The Rise of Citizen Groups within the Administration and Parliament in Switzerland

This research note presents three newly interconnected and expanded datasets on interest groups’ (IGs) access to the Swiss political decision‐making process: (1) extra‐parliamentary committee seats occupied by IGs (1980, 2000, 2010), (2) parliamentary (committee) seats occupied by IG representatives (1992‐2015), and (3) consultation replies submitted by IGs (2008‐11). We show that the Swiss system of interest intermediation adapted to the multiplication and organizational consolidation of citizen groups, which defend non‐producer interests and do not provide selective benefits to their members (e.g. environmental groups). The share of access granted to citizen groups has increased in both the administration and parliament, across all federal departments and most legislative committees. Moreover, citizen groups benefit from a larger share of access in the recently revitalized parliament, compared to the administration. This suggests that economic groups’ decline in power is also related to the rise of citizen groups.     

David and Goliath in the poll booth: group size,political power and voter turnout

ABSTRACT

This article analyses how the presence of a dominant group of voters within the electorate affects voter turnout. Theoretically, we argue that its absolute size affects turnout via increased free-riding incentives and reduced social pressure to vote within a larger dominant group. Its relative size compared to other groups within the electorate influences turnout through instrumental and expressive responses – in both the dominant and dominated groups – to the degree of electoral competition between groups. Empirical evidence from a large cross section of German municipalities is in line with these theoretical predictions. The observed effects should be taken into account when redesigning electoral jurisdictions through, for instance, municipal mergers or gerrymandering.     

跨文化视野下台湾原住民的族群认知与“族称”

台湾原住民的“族称”演变,是两千年来以“汉番（原汉）”关系为主轴的跨文化互动与认知的反映。由于台湾原住民缺乏本民族自身的文献历史,族群历史的被动记忆保留在异文化的文本中,从汉唐宋明时期“化外”接触中的“夷”、“番”,清代“理番教化”中的“生（野）番”与“熟（化）番”,日据时代“皇民化蕃政”下的“生蕃”与“高砂族”九族,光复以来“山地行政”下的“山胞”十族,从笼统、概括的“统称”到各族群的识别与相应“族称”,都是它文化视野下的认知符号。最近一段时期以来,“原住民运动”过程中“正名”的“原住民”十四族,则潜伏着来自原住民族群以外的“台独”政治用力。     

论中等收入群体发育的社会条件

我国当前中等收入群体发育的社会条件主要有：产业结构的变迁是中等收入群体发育的社会结构基础;以市场为取向的改革是中等收入群体发育的社会内在机理;现代教育,尤其是现代高等教育的发展是中等收入群体发育的直接“引擎”。     

国外应对弱势群体社会公平问题的现代实践与启示

伴随世界政治文明的进步和发展,各国循由不同的实践路径走向公平正义,取得了许多成功的实践经验,也不乏失败的教训。这些经验和教训,对于我国积极和有效应对当前及今后一段时间内凸显的弱势群体社会公平问题,全面实现"十二五"规划提出的今后五年"顺应各族人民过上更好生活新期待"、"保障和改善民生"、"坚定不移走共同富裕道路,使发展成果惠及全体人民"等战略构想,无疑具有重要的实践借鉴和启迪意义。     

美国的“网络自由”战略及其对策

为了操控国际互联网政治传播，关国政府制定和执行一整套“网络自由”战略。所谓的关式“网络自由”是美国国家利益的网络延伸，是美式民主、人权和美国霸权主义在虚拟世界的扩张和体现。美国的“网络自由”战略由理念输出、资金支持、技术研发和组织运作等几个方面构成。要深入揭示美式“网络自由”的虚伪和危害，加强应对美式“网络自由”的综合能力，不断提升对互联网和虚拟社会的管理水平。     

社会计量在小组工作教学中的应用

小组工作教学与传统的教学方式不同。社会计量是检测团体动力的方法,在小组工作教学中有多种运用方式。在小组工作教学中,适当运用社会计量,既能促进班级同学的人际互动,又能让学生在体验中掌握专业方法。     

深化班组建设须坚持＂专严新实＂四字方针

金耀集团在班组建设中，坚持了“专严新实”四字方针，即把握重点，突出一个“专”字；量化考核，突出一个“严”字；展现特色，突出一个“新”字；注重效果，突出一个“实”字，其做法收到了很好的效果。     

Age-Period-Cohort analysis: A design-based approach

This paper develops a design-based approach to identifying cohort effects in APC analyses. Cohort effects arise when one cohort is treated by a unique set of formative socialization experiences, which causes it to differ from other cohorts in relevant outcomes. APC analyses typically compare treated and untreated cohorts from a single population. Our approach introduces a second group—a control group, in which no unit is treated but that is otherwise similar to the first—and adapts difference-in-differences estimation to the APC framework. The approach yields two identification strategies, each based on transparent and testable assumptions. We illustrate how the method works and what is to be gained through three examples.     

论中国共产党成立初期的领袖群体

改革开放以来,中国又一次发生了天翻地覆的变化,这与中国共产党建党初期就有的植根于中国大地的领袖群体直接相关。这个群体以天下为己任,献身于真理的追求;热爱劳动人民,密切联系人民群众;融合马克思主义与中国实际、中华精神为一体并在实践进程中不断推向前进。