“非正式行政行为”概念界定——兼“非强制行政行为”评析

作为行政指导、行政合同等行为的上位概念,"非强制行政行为"从提出到广泛引用一直缺乏学理论证。实质上这一概念本身的存在意义及其科学性是存有质疑的,在"新公共服务理论"背景之下其更加显露。相反,"非正式行政行为"则在语义上更具科学性、内容上更具全面性和功能上更具现实性。     

乡绅之治与国家权力——以明清时期中国乡村社会为背景

明清时期中国乡村社会背景下的权力结构及其变迁一直为中外学界所关注。乡绅几乎是所有相关研究都无法绕开的关键一环。本文从以往学者对乡绅的不同理解出发,揭示乡绅所具有的权力要素与国家权力之间的紧密关系。探求在国家正式权力对乡村社会的控制力逐渐弱化的前提下,乡绅之治的生成路径。在中国封建社会后期独特的国家与社会的场域中,揭示乡绅之治与国家权力之间的内在联系,即一方面,乡绅之治是国家权力在乡村治理中的延伸;另一方面,乡绅之治是乡村社会防御国家权力的屏障。乡绅之治以保守的姿态,而不是革命的情绪,最终向专制主义国家争得了一个相对自治的乡村社会。     

行政诉讼中原告的举证责任

证据规定中原告的举证责任内涵模糊不清,建议确立结果责任意义上的举证责任原则。证明标准的缺失加剧了举证责任的不确定,建议区分起诉人的初步证明责任和原告的举证责任。证据规定遗漏了因事实行为引发的行政赔偿诉讼中原告的举证责任,建议增补完善。原告对某些程序性事实应承担举证责任。     

非正式行政行为的内涵——基于比较法视角的初步展开

非正式行政行为的概念在我国学术界有被混淆和误用的现象,迫切需要比较法意义上的澄清。在对抗主义程序观盛行的关国,对抗性要素是否充分,是界分行为正式与非正式的基准;受形式法治主义观影响,日本采取"是否超越立法授权"的分析路径;受法效意思和行为形式论影响的德国,倾向于用"欠缺法律形式"来界定非正式行政行为的内涵。了解其不同内涵旨趣和形成机理,对我国的概念建构和展开这一新型课题的研究具有一定的启发意义。     

The effect of informal industry contacts on the time university scientists allocate to collaborative research with industry

We ask whether informal interactions between university and industry scientists result in collaborative research. Using data from a national survey of tenured and tenure-track scientists and engineers in U.S. research extensive universities, we demonstrate that university scientists’ informal interactions with private sector companies increase both the likelihood and intensity of collaborative research with industry.

论加强出入境中介管理的措施

出入境中介是一个新兴的产业,出入境中介的良性发展对构建和谐社会有积极的推动作用。但是出入境中介行业的兴起不过数年,各种相关法律、法规、行规都不完善,在出入境中介的管理上不可避免地存在着一些问题,影响了出入境市场秩序的稳定。我们必须采取相关措施来切实加强出入境中介的管理,鼓励正规中介机构的发展,打击非法中介活动,建立健全各项法律法规,完善出入境中介管理体制,切实维护人民群众的合法利益,维护社会的和谐稳定。     

Urban governance and multilateral aid organizations: The case of informal water supply systems

This paper explores the different urban governance models proposed by multilateral aid organizations in accessing water through informal supply systems, to assess the rationale and the guiding principles at the basis of their different ‘governance approaches’. There can be no doubt that most developing countries are now experiencing a rapid and unprecedented urban growth, which is bringing about a rising demand for urban services, especially those concerning water supply. To cope with this pressing issue, the response of multilateral aid organizations—such as the World Bank, UN-HABITAT and the European Union––has been represented by the design and implementation of different urban governance and management systems, called to support an equitable and efficient access to urban water supply services. This paper focuses on the different urban governance approaches through which multilateral donors support informal networks and small scale providers to provide water supply in cities of developing countries. It highlights how these different urban governance approaches address the overall issues of poverty reduction whilst in reality, in certain cases, they also aim to affect and regulate domestic public policies of Third World countries. In particular, it argues that the governance model proposed––and imposed––by the World Bank continues to belong to a neo-liberal policy agenda, which considers water and urban services as commodities to be managed through widespread competition and market mechanisms. On the contrary, UN-HABITAT, and the European Union to a certain extent, highlight the need for an urban governance system that promotes the ownership of development strategies by local communities and that rests on the principles of inclusiveness and equity.

党内法规作为新时代中国法学新范畴论纲

将党内法规纳入中国特色社会主义法治体系,使党内法规成为一个重要的法治概念,彰显了中国特色社会主义法治的政理、法理与实践逻辑,是习近平法治思想中最具原创性的理论之一,是中国共产党以法治思维和法治方式进行自我革命、全面从严治党的有力体现。在建党一百年的重大历史节点,应该旗帜鲜明地将党内法规作为新时代中国法学的新范畴,理直气壮地将中国共产党依法执政之"法"作为新时代中国法学的研究对象。这是法学领域贯彻习近平法治思想的必然要求,是落实中国哲学社会科学时代使命的必然要求,是培养新时代法治人才后备力量的必然要求。中国法学界应深刻把握党内法规作为新时代中国法学新范畴的变革性意义,积极将党内法规融入中国特色社会主义法学话语体系,积极推动党内法规学理研究和人才培养事业大发展。     

谈治安管理处罚法的实用性

治安管理处罚条例的修改引起了社会的极大关注。治安管理处罚法与治安管理处罚条例相比,新法与民众的关系更加密切,处罚的范围扩大,处罚的种类增多,罚款的幅度大幅提高,进一步加强了执法监督和注重对公民基本权利的保障,更具人性化,其执行和处罚更加实用。     

《劳动合同法》修改建议

在对《劳动合同法》的修改中，应对劳务派遣单位和劳务派遣用工实行严格限制；进一步强化劳动者权益保障条款；吸收《劳动合同法实施条例》中成熟合理的部分；增加有利于用人单位合理经营、健康发展的内容；并对部分条款表述作必要的调整。