成熟的体现,具有里程碑式的意义.虽然其实施已快三年了,然而交通管理部门在现实执法过程中却没有足够地重视这部法律,往往出于执法的便利对公民合法的财产利益于不顾.因此,交通管理过程中应当贯彻物权法精神,避免侵犯合法物权现象的发生.