‘Situated Knowledges’ and New Materialism(s): Rethinking a Politics of Location

Abstract

Playing a pivotal role in foregrounding a feminist politics of difference, a politics of location embodies what can be termed second-wave concerns that continue to inform contemporary feminist modes of inquiry and research. However, the attention to material specificity that locatability performs has emphasized the identity of the speaking subject at the same time as it has acknowledged materiality's entangled engagements as suggestive of the complicated production of any identity. In her 1988 essay ‘Situated Knowledges’, Donna Haraway both raises and responds to the challenge of a feminist politics of location in a way that anticipates a convoluted politics of the subject, in particular where she is not satisfied to relinquish universality and objectivity, or the ‘non-local’, in her provocative thinking through of situated knowledge production. The partial perspective she uncovers insists that the capacity for identity is addressed as a political gesture, with a reminder that any appeal to perspective is a non-innocent participation in what it helps to produce. In taking up Haraway's essay, the author engages with the problematic nature of a politics of location that is confounded by the direction of its critical interventions, and in such a way anticipates and performs new (feminist) materialist concerns. Questioning the nature of non-locatability and its political imperatives, the author suggests an ‘annunciative politics’ through which to consider some of the implications of Haraway's figuring of the partial perspective, to ask after feminism's political impetus with the tensions raised in Haraway's argument kept alive.     

关于当代资本主义的三个认识问题

对待当代资本主义的现状以及未来相当长时期的发展要有足够的清醒的认识,对待当代社会主义面临的挑战要有足够的充分的思想准备。尤其是要看到随着人类各个方面的进步,世界历史进程在加快,但作为世界历史进程的社会主义不可能在几代人和少数几个国家内瓜熟蒂落。今天的社会主义可能处在新一轮复兴的起点,而不是最终胜利战役的开始;资本主义可能处在当前周期的鼎盛时期,而不是已经拉开了最终灭亡的序幕。     

解读历史叙事的包公断狱故事

历史叙事中的包公形象主要以忠孝、清廉、明察、刚毅为特征 ,而流传至今的 1 0个包公断狱故事 ,除了体现这些特征之外 ,还暴露了包公偶尔也有的断狱不明和刚愎自用的弱点。通过这一研究 ,可以提供一个与文学叙事和民间传说中的包公形象与断狱智慧进行比较研究的前提。     

六朝文化及其历史地位与现代价值

六朝文化是以六朝首都建康为中心而形成的具有时代特色的一种地域文化 ,包涵面广 ,内容丰富 ,辉煌灿烂 ,具有重要的历史地位和明显的现代价值。     

Taking production relations seriously: the role of defence firms in armaments cooperation

ABSTRACT

Coordinating defence-industrial relations towards harmonising and facilitating procurement policies, production processes and the joint operability of their member-states’ national defence sectors, International Armaments Organisations (IAOs) play an important role in armaments cooperation. How can we explain their institutional development? Existing literature tackles this question using International Relations theories to mid-range theories of institutions and integration. However, they adopt overly state-centric viewpoints, assume actor interests as given, and disregard the changes in the global economic landscape that constitute the backdrop of armaments cooperation. In response, we shift the focus onto a key group of actors: the defence firms. Using a Neo-Gramscian Historical Materialist approach, we investigate how the globalisation of the defence market has created a transnational defence-industrial class in Europe, and demonstrate how its economic interests have fundamentally shaped the institutional frameworks of European IAOs. We focus on the Organisation for Joint Armaments Cooperation (OCCAR) and the European Defence Agency (EDA) to illustrate our argument. Our conclusions have implications for the study of armaments cooperation, particularly highlighting how the economic nature of this policy domain necessitates a closer look at the global and regional production relations, and the agency of the defence firms.     

琉球群岛地域构成的历史地理学考证

琉球群岛与我国有着特殊的地缘关系。这种地缘关系涉及我国领土主权和海洋权益。历史上琉球群岛的"分岛改约"涉及我国的切身利益,今天琉球群岛不但是围堵中国的所谓"第一岛链"的重要组成部分,更是日本制造东海争端的地理依据。甲午战争以后,中国对琉球群岛地缘战略意义的认识渐渐淡漠。学术界关于琉球群岛区域地理学基础研究积累的缺失,导致我国对于琉球群岛地域构成的认知模糊不清。数百年来,随着琉球群岛地缘政治关系的变化,琉球群岛历经沧桑,几易其主,其地域构成几经变迁。但是,历史上承载着琉球王国的琉球群岛作为一个独立的地理单元依然如故,并不因日本、美国单边因素的变化,或日美双边关系的变化而改变。正确认识琉球群岛地理单元的特殊性和完整性,对于今后我国涉及琉球问题的对外交涉具有重要意义。     

From parish register to the “historical table”: The Prussian population statistics in the 17th and 18th centuries

This overview deals with the development of population statistics in Germany and Prussia, where different streams and trends in the field of statistics can be observed until the end of the 18th century: (1) the so-called university statistics (Staatenkunde); (2) political arithmetic; (3) table statistics; (4) “German Kameralia;” and (5) Prussian financial science. The most important sources for historical demographic research are the parish registers. In Germany, they start in the early or high Middle Ages as baptismal lists. In Prussia in the 16th century, parish registers consisted of entries and items of baptisms (births), marriages, and funerals (deaths). Based upon these parish registers at the end of 17th century in the Brandenburg Electorate, population lists were set up as registers or tables of population movement, as “general registers of the born, the married, the deceased, and the communicants.” Physicians and such Prussian medical authorities as the Collegium medicum and the Collegium sanitatis collected data about the causes of death and the longevity of human life (people more than 90 years old). In the course of 120 years during the 17th and 18th centuries, about 350,000 immigrants came to Brandenburg-Prussia. The Prussians developed excellent migration and census statistics in the form of historical tables. From the founding of the Prussian Office of Statistics in 1805 until its reorganization in 1809–1810, historical tables were set up using population statistics.     

Research note: The founders and survivors project

This paper describes the multidisciplinary project Founders and Survivors: Australian Life Courses in Historical Context. Individual life courses, families and generations through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are being reconstituted from a wide range of data including convict records; birth, death and marriage registrations; and World War I service records. The project will result in a longitudinal study of Australian settlement, the long-run effects of forced labour and emigration on health and survival, family formation, intergenerational morbidity and mortality, and social and geographic mobility.     

论马克思恩格斯的自律观

马克思恩格斯在吸收借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,形成了自己的自律观。他们的自律观对前人的自律思想进行了扬弃,二人在唯物史观的基础上,将自律建立在现实的社会基础之上,并注重自律和他律的统一。马克思恩格斯以人的自由全面发展为终极目标,强调发挥人的主体性和主动性,使主体在自律的过程中显现人的本质。     

理解“安乐死”,为“安乐死”在我国的实施创造条件

“安乐死”的本质是为减轻患绝症的病人在精神上和肉体上的极端痛苦,有利于减轻其家属负担,符合优生、优死的唯物主义认识论。“安乐死”不存在现实的社会危害,没有损害绝症患者的生命权,是尊重个体生命权的体现。脑死亡法即将在我国出台,为安乐死的实施创造了条件。