'Perspiration' vs 'Inspiration' in Asian Industrialisation: Indonesia Before the Crisis

This article examines trends in and determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) in 28 manufacturing industries in Indonesia over the period 1975-93. The reforms of the mid-1980s appeared to have resulted in a significant acceleration of TFP growth. Among the inter-industry determinants of TFP growth, trade policy and orientation, domestic competitive pressures and ownership factors are singled out for scrutiny. The trade regime and one measure of domestic competition emerge as consistently important explanatory factors.     

Viability of Municipal Companies in the Provision of Urban Infrastructure Services

This article discusses the organisational and institutional model of municipal company in the provision of urban infrastructure services in Portugal. The law recently enacted which defined the legal regime for the local business sector, as well as the growing awareness that the new public management models represent great advantages in comparison with the bureaucratic ones that characterise the traditional public administration, make this a current and relevant issue. For the purpose of investigating the viability of this provision model, this research encompasses three complementary analyses. First, the results obtained from a nationwide questionnaire on the features of municipal companies are analysed. Second, a SWOT matrix is constructed to examine the model of municipal company and, third, the total factor productivity (TFP) of these organisations is determined using the index number theory, in order to evaluate their performance and compare it with that of the traditional bureaucratic models. Although the concept of municipal company is based on noble principles and, in theory, it shows advantages compared to other means of service provision, this research points to very negative results regarding the model and leads to the conclusion that the aimed benefits are not achieved in Portugal. There are many causes contributing to this effect, but the political patronage of these companies and the lack of technical competence are presumably two of the most significant ones.     

扩大公民参与 推进社会管理创新

社会管理创新的根本动力来源于广大人民群众的广泛参与和积极支持,扩大公民参与是实现社会管理创新的逻辑前提。当前,我国公民参与社会管理受到观念、制度、组织和信息等诸多方面的制约,为此,扩大公民参与必须积极培育和塑造公民的参与意识和自治精神,不断提高人民群众参与社会管理的主动性和积极性;加强和完善制度建设,为人民群众广泛参与社会管理提供可靠的制度保障;进一步拓宽参与渠道,提高公民参与社会管理的组织化和规范化水平;积极构建公民有序参与的公共平台,不断激发公民参与社会管理的自主活力。     

削弱高校反腐倡廉制度绩效的因素及对策

在制度反腐的时代背景下,高校反腐倡廉建设在取得成绩的同时,仍然存在反腐倡廉制度绩效偏低的情况,直接体现为高校腐败形势的严峻性和反腐败任务的艰巨性,因此提高反腐倡廉制度绩效具有十分重要的现实意义。从制度绩效的视角来看,反腐倡廉制度绩效偏低的影响因素主要是反腐倡廉制度对高校权力制约的不足与外部环境的不良诱惑共同作用降低了制度执行力,进而导致制度功能丧失或低效。因此,要提升反腐倡廉制度绩效需要以体系建设为重点建立健全反腐倡廉的各项制度,以权力制约为核心增强反腐倡廉制度的执行力,以廉洁文化为主题营造反腐倡廉制度运行的良好环境。     

中国农业上市公司竞争力评价实证研究

农业经济是国民经济的基础,农业上市公司则是农业发展中的方向。本文选取了我国沪深两市证交所50家农业上市公司作为样本公司,运用因子分析法对样本公司的竞争力进行综合评价和分层评价,并对评价结果进行分析。综合评价结果表明,农产品加工行业的农业上市公司综合竞争能力较强,而农副产品和食品饮料行业竞争力相对较弱。进一步分层评价结果表明,综合竞争能力较强的农业上市公司,生存竞争力和发展竞争力却并不一定都强。     

论学者型教师的核心品质——基于中学教师视角的因素分析

在9名中学优秀教师预访谈的基础上,自编调查问卷,面向普通中学教师,采取分层整群抽样方法,对"学者型教师"的素养品质进行了实证调查,调查具有较高信度.对调查数据进行因素分析的结果表明:绝大多数中学教师认同"学者型教师"这一称谓,认为现代中小学教师应当也完全可能成为"学者型教师".而"学者型教师"的素养品质是一个由教育智慧、独立思想、教育知能和专业精神共同建构的"四维一体"的整体,其中最为核心的品质是具有独立思想和反思批判的精神,这也是"学者型教师"魅力所在.     

略论情感因素对高职学生英语学习的影响

情感因素对外语的教学和学习具有非常重要的影响.要提高英语学习成效,其学生的动机、态度、兴趣等情感因素的积极参与是不可或缺的.通过问卷形式对影响英语学习因素的调查表明:情感因素对高职学生英语学习的影响较大,同时教师的引导作用也至关重要.故此,要提升高职英语的教学效果,不仅要对学生的情感需求进行研究,还需把课堂变成满足学生需求、帮助他们学会学习英语的愉悦场所.     

Development and Validation of the Adolescent Racial and Ethnic Socialization Scale (ARESS) in African American Families

Racial and ethnic socialization are an integral part of African American parenting strategies. Varied conceptualizations and operationalizations of racial and ethnic socialization exist within the literature with limited evidence of the validity of existing measures. The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive definition of racial and ethnic socialization and to validate a new measure termed the Adolescent Racial and Ethnic Socialization Scale (ARESS). Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), findings from 218 African American adolescents (grades 9–12) support the multidimensional nature of racial and ethnic socialization. Results also indicate that racial and ethnic socialization are distinct constructs reflecting the utility of this instrument for African American youth.

大学生人生态度结构及量表统计分析

大学生人生态度的心理结构主要包括人生认知评价、人生情感体验和生活方式倾向三个层面。其中,人生认知评价包括追求生存中的利益满足、求得发展中的精神满足、为他人和社会服务三个因素维度;人生情感体验包括乐观情绪、矛盾混合型与悲观情绪三个因素维度;生活方式倾向包括积极奋进、松弛平和与消极退避三个因素维度。     

论引发未成年人犯罪的因素

未成年人犯罪是世界各国均面临的一个突出的严重社会问题。无论是经济发达国家还是发展中国家,未成年人犯罪都处于不断增长的状态中。我国未成年人犯罪正日益集中在一些严重犯罪中,且有犯罪低龄化、团伙化、暴力化、类型多样化、少女犯罪迅速增长、涉毒犯罪日益严重等趋势。预防和矫正未成年人犯罪已引起社会的广泛关注。然而预防和矫治未成年人犯罪,必须从根本问题入手,研究引发未成年人犯罪的因素即是解决这一根本问题的需要。