培养学生独立生存能力和创造思维

在当今科学技术高速发展的时代,独立生存能力和创造思维是一个人适应社会发展的重要素质,美国、日本等发达国家都十分重视对学生这两方面素质的培养。这种培养要从提高学生心理素质入手,激发学生的独立愿望、创新志向、丰富的想像力以及广泛的兴趣。     

Leveraging liminality: how San Diego taxi drivers used their precarious status to win reform

ABSTRACT

Using a case study in San Diego, California, we explore the complexities of precarious employment for taxi drivers. We seek to answer the following question: how do the ambiguities of taxi drivers’ status as independent contractors shape drivers’ work conditions and opportunities for resistance? Our study is based on 331 surveys, 20 in-depth interviews, participant observation, and policy analysis over two years. While drivers were objectively disempowered by the independent contracting designation, lacking both the protections granted employees and the prerogatives of ownership, they were empowered by the alliances this duality facilitated. Drivers used their marginal identities as workers and as entrepreneurs to their advantage in their campaign for reform. This case presents an alternative narrative to previous research, which generally highlights how independent contractors either accept their status in exchange for flexibility or resist by claiming misclassification. The immigrant taxi drivers in our case study actively resisted, not by pursuing recognition as employees, but rather by successfully seeking the full rights of business owners.     

Shadow peacebuilders and diplomatic counterinsurgencies: informal networks,knowledge production and the art of policy-shaping

ABSTRACT

This article explores the role of informal networks in producing strategic knowledge and influencing policy responses to the 2011 post-election crisis in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The analytical focus is on networks of shadow peacebuilders, defined as actors who are often not visible to the public and who promote a mix of altruistic and personal interests of their broader network by generating strategic narratives and influencing peacebuilding policy. As this article shows, shadow peacebuilders engage in diplomatic counterinsurgencies waged by means of diplomacy, politics, public relations and legal means. Strategic narratives are instrumental in legitimizing diplomatic counterinsurgency, inducing internal cohesion within the network and delegitimizing alternative narratives and policy solutions. Yet the production of strategic knowledge by shadow peacebuilders has its limitations. When the gap between strategic narrative and actions becomes too big, the network risks fragmentation and defeat by other networks that promote alternative strategic narratives and paths of action in the battle over control of peacebuilding policy.     

Race and Class

This article examines the rise of the Independent Workers Union (IWU) in Ireland, North and South, in relation to the bifurcation of trade unionism on the Island, from 1900 until the demise of the so-called Celtic tiger in the early years of the twenty-first century. It is argued that two competing ideological and political trajectories defined the major divisions in the Irish labour movement and where given added impetus with the formation of two separate states after 1920. One tradition was committed to an idea of a progressive British empire, while the other was born of a movement linking together trade union, class and national autonomy. A trade union with a long history and recent past, the IWU represents a labour movement formation whose tradition extends the latter: it is committed to developing forms of opposition to state and capital. If more subdued since the partition of the island, this tradition was reignited with the implosion of Social Partnership in the South and the rise of the new sectarianism in the North. Neoliberalism, with its consequent assault upon labour and its various institutions more broadly, provided additional impetus to the creation of the IWU in 2004. The article also assesses its various alternative union and community organising strategies.     

上市公司治理结构中的独立董事制度评析

在我国证券市场股权结构不合理的情况下和现行法律与政策的框架下,独立董事制度只能在有限的范围内起有限的作用。完善我国上市公司治理结构中的独立董事制度,必须完善独立董事的产生办法,明确独立董事的义务和责任。     

代表性官僚:公共行政理论与研究方法的述评

代表性官僚(representative bureaucracy),因其涉及政策执行过程中公共资源向长期弱势的群体(例如少数族裔、女性)倾斜进而达到提升社会公平公正的目的,成为公共行政学科理论前沿的重要课题之一。自1944年Donald Kingsley的《代表性官僚》成书以来,公共行政学界极大地推进了对该理论的研究,包括深入探讨官僚代表性与社会影响的因果机制,并通过严谨的社会科学研究方法提供丰富的实证证据。本文深入地评述了代表性官僚理论的主要定义、概念与假设,并创新性地对近年来代表性官僚理论的新近研究成果按照三个模块进行系统的整理:被代表群体的社会或身份特征,被动性与主动性代表之间的转化和制约条件,以及检测理论问题的研究方法和设计。与此同时,本文也对代表性官僚在中国语境下的理论探索与实证研究的发展进行了梳理。     

论股份有限公司独立监事制度的构建

我国股份有限公司监事会存在构造缺陷。无论是股东监事,还是职工监事,都难以保持独立性和充分发挥监督职能,需要引入独立监事以改造监事会。独立监事制度以权利的独立与制衡为理论基础,其制度构建从根本上保证监事会的独立性和客观性,有利于完善监事会的监督机制、有利于完善公司的治理结构、有利于保护中小股东的利益。加强股份有限公司的监督,是一个复杂的系统工程,独立监事制度能够在其中发挥相当的作用,但如将全部希望寄托于它的身上,是不现实的。     

从股东代表诉讼看股东代表仲裁

《公司法》明确引入了股东代表诉讼,使适格股东可以在公司受到损害时寻求司法的保护。而《民事案件案由规定》将股东代表诉讼列为专门的案由更是实现了该诉讼由纸面至实践的完美转身。但对股东代表仲裁,除了个别学者在公司法著作中轻描淡写带过之外,无论是司法机构还是仲裁机构均没有回应。本文从美国股东代表仲裁的演变出发,针对我国股东代表诉讼的现状,论述了我国股东代表仲裁的可行性,并进而引申出如何在公司经营中运用股东代表仲裁以及运用过程中应注意的问题。     

The Image of Fathers in Popular Adolescent Fiction

With the number of single parent homes on the increase, many children must derive their ideas of roles and responsibilities of fathers from secondary sources, especially books. The picture of fathers that emerges from popular adolescent novels is a disturbing one, with father being commonly portrayed as ineffectual, uncaring, or absent. Significant examples from currently popular books are discussed.     

协商民主的期望与回归——对扩大我国公民有序政治参与的思考

20世纪以来，传统民主的弊端逐渐暴露。从古典民主的没落、精英民主的发展、多元民主的补充到参与民主的复兴，民主形态伴随着世界经济、政治发展而不断演变着。协商民主的复兴被视为完善民主的理想路径。我国经济发展和民生需求呼唤民主的转型，协商民主因其适应了我国公众参与的政治诉求以及对社会整体利益的尊重，值得弘扬，但前提在于对协商民主有着正确的认识，要从对形式协商的渴望转变为对实质制度的追求。