对一起复杂性非法行医案件查处问题探讨

通过对K市某"生命养护中心"监督检查中发现的一起不同时段、不同违法主体开展非法行医的复杂案件的介绍,对案件调查取证、执法程序和法律适用进行全面评析,总结此类案件查处中的争议和不足.在国家全民大健康背景下,随着《基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》的出台,就未来如何有效打击和遏制非法行医活动等问题进行探讨.     

Offence characteristics and cognitive functioning in juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour

Intelligence differences exist between sex offenders and non-sex offenders in adult populations, but comparable intelligence differences are not consistently found among juveniles. However, juveniles may differ on measures of intelligence across offence-related variables used to subclassify adults. The purpose of the present study was to determine if between- and within-group differences exist in a sample of 925 juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual and non-sexual behaviours across offence-related variables. The results suggest that juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour outperformed juveniles adjudicated for non-sexual offences on Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) performance, though full-scale intelligence quotients scores for both groups were lower than would be expected in the general population. Unlike adult offenders, juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour do not tend to differ on WASI performance across offence-related variables. These results provide additional evidence that these juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour are categorically distinct from adults who sexually offend.     

《海牙取证公约》在我国的实施分析

我国自1997年批准《海牙取证公约》以来,公约已经对我国生效12年。不过,从实践来看,《海牙取证公约》在我国的实施存在很多问题,如对公约实施的程序不清,实践不统一;我国法院及当事人对公约的利用不够等。为了改进《海牙取证公约》的实施,我国应该采取丰富域外取证的方式,制定公约的实施细则,合理利用信息技术等措施。     

The sex industry,human trafficking and the global prohibition regime: a cautionary tale from Greece

Using the concept of global prohibition regimes as an analytical point of departure, this article interrogates the development and results of the agitation campaign that relayed the new global prohibition regime against trafficking for sexual exploitation in Greece after 1995. In line with the international trend towards the issue of trafficking in the 1990s, the Greek campaign has been successful in shaping perceptions of the change in the Greek sex industry on the basis of an equation of prostitution, trafficking and transnational organized crime, and it also successfully capitalized on transnational supports to induce changes in legislation and public policy. However, a critical examination of the Greek situation suggests that there is a considerable discrepancy between the above conceptualisation and the knowledge of the issue emerging from the activities of criminal justice agencies. The examination of the general conditions of economic exploitation and social marginalization of migrants in Greece in the 1990s and after reveals significant homologies between the social organization of the sex industry and other sectors of the economy that have depended on migrant labour. This result underscores the nature of the idea of organized crime as an ideological construct acting as a diversion from more substantive paths of inquiry into the structures of national economy that bear upon the exploitation of sexual labour.

寻求普遍的中国国际关系理论：一项不可能的使命？

近年来,中国学术界对构建国际关系理论“中国学派”的大讨论缺乏科学哲学的指引,陷入观点之争,形不成共识。诸多观点差异的根本分歧在于国际关系究竟是一门科学还是艺术。自然主义者坚持社会世界的科学研究和社会理论的普遍性。反自然主义者则坚持社会世界的人文研究和社会理论的特殊性。在创建国际关系理论“中国学派”的争论中,自然主义者反对国际关系理论特殊性（如“中国学派”）的提法,反自然主义者则反对国际关系理论的普适性。作者认为寻求一种既具有普遍性同时也包含中国特色的国际关系理论是可能的。原因在于,理论产生包含理论建构和理论证明两个过程,理论证明遵循普遍性逻辑,理论建构遵循特殊性逻辑。理论普遍性体现在它遵循共同的证明逻辑,特殊性则体现在理论假说的创造上。由于理论假说提出是创造性过程,使得中国要素的渗入成为可能。中国人对问题的思考,必然带上中国文化与思维方式的烙印,由此提出理论假说,经由验证而成为理论学说,最终将刻上“中国”印记。基于此,创建一种具有普遍性的中国国际关系理论是可能的。     

非医师行医的法律思考

非医师行医,卫生监督机构依照《执业医师法》和《医疗机构管理条例》进行监管,但在法律法规适用上存在着差异,导致执法结果不同,影响了打击非法行医行为的社会效果。因此,应加快修改法律法规,使之切合实际。国家卫生计生委应加强卫生法律法规的解释,统一操作规程。卫生监督机构应与司法机关建立沟通协调机制,统一认识,形成打击非法行医行为的合力。     

Information Transmission Among World Major Gold Futures Markets： Evidence From High Frequency Synchronous Trading Data

This study examines the international information transmission among three major gold futures markets namely New York Mercantile Exchange in division of Commodity Exchange （COMEX）, Multi Commodity Exchange （MCX）, and Tokyo Commodity Exchange （TOCOM）. The main concept of this research is no matter where gold futures traded, they share the same underlying asset. Two well-documented approaches, which are vector error correction model and information share, are utilized to measure the process of price discovery under this trivariate system. The uniqueness of this study is that it employs synchronous intraday time series which can mitigate the stale price problem from daily observations. The evidences indicate that the three gold futures prices are cointegrated and driven by the same fundamental factors. New arrival information disseminates efficiently among the three markets and the pricing information transmission among exchanges is very rapid. However, the lead-lag relationship among markets still exists with the dominance of COMEX gold futures as the centre of price discovery The US gold futures market is the most efficient in processing information. Its role on price discovery and information can be attributed to COMEX＇s massive trading volume.     

跨国追逃中遣返法律困境及其应对措施研究

外逃人员潜逃国外时往往也会违反目的地国的移民法或者因为在我国的犯罪行为而不符合入境条件面临被遣返的问题。非法移民遣返作为一种引渡替代措施在跨国追逃中发挥着重要作用,但其遣返措施也面临着一些困难,如外逃人员可能会利用难民申请、遣返前风险评估等行政或司法救济手段逃避遣返。此外,遣返中我国还面临中外法律制度的差异导致的证据效力不足、量刑承诺的法律依据不足、遣返目的地不确定等问题。对此,我们应该积极配合有关国家向其提供外逃人员的犯罪证据、申请国际刑警组织发布红色通报、宣布外逃人员护照作废、综合运用跨国追逃追赃措施,以促成外逃人员依法被遣返回国。     

论内幕交易、泄露内幕信息罪中“非法获取人员”的认定——美国法的“信息泄露理论”与“盗用理论”在中国的适用

中国法将内幕交易、泄露内幕信息罪的主体规定为知情人员与非法获取人员,而关于非法获取人员的范围与认定标准等都欠缺详细的规定。依据立法规定,并参照外国法理论,非法获取人员应是指除内幕人员外,可以凭借与发行公司或内幕人员的关系而非法获得内幕信息的人员,或者利用非法手段取得内幕信息的人员。对非法知情人员,美国判例则创制出了＂信息泄露理论＂与＂盗用理论＂以规制该类人员的内幕交易责任。对内幕人员的配偶与直系血亲,中国法应明文规定其相关责任,并利用＂信息泄露理论＂进行规制,而对其他以非法手段获知内幕信息的人员,则不妨适用＂盗用理论＂以进行惩治。     

基于犯罪模糊数据库的知识发现

根据模糊数据库的理论研究及实际开发状况,对犯罪模糊数据库中知识发现的几个问题进行了探讨。研究表明,模糊关系数据库是开发不确定性系统的非常重要的工具。文中指出,模糊算法和计算机语言的有机结合,会产生程序的学习系统,最后描述了一个基于模糊犯罪数据库的知识发现算法。