The Africans

A virtual consensus exists that Catholics fare worse than Protestants in the N. Ireland labour market. The political implications of this imbalance have been extensive since the present bloody conflict has its origins in a civil rights campaign that demanded an end to Catholic economic and social disadvantage. A range of contrasting studies has attempted to explain the cause of unequal performance between Catholies and and Protestants in employment. This paper surveys the robustness of these investigations which are categorized under: (1) political explanations; (2) quasi-human capital studies; and (3) econometric and statistical assessments. It is suggested that each category has some merits, but none on its own is convincing. The paper concludes that we should adopt an eclectic apparoach to explaining the better employment position of protestants.     

欧盟公司确定资本制度改革之必要与路径——维持原状、废旧立新还是新旧整合

欧盟作为跨法系实体，欲统一其公司法律制度，关于公司确定资本制度改革刻不容缓。公司确定资本制度既会极度阻碍效益增长，又难切实保障市场安全。纵观债权人利益事前保护、事中保护、事后保护三大环节，公司确定资本制度划定最低资本额所带来的事前保护作用非但不可或缺而且不能取代，将之与到期债务能力测试或资产负债比例原则的事中保护和破产制度的事后保护相结合，债权人法律保护的体系化效用就将彰显无疑。     

Gender Equality and State Aggression: The Impact of Domestic Gender Equality on State First Use of Force

I examine the role of domestic gender equality in predicting whether or not a state is more aggressive in international disputes. This research adds to a growing body of feminist research in international relations, which demonstrates that states with higher levels of gender equality exhibit lower levels of violence during international disputes and during international crises. Many scholars have argued that a domestic environment of inequality and violence results in a greater likelihood of state use of violence internationally. This argument is most fully developed within feminist literature; however, research in the field of ethno-nationalism has also highlighted the negative impact of domestic discrimination and violence on state behavior at the international level. Using the MID data set and new data on first use of force, I test, using logistic regression, whether states with higher levels of gender equality are less likely to be aggressive when involved in international disputes, controlling for other possible causes of state use of force. Beyond this project's contribution to the conflict literature, this research expands feminist theory by further incorporating it into traditional international relations theory to deepen our understanding of the impact of domestic gender equality on state behavior internationally.     

中小企业私募债券监管法律制度研究

中小企业私募债券业务是解决中小企业融资难的一条新路径。中小企业私募债券市场存在着监管制度位阶过低、市场准入标准过高、投资者利益保护力度不足及应对市场风险措施不健全等方面的问题。应从市场准入、市场运行和市场退出三个层面,分别构建中小企业私募法律监管制度。     

和谐视阈中资本文明和生态文明互补性的思考

资本的攫取性与扩张性为自己赢得了资本文明的辉煌时代,但同时给支撑文明发展的自然生态予以重创,使资本文明的发展举步维艰。现代文明的发展依赖着两大因素——资本和生态。资本为文明的发展提供了强大的动力,生态则是文明发展的基本支撑。为此,必须克服或限制各自不利于文明进步的特性,使资本的文明与生态的文明协调发展。     

论秦岭经济圈的跨越式发展

要建设和发展好秦岭经济圈,就必须坚持依靠人力资本驱动,跨越中等收入陷阱;坚持统筹城乡发展,跨越城市化陷阱;坚持环境保护先行,跨越生态陷阱,真正走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的现代文明发展之路。文章所倡导的秦岭经济圈开发和发展原则策略,对有效促进西部大开发乃至全国的经济社会发展具有重要战略意义和科学指导价值。     

吉林中朝边境地区境外边民“三非”问题研究

随着我国改革开放的不断发展,边境地区边民往来逐渐频繁,境外边民＂三非＂这种颇具区域性色彩的违法行为也随之出现日益严重的势头。研究和打击＂三非＂违法行为具有其独特的必要性和紧迫性。我国吉林省中朝边境地区＂三非＂问题比较典型,深入研究该地区境外边民＂三非＂问题的概念、现状、打击难度和打击防范对策等相关问题,有利于对防控和治理境外边民＂三非＂问题实践工作提供有益的理论指导。     

从FEC面临的问题看美国选举制度的内在矛盾

FEC系美国依法专司联邦选举有关事务的机构.它自身所遇到和披露的美国选举政治中的种种矛盾和棘手问题表明,作为美国所谓民主政治重要构成内容的选举制度,严重地为选举规则、金钱政治、党派斗争、利用集团操控、竞选资金滥用等所困扰.了解和分析这些矛盾与问题,有助于我们从一个特定的角度,较为深入具体地认识美国资本主义政治的本质和特点.     

A Modest Proposal? Basic Capital vs. Higher Education Subsidies

All young adults have a morally significant interest in having adequate opportunity for ambition formation. At present governments typically spend large amounts in support of young adults, such as in the form of higher education subsidies, but we do not ask if this expenditure is the most equitable way of ensuring adequate opportunity for ambition formation for all young adults. Would it be more equitable and desirable to use the resources to pay every young adult a capital grant on maturity rather than for higher education subsidies? The article considers a range of arguments against this basic capital proposal and in defence of education subsidies. It concludes that the case for the basic capital policy is strong, although it is not possible to say that it is definitely preferable in the absence of empirical research that is beyond the scope of this article.     

挑战与回应——论职工素质建设工程的历史责任

面临经济全球化,提升我国企业职工素质形势紧迫。发达国家职工教育的有效经验值得借鉴;培育实施扩展职工教育必须创新职工教育培训发展的各种条件。工会组织要不断与时俱进,抓住新机遇,解决新问题,实现新发展,在推进职工素质建设工程中主动作为:依据法律,参与职工教育管理;适应新形势,促进职工素质建设工程融入企业;以经济技术创新工程为载体,增强企业职工学习的动力。