Attention! The meanings of attention to politics in surveys

This research note explores the role of reported attention to politics in survey overclaiming about politics. Using recognition of real and fictitious political parties in the context of the UK's 2019 European Parliament elections, we find that people who report higher attention to politics are more likely to over-report recognition of fictitious parties, and are also more likely to recognize new real political parties - those that emerged around the issue of ‘Brexit’ in the months before the election. To resolve these patterns, we show that political attention makes little difference to the accuracy of responses for people who have high political knowledge, or if it does so, it increases accuracy. However, for those with lower political knowledge, high reported political attention is a source of potential survey error and bias. These findings are consistent with higher survey satisficing and norm compliance among those who report having greater attention to politics, particularly among those who have lower knowledge. The implications are important for understanding the meaning and consequences of ‘attention to politics’ in surveys.     

A cluster and its trajectory: evidence from the history of the French Champagne production cluster

This article explores historical and contemporary evolutions within the French Champagne cluster. Its purpose is to demonstrate how the study of rural dynamics in the knowledge economy could be improved through an analysis of its history. Our theoretical contribution includes an analysis of the French Champagne cluster’s trajectory with the aim of illustrating the perspectives of human capital and knowledge-based cluster theory. A narrative historical methodology was carried out within a mature cluster. The paper empirically relates the labour and workforce history of Champagne from the twelfth century onwards in order to show the role of the local entrepreneurial context in the cluster’s longitudinal development. The evolutionary dynamics of the champagne-producing cluster can be understood through the lens of four historical sequences: an institutional sequence, a technological sequence, an industrialisation sequence and a territorial sequence. The cluster’s recent development highlights the increasing importance of a creative class that followed the demographic reversal within its specific rural area.     

信息时代的企业工会工作

信息时代的出现给现代企业工会工作带来新的机遇 ,工会工作应以全新的观念和创造性的思路 ,积极主动地建立网络信息系统 ,以推进厂务公开、推广电子商务和加强知识管理为契机 ,推动企业民主化管理向纵深方向发展 ,在新的领域发挥重要作用。     

知识经济时代国民素质论要

国民素质作为一国国民所具有的整体内在本质力量 ,是新经济时代的实力要素 ,它在综合国力中的地位越来越重要。本文试图从文化素质、精神素质和身体素质三个方面构建国民素质的目标体系     

基于空间治理视角的城市贫困研究综述

相较于农村贫困,城市贫困是一种在空间上集聚的相对贫困,明晰它的空间特征、演变规律及影响因素等对于城市贫困的精准治理有着重要作用。为此,应用Citespace科学文献可视化工具,对Web of Science数据库中1052篇城市贫困主题的英文文献(1995—2019年)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中2912篇相关中文文献(1981—2019年)进行分析,可从空间视角总结国内外城市贫困的研究现状及研究热点。结果表明:研究趋势上,国外对于城市贫困研究的关注度总体呈现上升趋势,而国内城市贫困的研究起步较晚、增长幅度较大,但在关注度上出现倒U型结构;概念上,从空间视角定义城市贫困多是认为居住区内的人们遭受了不同类型的"剥夺";研究内容上,城市贫困空间的测量与识别、时空动态变化、影响因素分析及大数据的应用等是国内外城市贫困的研究热点;贫困空间的演变及成因上,受居住、种族和阶级隔离等多种经济文化因素的综合影响,国外的城市贫困呈现由内及外的郊区化现象,而国内城市贫困空间演化较为复杂多变。     

The development path of rooibos tea – a review of patterns and lessons learnt for the commercialisation of other indigenous teas in South Africa

ABSTRACT

The commercial value of indigenous South African animal and plant resources can add significantly to the nation's socioeconomic development and contribute towards the achievement of the goals of the African Renaissance. However, very few of the country's many indigenous plants have been successfully commercialised. This article reviews the development phases of one success story: rooibos tea. Its development trajectory offers a useful lesson in the commercialisation of other South African indigenous animal and plant resources. Constraints that hindered the effective commercialisation of the beverage are highlighted, notably the initial over-reliance on a local market and the lack of coordinated broad marketing and quality assurance. These constraints were compounded by international trade restrictions imposed on South Africa prior to the 1994 transition to democracy. While the world moved forward, the rooibos tea sector lagged behind in the development of niche markets. It was only in the late 1990s when a seemingly perfect match between the health-giving properties of rooibos and consumer needs was achieved, thus creating a vibrant niche market for the tea. Since then, production and sales of rooibos tea have increased markedly. Adherence to national and international codes of good manufacturing practice, together with the recognition of the importance of fair trade principles regarding the participation of small-scale cooperatives, are becoming increasingly important parameters for product acceptance.     

司法警官类职业院校创新科研团队管理探微

从知识管理的角度,个人、团队和组织的知识存量及相互之间的知识流量决定了组织的竞争优势。司法警官职业学院这些方面明显不足,正面临严峻挑战。如果能逆流而上,一方面在创新科研团队的个体网络中,建立起适中的直接关系和大量的间接关系,尽可能汲取外部资源;另一方面,打造创新科研团队,沉下心来,使科研团队逐渐向实践社区型的管理靠拢,进行知识技能积聚。这样卧薪尝胆数年,两方面相互促进,科研创新能力定会极大提升。     

西方之眼——论《看见十九世纪台湾》的知识生产

本文以《看见十九世纪台湾——十四位西方旅行者的福尔摩沙故事》（Curious Investigations：19th-century American and European Impressions of Taiwan）为主要分析对象,将西方人讲述的台湾故事当做西方对东方的观看和关于台湾的知识生产,探讨何种事物被选择为讲述对象,考察来自西方的“凝视”（gaze）究竟产生了怎样的台湾图景.首先,将西方旅行者对台湾自然事物的发现与19世纪西方的科学发展相联系,说明对未知世界的探险、科学化的叙述和世界范围内的知识传播是由西方主导的.而旅行者对台湾人文景观的记录则表现为观察与被观察、控制与被控制的权力关系,是西方主体对东方他者的认知投射.第二,借用文化与社会关键词的论述,将旅行者对台湾人文与社会的讲述集中于一些有代表性的词汇中,如“野蛮人”、汉人与儒家文化等,这些词汇体现了西方主体的意识与观念,呈现了当时西方眼中的台湾知识地图.原住民被作为讲述中心可能与西方眼中的文明位阶相关;汉人和儒家文化受到贬抑是中华文明衰落和西方文明崛起的世界格局所决定的.     

知识创新体系中信息资源管理的发展趋势之刍议

本文简要介绍了知识创新体系及其与信息管理的关系,分析探讨了信息资源管理的发展趋势,并从注重国家层次上的信息资源管理、网络信息资源管理成为新的热点、信息资源管理学科体系等方面进行了阐述。     

利用网络的《工程图学》课程互动教学模式探讨

通过总结五年网络教学经验,对如何通过利用网络平台和计算机绘图软件来有效、扎实、科学合理的实现《工程图学》的实际教学与网络教学的有机结合以达到老师与学生的有效、高质量的互动,提出了几点建设性意见,对提高《工程图学》课的教学质量将有一定的帮助。