论间接正犯

间接正犯是随着刑法理论发展而出现的问题,如同补丁一样弥补客观主义关于共同犯罪理论的漏洞,因而其不仅为主观主义刑法理论所不屑,而且在客观主义刑法理论中地位也一直飘忽不定。间接正犯的地位应仅限于弥补客观主义共犯从属性理论的不足,在共同犯罪的理论中加以论及较为恰当。因此,在论述间接正犯的含义、性质时应紧扣其地位,不能任意扩大其范围。     

学校对未成年学生的义务及责任承担

监护人对未成年学生的监护不能当然转移给学校。监护人如果将其监护权利、义务及职责全部或者部分委托他人时,必须有明确的约定。不能基于学生进入学校学习的事实而做委托的推定。 学校对未成年学生承担教育、管理、保护义务,而不是监护义务。学校未尽相关义务时,应当承担与其过错相适用的责任。学校承担责任,并不免除造成他人损害的未成年学生之监护人的监护责任。确定监护责任,应当适用《民法通则》第133条第1款。 学校与监护人责任之间是一种间接结合关系,二者应当根据过错程度或者原因力比例承担按份责任。     

经常联系党员是党代表的基本职责

党的代表大会是中国共产党的领导机关，经常联系党员不仅是党代表的基本职责，也直接涉及到党内权力合法性的基础。长期以来党代表难以经常联系党员，原因既有认识上的误区，也有机制上的积弊。解决这一问题的基本思路，一是在党内大力弘扬“尊重党员主体地位”的认识，二是改革党代表产生的制度机制，三是积极推进党代表任期制的具体制度建设。     

Deepwater or Troubled Water? Principal–Agent Theory and Performance-Based Contracting in the Coast Guard’s Deepwater Modernization Program

In the mid-1990s, the United States Coast Guard began planning a modernization effort known as the Deepwater program to replace an aging inventory of cutters, aircraft, and small boats. This effort involved a consortium of corporations to develop a “system of systems” to meet performance-based requirements and build the new equipment. This article examines the Deepwater program through the lens of multilayered principal–agent theory and evaluates the performance-based contracting (PBC) method used to alleviate strains linked to accountability from the principal–agent relationship. The findings help better understand the dilemmas prescribed from multilayered principal–agent theory and PBC by illustrating the accountability issues faced by smaller organizations when engaging in complex, large-scale procurement.     

论知识产权中的间接侵权

论文系统的讨论了间接侵权的三种形态 ,适用于间接侵权的原则 ,直接侵权与间接侵权的关系及间接侵权与共同侵权的不同点。在此基础上 ,笔者进一步论证了立法中规定间接侵权的必要性     

论道德主体及主体性

道德主体及主体性的深入探讨对我国社会主义精神文明和现代化建设具有重大的现实意义,是构建社会主义道德规范和体系的重要途径。当前,为了实现中华民族的伟大复兴,必须高扬社会主义道德的主体性,完善、发展社会主义道德新风尚,净化党风,净化社会风气,提高全民族的道德意识。在民族优秀道德基础上,融合社会主义市场经济的客观要求,确立具有时代特色的邓小平道德范式。     

公安机关执法主体资格研究

作为具有刑事执法和行政执法职能的公安机关,其工作的核心和根本是执法。公安工作有没有进步,公安机关控制社会面和遏制犯罪的整体作战能力有没有增强,公安队伍的整体素质、作风形象有没有明显提高,最终都要通过公安机关的执法质量的高低体现出来。公安执法质量的提高关键在民警的素质。主办警官制就是探索出的一种有利于规范执法的新机制。     

医疗纠纷法医学鉴定质量评价模型的建立

目的建立医疗纠纷法医学鉴定质量评价模型。方法收集同济医学院法医学系近10年410例涉及医疗纠纷的法医学鉴定的案例,对影响医疗纠纷法医学鉴定质量的10个关键指标,运用SAS软件进行了主成分分析。结果通过统计学分析,筛选出6个能反映所有原指标变量主要信息的主成分,并依此结果推算出评价法医学系医疗纠纷的鉴定质量评价模型。结论在建立“医疗纠纷鉴定质量管理体系”时,应按影响鉴定质量的主成分设计相应的对策。     

Quantification of Maxillary Dental Arcade Curvature and the Estimation of Biological Ancestry in Forensic Anthropology

Previous studies suggest that palate shape is a useful indicator of biological ancestry in human remains. This study evaluates interobserver error in ancestry estimation using palate shape and explores palate shape variation in Gullah (descendants of West Africans) and Seminole (Indigenous American) population samples using geometric morphometric analysis. Ten participants were asked to ascribe biological ancestry and shape to 28 dental casts based on a classification scheme employed in previous studies. The mean correct classification was 42.0%, indicating that the likelihood of assigning the correct ancestry is very poor and not significantly different from random assignment (p = 0.12). The accuracy analysis based on categorical classification of the casts was complemented by geometric morphometric analysis of nine 3D landmarks reflecting palate shape of 158 casts. Principal component analysis results show no difference between populations regarding palate shape, and cross‐validated discriminant function analysis correctly classified only 62.0% of the specimens. Combined, these results show that previous methods to estimate ancestry are inaccurate and that this inaccuracy is probably due to a lack of palate shape differences between groups, rather than limitation of the analytical method per se. Therefore, we recommend caution should be used when choosing to apply the analysis of palate shape in forensically relevant contexts.     

Multivariate Classification of Original and Fake Perfumes by Ion Analysis and Ethanol Content

The increased marketing of fake perfumes has encouraged us to investigate how to identify such products by their chemical characteristics and multivariate analysis. The aim of this study was to present an alternative approach to distinguish original from fake perfumes by means of the investigation of sodium, potassium, chloride ions, and ethanol contents by chemometric tools. For this, 50 perfumes were used (25 original and 25 counterfeit) for the analysis of ions (ion chromatography) and ethanol (gas chromatography). The results demonstrated that the fake perfume had low levels of ethanol and high levels of chloride compared to the original product. The data were treated by chemometric tools such as principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. This study proved that the analysis of ethanol is an effective method of distinguishing original from the fake products, and it may potentially be used to assist legal authorities in such cases.