政府在食品安全监管中的职能转变与策略选择——基于北京市场的案例调研

基于对我国食品安全监管现状的认识,本文提出了以政府为主导的食品安全控制体系向以企业为主导的食品安全保证体系的发展方向;以农产品批发市场为例,通过案例调研进一步阐述传统监管体系在实际运行中存在的问题及转变政府职能的必要性,如监管重复化、程式化和低效率,市场执行效果不好,抽检规范化、标准化和信息追溯可信度低等;并通过博弈模型分析政府和企业(市场)进行食品安全监管和控制的行为决策过程,找出通过政府职能的转变而促使企业从"反应型食品安全监管"向"自主型食品安全监管"转变的关键所在与有效路径,为提升我国食品安全监管效率、创新食品安全监管模式提供思路。     

贵州实施工业强省战略的制度约束及对策

贵州制度创新滞后,成为实施工业强省战略的制度约束,因而亟待在行政管理体制方面进行创新,其主要目标是建立公共服务体制。为保证地方政府制度创新顺利推进和整体效能,还应在制度规划和创新方式上注意三个问题：正式制度创新与非正式制度创新并重;核心制度创新与配套制度创新相结合;自创式制度创新与借鉴式制度创新兼顾。     

涉农产业发展的国际比较研究

涉农产业是一个涵盖农业投入、农业生产、农产品加工和流通的产业体系.涉农产业发展具有显著的阶段性特征,随着经济发展水平的提高,涉农产业在国民经济中的重要性趋于稳定,且涉农产业价值链的延伸趋于均衡;涉农产业产品与非涉农产业产品收入弹性的差异、以及涉农产业内部不同产品收入弹性的差异,是影响农产品加工和流通部门发展的主要因素;...     

信息社会警务公关危机及应对策略

信息社会中,公安机关成为媒体关注的焦点,这给警务公安带来了严峻的挑战。面对这种挑战,公安机关出现与媒体关系处理不当,反应迟缓、警察形象受到挑战等被动反应。公安机关应做到,全面认知、客观分析形势;创新设备应对机制;巧妙表达公安工作;高效运作。     

缅甸局势及其对中国安全战略的影响

缅甸政府在军人执政22年后,改文官为主组成新政府,22个政党中有17个为少数民族党派,这些党派大部分生存于中缅边界,组成人员大多与中国华人血脉相连,无论从政府、经济、人文、民族甚至习俗都不可分割。本文从缅甸局势对中国安全战略的不稳定因素及影响做分析并提出对策。     

论环境新闻传播对社会发展的功能

环境新闻具有广泛性、冲突性、刺激性、相关性、复杂性等特性,对社会发展起着不可替代的积极影响。环境新闻的社会功能主要体现在扩大认知视野、守卫环境生态、增强情感交流、提高思想教育、凸显经济价值、产生审美愉悦等方面。我国的环境报道在重视长期效应、拓展题材领域、强调内容科学等方面都还存有不足,尚待改进提升,以更好地发挥其应有的作用。     

中国政府人力资源开发及其战略

中国是世界上人口最多的国家,人才强国战略是当今中国政府明智的决策。然而如何实现这一战略,关键在于中国政府的人力资源开发战略定位及其开发体系的建立,在于如何把人口资源转化为人力资源与人才资源。因此,本文主要回答什么是中国政府人力资源开发,中国政府为什么要进行人力资源开发,中国政府应该构建什么样的人力资源开发战略体系。     

The maquiladora electronics industry on Mexico’s northern border and the environment

The electronic sector, in particular, the computing industry, has become an increasing concern because of the environmental impact of its products throughout their life cycle. The United States, Europe and Japan as the greatest consumers of electronic goods have given special attention to this issue. The fast computer obsolescence and its difficult confinement, because of the hazardous substances contained, have required a special effort of technical innovation. Nevertheless, this effort seems to respond mainly to the standards required by the countries in which these goods are produced, consumed and confined, which are radically different in developed and developing countries. Though an important part of the production process (assembling) is done in developing countries, little attention has been paid to the environmental quality at this production stage. This study examines the environmental problems and strategy of the electronic assembly industry in the three northern border cities of Mexico. Almost half of 200 electronic maquiladora enterprises surveyed had not undertaken any active environmental policy and there was a limited environmental standards enforcement. Evidence was found that the firms that had operated for a longer period of time had better chances of taking better care of the environment. Environmental firm policies became weaker as one descended from the head office to the subsidiaries and then to their suppliers. It is also found that some transnational corporations operate with double standards in Mexico and thus strong national policies on environmental standards in Mexico are required to change this practice.

Open source software (OSS) governance in the organisation

Going into the century's second decade, Open Source Software (OSS) is ubiquitous. But there remains a disconnect between OSS use and its effective management. In order to ensure that OSS is used in a way which complies with relevant licence requirements and reduces risk (for example, of adverse action from the OSS community and IP leakage through unintended application of the ‘copyleft’ terms of the GPL2); organisations should consider putting in place an effective OSS governance mechanism. OSS governance should take account of the people context, seeking to get buy-in from all stakeholder groups inside and outside the organisation. The high-level OSS strategy should then be agreed between the stakeholders, consistently with other statements of operational strategy. The next level down is the OSS policy statement, which should be clear, brief, event-driven, able to settle 80% of OSS decisions arising day to day and set out what information is to be collected and tracked. Finally, appropriate processes should be put in place to take the strain of OSS governance. Organisations should consider appointing an Open Source Compliance Officer and acquiring a software based indicator tool enabling a number of key governance processes (code review, setting agreed ‘do's and dont's’) to be automated.     

论后金融危机时代金融监管国际合作的组织机制——全球金融集体安全机制构建思考之一

金融全球化呼唤金融监管国际合作,而金融监管国际合作需要国际金融监管组织。鉴于目前的国际社会结构,国际金融监管组织只能是国家间组织,而非超国家组织。由于现有的国际金融组织都不足以担当金融监管国际合作的历史使命,国际社会需要创建一个全新的国际金融监管组织。这一全新的国际金融监管组织应该具有以下组织形态特征:第一,它应该是一个全球性的、开放性的、专门性的、政府间的金融监管组织;第二,它应该是一个能够凸显国际关系民主化的金融监管组织;第三,它应该是一个具有横向综合监管职能的金融监管组织。