规则与礼仪:来自特罗布里恩社会的启示——《西太平洋上的航海者》述评

《西太平洋上的航海者》是马林诺夫斯基的民族志名著,作品立足于文化的特殊性与人性的复杂性,从功能主义视角出发,勾勒了特罗布里恩群岛的社会结构和与之密切交织的文化现象,分析了社会系统各构成要素之间相互配合的关系,把特罗布里恩人约定俗成的各种规则、礼仪生活传统与追求社会信誉的生活态度梳理出来,尤其是对社会交换的经典案例库拉作...     

To Build A “Harmonious World”: China’s Soft Power Wielding in the Global South

This study attempts to answer a new but important question in China’s foreign policy— how Beijing has wielded its soft power to construct its ideal of international order in the age of China’s rise. Before empirical analyses, this study tries to set up a conceptual framework on the relations between the idea of “harmonious world” and China’s soft power wielding in its rising process. Within this framework, this study examines a rising China’s foreign policies towards three targeted regions in the global south—Africa, East Asia, and Latin America. On the one hand, due to Beijing’s carefully-designed and soft power-based foreign policies, the global south has become an increasingly harmonious environment for Beijing to cultivate a favorable national image, exert its political influence on regional affairs, benefit its own domestic economic developments, etc. On the other hand, some problems such as the so-called “China’s New Colonialism” and the increased vigilance from the other powers have already began to challenge Beijing’s harmony in those regions. Sheng Ding is assistant professor of political science at Bloomsburg University. He received both his masters and doctoral degrees from Rutgers. His research interests include soft power in international relations; transnational identity in globalization; information technology and world politics; politics in Pacific Asia; Chinese politics and foreign policy; U.S.-China relations, etc. His research articles have been published by Pacific Affairs, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics and East Asia: An International Quarterly. The author would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments on the draft of the paper.     

论民族文化背后的晚清乡绅社会反教情绪及表现样态

晚清乡绅是一个特殊的社会群体,在中国近代社会转型变化的关头,他们陷入了前所未有的文化困境,在民族心理上难以接受这种猝然而至并欲以主人地位取代民族文化的外来的异类文化。而仅凭过去的思想文化资源,他们又找不到解决问题的答案和出路。作为当时社会的精英,他们对现实的感受尤其敏锐和痛苦,而他们又是当时社会大众中儒家传统文化权威的具体象征,是当时民间话语权的表达者,所以,当西方基督教文化侵入中国内地,尤其是农村时,他们便责无旁贷地站出来代替大众表态。在传统面对挑战之际,他们很难心平气和地做出明智的选择,这种情感和民族心理习惯上的反抗趋势,呈现出合情却不合理的猜忌与恶感的样态,这是中国知识阶层走出传统模式的必由之路,只有经过这一盲目、自发阶段后,他们才能逐渐变化开放。     

公共管理与构建和谐社会关系研究

公共管理在构建和谐社会的过程中具有多重功能。公共管理过程中多方面的合作与协商,有利于充分反映和兼顾不同利益群体的愿望与要求,有利于实现多方面的“共赢”,有利于促进多元共生和谐社会的构建与发展。公共管理具有更强的合法性。但是,我要充分发挥公共管理在构建和谐社会中的作用,需要转变行政机关的职能与转变行政治理工具、培育公民社会、推进社会主义法治建设、构建畅通的反映公民诉求的途径和解决社会问题的有效机制等,同时,应努力促使公共管理朝着它的理想模式——善治的方向发展。     

刑事和解制度的理性思考

刑事和解制度是当今西方国家重要的司法改革措施之一,体现了宽容理念、自由契约精神和以人为本的思想。刑事和解制度折射出来的现代民主和法治内涵,符合构建社会主义和谐社会的方向。在我国刑事司法领域中,并不存在严格意义上的刑事和解制度。从时代发展趋势来看,通过借鉴和吸收,在中国移植和实行刑事和解制度很有必要。通过政治、文化、法律三个层面的考察,中国已经具备了移植和实行刑事和解制度的现实社会基础。     

The perspective of multi-religious Society on Islamization policy in Malaysia

Support for Islam has often been described as part of the Malaysian government’s drive for Islamization, commonly known as ‘Islamization policy’. The concept of an ‘Islamization policy’ is contested, open to various interpretations since it is not officially defined in any government blueprint. This paper highlights the perspectives of a number of religious groups on Islamization policy. The study covered the period from 1981 until 2009, which includes the Mahathir Mohamed and Abdullah Ahmad Badawi administrations. Using a policy analysis lens, the paper focuses on the perspective of the groups regarding the idea of Islamization as a public policy; the meaning and status of Islamization policy. The patterns indicate that the views are more complex than just ‘for’ and ‘against,’ although the patterns of perception are based on two divergent views: those who support the policy (the proponents) and those who oppose it (the opponents). This diversity is significant in that it helps to provide a better understanding of some multi-religious perspectives towards Islamization policy, as well as highlighting the different interests and concerns of both Muslim and non-Muslim communities towards the policy.     

构建虚拟社区警务 强化网络虚拟社区管理

互联网络对社会政治、经济、文化的影响越来越大,这给公安机关对网络虚拟社会的管理提出了更新、更高的要求。建立基于互联网的虚拟社区警务,是公安机关顺应时代发展大趋势的需求。公安机关依法、主动、公开管理互联网络,严厉打击网上违法犯罪活动,构筑全面覆盖网络虚拟社会的综合防控体系,是维护社会和谐稳定的必然要求,同时对于降低警务成本、整合警务资源、创新警务模式、提高警务效能、促进公安工作全面协调可持续发展也具有积极意义。     

动态社会条件下社会治安管控突破路径探析

动态社会条件下,社会治安形势发生了巨大变化。公安机关要将学习实践科学发展观同公安工作实际结合起来,从完善工作机制、创新治安管控方式等方面入手,努力解决制约社会治安管控的新问题,为新一轮经济社会发展提供良好的社会治安环境。     

构建社会主义和谐社会相对满足人们的公平需求

公平理论为构建社会主义和谐社会提供了有益的借鉴,追求社会公平是人类社会心理活动的客观规律。宏观环境中不公平心理产生的主要原因是经济上的社会分配不公。应当通过完善改革制度和政策,加强经济领域的宏观管理和监督;实行民主政治,加强法制建设;重视教育,提高全民族素质来加以调整。微观环境中不公平心理产生的原因有个人、组织和领导者层面。应当注重全方位提高自身的素质;认真进行管理制度和分配(奖励)制度的改革与完善;领导者更应注重树立立党为公、执政为民的思想,提高科学执政、民主执政、依法执政的能力,切实担负起建设和谐社会的责任。     

论公共文化的基本特性

公共文化是包括公共文化设施、文化场所、文化活动在内的概念,具有文化性、公益性、社会性、民族性和地域性。准确把握公共文化的基本特性,对于卓有成效地开展城市公共文化建设,促进经济社会发展,具有十分重要的意义。