侦办非法集资案的基本程序及应注意的几个问题

非法集资案件具有涉案人员多、社会影响大、罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪界限不易区分等特点,侦办过程应注意遵循符合其自身特点的程序,坚持以维护社会稳定为首要原则,严格依法办案,各职能部门密切协作。     

略论美国现实主义法律思想的兴起

美国现实主义法律思想是在特定的时代背景下,以实用主义哲学为理论基础而兴起的。它的主要主张是:依据不断变化的社会需要来变革法律制度。现实主义法律思想既认可立法机关的立法权威,又赞成适度的“法官造法”。现实主义法律思想的兴起在美国法制史上具有广泛而深远的历史影响,对其他国家的法制建设也有重要的借鉴作用。     

注册会计师虚假验资对委托人的专家责任探讨

注册会计师因其在所在领域的专门知识与经验从而对委托人负有专家义务。由于注册会计师对委托人所负担的专家义务,注册会计师虚假验资情况下,委托人可选择请求注册会计师承担专家责任—违约责任。这种违约责任与注册会计师违反约定义务情形下的违约责任在构成要件与免责条件方面均有区别。     

医疗事故诉讼中过失认定

医疗事故属于医疗执业侵权。医疗执业侵权中医方的过失来自于其违反了法律要求的照护义务。美国的医疗执业侵权法从“医疗常规标准”已经发展出了“群体接受的标准”,以及在此基础上的过失认定原则。在程序上,美国的原告依赖于专家证人举证证明医方过错。我国的医疗事故诉讼的过失标准是“医疗常规标准”,存在着许多法律缺陷;程序没有专家证人制度,但实行单一举证责任倒置。事实上,过失的认定上交给了医疗事故技术鉴定,成为了医疗事故诉讼的核心。“医疗常规标准”和举证责任、医疗事故鉴定存在很多法律上的冲突。医疗事故鉴定和医疗事故诉讼间的关系,现有法律存有许多待讨论的问题;鉴定人的欠缺法律责任的规范。但现有达到专家辅助人和可能有的医学专家充当陪审员,很可能有助于解决我国医疗事故诉讼中的专业问题。     

Why Does Citizens' Knowledge of New Policy Vary Between Municipalities? The Case of the Social Support Act

Providing information to citizens is an important first step in the implementation of new policy. In this study we explain differences in the knowledge of citizens between municipalities of a newly introduced law in the Netherlands, the Social Support Act, 10 months after it became into force. This law is especially important for older people that need support in their daily functioning and participation. We focused on two aspects of knowledge related to the act, i.e. having heard of the new act, and knowing how voice with regard to policy on support is organised in the place of residence. Given that socialist local governments focus more on social topics than liberal local governments, we expected citizens of municipalities with socialist councils to have more knowledge about the new Social Support Act. Contrary to our expectations, citizens from municipalities where a liberal party or a collaboration of liberal/socialist parties is the largest, have a better understanding of how voice is organised. On the other hand, citizens in municipalities with an alderman from a combination of liberal/socialist parties have a lower chance of having heard of the Social Support Act. We argue that in view of the Social Support Act, the ideology of a local government related to citizens' responsibilities (liberal view) may have more influence on citizens' knowledge than being a government that pays attention to social issues (socialist view). As far as individual differences between citizens are concerned, as expected, older people that are more educated but in poorer health status have more knowledge about the new act. A higher educational level and an excellent mental health status are related to more knowledge about voice. Educational level is the most powerful predictor for knowledge about the act.     

Identity and its verification

The European Commission's eJustice Strategy seems to contemplate that all lawyers will be issued with an ‘identity card’ card, perhaps intended to include a key for making digital signatures. The Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE) is proposing to introduce such a card. The purpose of this article is to clarify what ‘identity’ is and what is involved in verifying it, and to offer some general observations about identity cards. Although written with the eJustice proposals in mind, nevertheless the purpose of this article is to address the topic in its widest sense, which means it affects identity and its verification, whatever the circumstances.     

对笔迹检验中差异点的几点认识

本文通过案例分析了笔迹检验中差异点形成的原因,并提出了笔迹检验工作中必须注意的三个关系,这对于笔迹检验实践具有一定的借鉴作用。     

区域差异比较与东北三省经济发展的路径分析

区域差异对经济发展影响很大,制约着各地区经济发展的路径选择.我国东南沿海地区人多地少,资源相对缺乏,但交通便利,气候宜人,并且历史上对外交往颇多.因此,改革开放后充分利用外资和技术大力发展外贸、旅游经济,以"大进大出"的外向型经济为主.东北地区在自然、经济基础、文化和历史传统方面与东南沿海地区有着某些相同之处,便于发展外向型经济.但二者又有较大的差别,东北地区人少地多,农林资源丰富,传统产业基础较好,在学习和借鉴东南沿海地区发展方式,努力发展外向型经济的同时,应充分利用本地资源禀赋,经济发展以现代农业和传统工业产业为主渠道,并利用现有科技条件发展相关产业,加强区域内协作,把产品做大做强,打造自己的品牌,走出有自己特色的经济发展道路.     

Characteristics of erasable ball point pens

In 1979 shortly after the introduction of the erasable ball point pen two papers were published describing its basic characteristics (W.J. Flynn, J. Police Sci. Adm., 7 (1979) 346–349; P. Pfefferli and J. Mathyer, Rev. Int. Criminol. Police Tech., (1979) 407–419). Since that time two additional makes of pens and other colors of ink have been introduced, and the quality of writing has been significantly improved.The ink of the erasable pen differs significantly from that of the standard ball point pen, and for that matter from ink of all other modern day pens. In what way might this newer pen produce a written line different from other ball point pens? This is one question that the paper addresses with limited success.When erased, what techniques can be used to attempt to determine the text of the original writing? The writer considers all standard methods for deciphering erased writing and discusses modification by use of infrared film with oblique light photography — the method most successful in determining the original contents of the erasure.     

农村家庭教育对大学生“三观”教育的影响——基于农村家庭教育现状调查

农村家庭教育是影响农村大学生形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观的先导性因素。当前农村家庭教育中存在的问题影响了大学生的"三观"教育。因此,亟需转变农村家庭教育机制,实现学生个人、家庭、学校、政府多方面的教育联动,为学校的后导性教育奠定良好的"先验"基础。