论作为物权取得法律事实的加工--《物权法草案建议稿》相关内容之评析

加工是就他人所有或部分归他人所有的动产加以制作或改造,使其经济机能得到增加或发生根本性改变、并且价值得到提高,从而发生物权变动的法律事实。加工制度立法的价值取向应尊重当事人的意愿;采取加工主义;区分善意加工和恶意加工,并不能绝对否认恶意加工人取得加工物所有权的可能性。     

Russia's priorities in the Pacific

While Japan’s increased use of the WTO dispute settlement system since 1995 is now widely acknowledged, much less clear are the reasons and motivations behind the specific complaints filed by the Japanese government. An examination of Japan’s complaints between 1995 and 2002 reveals that they have been undertaken almost exclusively on behalf of two sectors, namely automobiles and especially steel. What accounts for the concentration of Japan’s complainant activity in these sectors and not others? In drawing a direct link from domestic politics to the heart of the WTO dispute settlement system, this essay stresses the importance of sectoral lobbying and pressures. It shows concretely how politically organized and institutionally privileged sectors such as Japanese steel have become a major driving force in Japan’s WTO strategy overall. These results are important for considering why there may be far more interaction between state, sectoral, and electoral interests than is normally suspected in the WTO dispute settlement processes.     

非违约之诉的举证责任之探析

非违约之诉是GATT/WTO争端解决机制中一项极具争议的制度,在它确立以来的六十多年里,"克制主义"与"激进主义"的博弈从未停止,"利益平衡制度"和"无用或有害制度"的论争此起彼伏。考虑到我国"入世"未深,并且正处于经济转型时期,欠缺妥善处理涉及我国争端解决方面的相关经验。因此,准确把握非违约之诉的内在机理,分析非违约之诉的特殊举证规则,对于灵活地适用非违约之诉,实现我国国际贸易利益的最大化具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

房屋租赁中的添附法律问题研究——兼评法释[2009]11号中的相关规定

添附是物权法上确定所有权取得的一项重要规则,同时也与债法中的不当得利、违约责任、损害赔偿等制度密切相关.房屋租赁中的添附主要表现为不动产与动产的附合,它虽以租赁合同为基础,但相对独立于合同关系.实践中有必要区分承租人添附的善意与恶意、添附产生的合同内部关系与外部效力、添附形成物的价值大小和功能差异等因素确定添附物的归属.而对于租赁房屋添附利益的返还及损害赔偿,应当区别于租赁双方的合同责任,适用不当得利、侵权损害赔偿等规则予以解决.     

The Western Balkans and the EU budget: the effects of enlargement

ABSTRACT

The Western Balkan region needs credible European development prospects to break the cycle of enlargement and accession fatigue and to speed up regional adjustment to the EU. Post-accession EU budget flows can provide the necessary funding for such prospects. This article assesses the expected changes in the size and composition of EU budget flows to the Western Balkan countries after their EU accession. Our results show a sudden and substantial increase in gross and net flows, which gradually intensifies over several years before levelling off. EU budget flows are economically important relative to the size of the Western Balkan economies, and their composition is strongly biased towards development policies. We also find that Western Balkan enlargement comes at a minimal budgetary cost for the remaining EU member states. Our findings can help reduce scepticism behind the Western Balkan countries’ accession fatigue and the EU’s enlargement fatigue.     

Shifting Logics: The Discourses of Turkish Political Elites on EU Accession

Abstract

The article compares the EU accession discourses, during the 2002, 2007 and 2011 elections, of Turkey’s governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) with those of the two main opposition parties, the Republican People’s Party (CHP) and the Nationalist Action Party (MHP), tracking the continuities and shifts in their discourses. In the light of Habermas’s distinction between pragmatic, ethical and moral justifications, the discourses are analysed on the basis of three explanatory logics – interests, rights and identity – by means of a theoretically guided qualitative content analysis of the election manifestos of these three political parties. These logics, emerging and shifting in line with periodical dynamics, have been instrumental to varying degrees in the discourses of Turkey’s political elites.     

发展中国家与GATT/WTO反倾销立法

本文将发展中国家参与ＧＡＴＴ／ＷＴＯ反倾销立法的过程分为三个阶段,其在ＷＴＯ的反倾销立法中的影响力与发达国家趋向平衡,但并非他们关心的所有问题在乌拉圭回合反倾销协议中都有所体现。从维护发展中国家的利益考虑应进一步修订国际反倾销协议。     

论GATT第24条对RTAs与区域经济一体化的规范

GATT24条及其谅解明确了RTAs和区域经济一体化在WTO体制下的合法性,并对其中的关税同盟和自由贸易区以及导致关税同盟和自由贸易区形成的临时协定作了较为具体的规范.但仅就这些条款而言,在一些关键和细节问题上依然具有很大的不确定性,需要结合其他条款和立法背景进行正确理解,并在实践中灵活运用.通过对GATT第24条的深入剖析,本文对一些较为模糊的认识进行了澄清,认为区域经济一体化应理解为GATT最惠国待遇的例外,所有区域经济一体化的形式都有可能在GATT取得合法的地位,GATT对关税同盟与自由贸易区的规范持续到其建立之后.     

GATT第15条:汇率义务衡量需提防的陷阱——基于人民币汇率义务问题的探讨

国内外论著在涉及人民币汇率义务的衡量时,普遍指向了GATT第15条,认为应当以此来确定IMF与WTO在人民币汇率义务问题上的管辖归属和衡量依据.然而,GATT第15条仅规定了IMF与WTO在经常账户下的货币兑换和国际支付方面的关系,并没有规定二者在汇率安排问题上的关系,汇率安排属于IMF辖域.西方的指责属于汇率安排问题,人民币汇率义务应由IMF依IMF协定第4条进行监督,而不应由WTO争端解决机制解决.     

绿色壁垒给我国出口贸易带来的困境及应对措施

绿色壁垒亦称环境壁垒,是国际贸易中一种重要的技术性贸易壁垒,业已对我国的出口贸易带来了严重危害。绿色壁垒给我国出口贸易带来的困境既有GATT/WTO相关法律规则自身缺陷的影响,也有各国经济利益保护目的的驱动,同时还在于我国自身的原因。因此,消除绿色壁垒必须从企业环保综合能力的提高、政府职能和非政府机构作用这三个层面入手,运用法律的、经济的、技术的手段予以克服。