越南留学生的汉语学习特点实证研究

随着中国和越南在经济、文化领域合作的加强,来中国学习汉语的越南留学生也不断增加,越南已成为我国现阶段较大的一个留学生生源国,针对越南留学生的汉语教学研究也随之引起了学界的关注,但研究更多的是围绕学生学习的客体——汉语来进行。本文通过调查研究的方式,立足汉语的学习主体——越南留学生本身,从学生对汉语言的态度、学习动机、学习目的、学习策略等方面对越南留学生汉语学习的特点进行了研究。     

试析菲律宾和新加坡的“多官方语言”现象及语言政策

菲律宾和新加坡历史上曾经分别是美、英两国的殖民地,所以英语在这两个国家得到了一定的发展与传播。美、英的殖民统治结束后,因为各种原因,英语在菲律宾和新加坡的政府机关和上层社会仍然被继续使用。目前在宪法中明确规定使用英语和民族共同语作为官方语言的东南亚国家只有菲律宾和新加坡。本文分析菲律宾和新加坡的“多官方语言”的现象,并解释了造成其语言现状的历史原因,比较了其语言政策的相同之处。     

谈学生翻译练习中的理解问题

释义翻译是我国大学生学习外语的一种手段 ,但这种翻译活动只注意词语释义和语法分析。学生在学习翻译课程阶段解读原文仍然局限于句子的语法框架内 ,虽然在语法意义上读懂了 ,但在逻辑意义上并没真正读懂原文。翻译课程应引导学生逐步摆脱字对字翻译形成的思维习惯 ,求得在高一层次和更宽的范围内理解原文内涵。     

利用多媒体手段培养汉语口语交际能力

多媒体教学手段在对外汉语课堂教学中可以发挥其长处,达到更好的教学效果,特别是在培养外国留学生的汉语口语交际能力方面可以发挥出更大的作用。利用多媒体教学不但可以提高学生的学习训练效果,而且可以保持教师的教学水平。多媒体教学手段并不能取代传统的课堂教学手段,也不是要取消教师在课堂上的作用,但会给目前的教学带来很大的变化。     

论警察角色定位与警察言语行为规范

根据警察的角色定位,警察的言语行为规范具有三个方面的特征:一、礼貌文明,满腔热情。二、掌握策略,谦让克己。三、遵纪守法,尊重人格。按照警察言语行为规范进行言语交际,能体现出警察的职业角色特征,树立警察在人民群众中的良好形象。     

Contested National Identity and Political Crisis in Bangladesh: Historical Analysis of the Dynamics of Bangladeshi Society and Politics

This paper develops the theme that the ongoing political polarization and political crisis in Bangladesh since its independence from Pakistan in 1971 reflect the fundamental weaknesses of the pillars of Bangladeshi society and national identity. The paper adopts an historical approach to explain why and how Muslim nationalism, which was the basis for the establishment of Pakistan, has re-emerged in contemporary Bangladeshi society and politics and is competing against Bengali ethnicity, language, culture and secularism (‘Bengali nationalism’) within an emerging ‘two-party’ political system. However, instead of establishing a stable political system following the Hotelling–Downs principle of democracy, the Bangladeshi society/polity has been polarized and divided almost vertically on the question of national identity and political philosophy and created sustained political instability and uncertainty. This has stifled the formation and consolidation of a national identity based on ethnicity/language/culture or religion/territory/political history or that have elements of both. Neither ethnicity/language/culture/secularism-based nationalism (Bengali nationalism) nor predominantly Muslim-territorial nationalism (‘Bangladeshi nationalism’) alone can dominate and flourish in Bangladeshi society and polity; instead, the objective conditions in the country dictate that a competitive democratic system of politics which accommodates aspects of secularism, language, Muslim identity and Islamic ethical–moral codes remains the feasible political discourse for forming and consolidating the country's multi-racial, multi-religious national identity over the long run and its survival as a sovereign state.     

Langauge and Violence: Analysis of Four Discursive Operations

The Interactional and Discursive View of Violence and Resistance is a framework for critical analysis and research, prevention and intervention that takes into account the conditions that enable personalized violence, the actions of perpetrators and victims, and the language used in representing those actions. Using this analytic framework, we analyzed five accounts of personalized violence, one each from a perpetrator, a psychiatrist, a judge, a government minister, and a therapist. Our results demonstrate the scope and the ubiquity with which diverse accounts locally accomplish four-discursive-operations; namely, the concealing of violence, obfuscating of perpetrators’ responsibility, concealing of victims’ resistance, and blaming and pathologizing of victims. We examine the specific linguistic devices that combine to accomplish the four-discursive-operations in each case. These data suggest that the problem of violence is inextricably linked to the problem of representation.

电视新闻评论节目制作初探

作为新闻评论体裁与电视媒介相结合的产物,电视新闻评论这种体裁自问世以来深受观众欢迎.但由于电视新闻评论节目起步晚尚处于发展阶段,因此,许多地方电视台制作的此类节目离思想精深、艺术精湛、制作精致的要求还有很大差距.如何加以改变?本文作者认为:一是要从整体上把握好新闻事实的事和新闻评论的理之间的关系;二是要把握材料内容和表达角度的结构关系;三是要处理好电视评论抽象和表达工具的具象关系,运用好声画语言.     

Categorically misleading,dialectically misconceived: language textbooks and pedagogic participation in Central Asian nation-building projects

Persian language manuals uniformly adopt national categories such as Persian/Farsi (Iran), Dari (Afghanistan) and Tajik (Tajikistan). These categories at once impose an imagined contrast between the languages at the high register that is in fact marginal, while occluding profound linguistic variation within these nation-states at colloquial registers. Similar schemas apply to Central Asian Turkic languages such as Uyghur and Uzbek, which are closely related at the formal/literary register, but regionally diverse at lower registers. This dominant instructional approach ill prepares language learners for engaging the region on its own terms, rather than through the lens of nationalist aspirations. Students would be better served by an integrative method that teaches a transnational high language (in the case of Persian) while introducing a diverse range of dialects.     

警察语言形象建设——警察语言的职业特性分析及启示

近年来,警察语言问题受到很大的关注。警察语言具有鲜明的行业特性,公安机关要加强对警察行业语言的研究,充分认识警察行业语言的职业特性,并为达到警察语言形象建设的目标而采取积极有效的措施。