不起诉决定权限制的制度逻辑与改良

我国检察机关行使的不起诉决定权受到检察系统的内部限制和外部监督机构的限制,该限制符合检察机关司法角色、规范设置、制度管理方面的逻辑要求。在我国刑事司法已经呈现出向＂精密司法＂方面发展的趋势时,为了保护人权,分流刑事案件,应当扩张不起诉决定权的行使。为了保障不起诉决定权的正当行使,应当在不起诉决定程序的制度化、公开化、公平化方面进行改良。     

地方政府竞争中的制度创新及异化分析

我国地方政府在政府竞争的压力之下,起着政治企业家的作用,进行了诸如产权制度变革、行政审批制度改革以及地方公共物品供给制度改革等制度创新行为。但行政性分权的非制度性和非稳定性,法律约束机制的缺失以及中央政府宏观调控式微等制度安排中的缺陷导致了地方政府制度创新中的悖论,地方政府在政府竞争中以曲解规则、补充文件等异化的制度创新行为和方式来理解和贯彻国家的法律法规和上级要求实施的制度规则,以求满足自身利益的最大化。     

行政规定变迁中的信赖利益保护研究

在转型期的中国,行政规定的变迁不可避免,其变迁的情形也可谓多种多样.行政规定是否可以适用信赖保护原则,应基于其变迁的具体情形、行政规定的不同性质等因素加以考量.进一步,在信赖保护原则的具体适用要件上也不同于具体行政行为的变动;妥当的公告、制定过渡条款等方式可能更适宜于行政规定变迁所引发的信赖保护问题.更为重要的制度性因...     

近年来关于我国民主政治发展的路径依赖问题研究综述

近年来，围绕我国民主政治发展的路径依赖问题，学者们从民主政治建设的马克思主义当代中国化角度、政治制度变迁角度、行政体制改革角度、党内民主发展及监督制度角度、政治参与等不同的视角进行了较为广泛的理论探讨。在此基础上，从制度变迁的路径依赖原理的解读和阐述，对于我国政治发展的路径依赖特征及其性质的认识，我国民主政治发展的路径依赖的具体表现，我国民主政治发展的路径依赖的对策选择及我国民主政治发展的路径依赖启示等方面对以往的研究做一梳理，便于今后进一步的深入研究。     

Methodological debate in poverty studies: towards ‘participatory qual–quant’?

Compared with the divisive views of the past, integrative thinking has recently come to characterise the methodological debate on poverty. ‘Qualitative vs quantitative’ has given way to ‘qual–quant’; ‘cross-disciplinarity’ has replaced ‘economics vs anthropology’. This article attempts to review this change. It begins with a historical overview of the pure economic approach to poverty and its critique. The critique, both from within economics and from the participatory and anthropological disciplines, is examined, and recent trends are considered. The current ‘qual–quant’ approach is illustrated with examples, and the author concludes that the future may well see the emergence of a ‘participatory qual–quant’ approach.     

The lost 1990s? Personal reflections on a history of participatory technology development

This article traces a history of agricultural participatory research, largely from the author's personal experience. Participatory research in the 1970s was mostly led by disciplinary scientists, and characterised by innovative activities and open academic debate, with some recognition that policy and development practice was a political process. The 1980s saw a shift to learning from past experience, and a participatory mainstream developed, seeking methods for scaling up. Meanwhile, others sought to understand and influence policy and institutional change in their political and cultural contexts, and to keep open the academic debates. The author considers the 1990s as ‘lost years’, during which mainstream participatory practitioners became inward-looking development generalists, not so interested in learning from others outside their paradigm. The late 2000s provide a chance to re-recognise the political and cultural embeddedness of science and technology; re-introduce strong, widely based disciplines; and learn from past activities that resulted in positive development outcomes (planned or unplanned).     

思想道德教学新方法初探

改革开放以来社会发生的重大变化,强有力地冲击着当代大学生传统的思想道德观念,影响其行为选择。作为整个思想道德教育体系的核心和主干的高校“两课”教师,必须研究这些新变化,探讨教学新方法。     

Operationalising participatory research and farmer-to-farmer extension: the Kamayoq in Peru

While rural poverty is endemic in the Andean region, structural adjustment programmes have led to a dismemberment of agricultural research and extension services so that they are unable to serve the needs of smallholder farmers. The NGO Practical Action has been working in the Andes to address farmers' veterinary and agriculture needs. The work has included the training of farmer-to-farmer extension agents, known locally as Kamayoq. The Kamayoq have encouraged farmer participatory research, and local farmers pay them for their veterinary and crop advisory services in cash or in kind. The Kamayoq model is largely an unsubsidised approach to the provision of appropriate technical services and encouragement of farmer participation. The model also illustrates that, in the context of encouraging farmer participation and innovation, NGOs have advantages over research organisations because of their long-term presence, ability to establish trust with local farmers, and their emphasis on social and community processes.     

Operationalising participatory research and gender analysis: new research and assessment approaches

Participatory research approaches are increasingly popular with scientists working for poverty alleviation, sustainable rural development, and social change. This introduction offers an overview of the special issue of Development in Practice on the theme of ‘operationalising participatory research and gender analysis’. The purpose of this special issue is to add value to the discussion of methodological, practical, philosophical, political, and institutional issues involved in using gender-sensitive participatory methods. Drawing on 16 articles, we place some of the main issues, empirical experiences, and debates in participatory research and participatory technology development in the context of implementation, evaluation, and institutionalisation of participatory research and evaluation approaches.     

在世博安保工作中深化“问计于民、求策于民”将惠民思想贯穿于公安工作始终

在社会治安压力增大、社会矛盾凸显、社会维稳形势错综复杂、公安工作任务艰巨繁重的形势下,基层公安机关必须迅速转变工作理念和方法,学会"有困难找群众",学会"问计于民、求策于民"。面对当前存在的"群众难发动"、"时间难保证"、"合作难开展"的"三难"现象,要对"问计于民、求策于民"的渠道和方法加强调研,采取在宣传发动群众上走"专业化"之路、在落实具体工作上走"专项化"之路、在寻求社会合作上走"机制化"之路的警民合作方法,有力推动警民沟通,加强警社合作,大力夯实公安基层基础工作,促进公安工作的长远可持续发展。