On the joint use of licensing and liability

Licensing is a widely used technique applied to impose regulations. Firms inducing harm must hold a license issued by a regulatory agency on a case-by-case basis. A firm may also be subject to liability. This paper studies the implications on social welfare of combining licensing with strict liability. Contributions include the study of a joint use and related administrative costs. The latter include costs pertaining to litigation and the issuing and enforcing of licenses. It is established when a joint use is motivated. Regulatory compliance should protect from liability in order to decrease litigation and enforcement costs and associated distortions.     

论侵犯商业秘密犯罪

通过对侵犯商业秘密犯罪的犯罪形态和共同犯罪问题的研究分析，认为从犯罪构成的角度看。该罪存在着犯罪未遂的形态。同时，结合司法实践，就该罪中共同犯罪的定罪量刑问题进行了探讨。     

医疗纠纷诉讼的证明责任研究

因医疗纠纷引起的诉讼与其他类型的民事诉讼有着很大的差异。因医疗行为引起的侵权诉讼,实行证明责任倒置；因医疗行为引起的违约诉讼,因为侵权与违约竟合,多按侵权诉讼分配证明责任；因医疗器械或医用商品引起的诉讼,按产品质量责任分配证明责任；因社会化的服务引起的诉讼,按合同责任分配证明责任。     

关于公安机关应对危机舆情的思考

现阶段,我国正处于改革的攻坚期、发展的黄金期和矛盾的凸显期,公安机关面临的危机舆情时有发生。公安机关危机舆情具有突发性、破坏性、紧迫性的显著特点。因此,公安机关应及时掌握社会舆情动态,主动采取应对策略,以有效处置公安机关危机舆情,从而牢牢把握公安舆论工作的主动权。     

Securities laws ‘facilitating’ private enforcement

La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes, and Shleifer (J Financ 61:1–32, 2006) (LLS) have undertaken an empirical analysis, making a critical but somewhat provocative proposition that “securities laws ‘facilitating’ private enforcement, rather than providing for public enforcement, benefit the securities market.” After briefly providing a theoretical connection to the existing law and economics literature, I attempt to empirically advance this LLS proposition two-fold, particularly on the ‘joint use of regulation and the liability rule,’ by exploring the most meaningful word ‘facilitate’ therein. Firstly, I explore the cross-country LLS data associated with the specific case of an initial public offering to seek possibly more solid evidence on the facilitating effect. Secondly, motivated by LLS, I pursue a within-country positive analysis, regarding the major determinants of the joint use, but across overall harmful activities covered in the Korean Securities Law. The major tenet underscoring this second empirical exploration was the clear message from the existing theoretical literature that the joint use should be adopted in a selective manner even within a single substantive statute, because it usually governs vastly different harmful activities. Finally, I call for some essential research agenda, prior to approving the ineffectiveness of public enforcement claimed in the second part of the LLS proposition.

校园人身伤害赔偿案件中保险公司的诉讼地位和赔偿责任

作为校方责任险一方的保险公司在校园人身伤害赔偿案件中的诉讼地位和赔偿责任与其在交通事故损害赔偿案件中的诉讼地位和赔偿责任有本质不同。     

关于《海峡两岸共同打击犯罪及司法互助协议》的法律解读

海峡两岸司法互助经历了曲折的过程。《海峡两岸共同打击犯罪及司法互助协议》的签订对推动两岸司法互助具有重要的法律价值和意义。与之前两岸签订的有关法律文本相较,该协议文本内容规定的司法互助具有综合性、制度化和去政治化的特点。协议的签订并不意味着两岸司法互助步入法律正轨,协议的性质及其内容本身的筒约性,两岸不同的法律文化和诉讼制度,以及台湾的政治格局都将构成对协议内容实现的诸多障碍。应关注协议签订后的两岸后续行为,以促成协议内容的法律化,推动两岸司法互助的发展。     

Automated consent through privacy agents: Legal requirements and technical architecture

The changes imposed by new information technologies, especially pervasive computing and the Internet, require a deep reflection on the fundamental values underlying privacy and the best way to achieve their protection. The explicit consent of the data subject, which is a cornerstone of most data protection regulations, is a typical example of requirement which is very difficult to put into practice in the new world of “pervasive computing” where many data communications necessarily occur without the users' notice. In this paper, we argue that an architecture based on “Privacy Agents” can make privacy rights protection more effective, provided however that this architecture meets a number of legal requirements to ensure the validity of consent delivered through such Privacy Agents. We first present a legal analysis of consent considering successively (1) its nature; (2) its essential features (qualities and defects) and (3) its formal requirements. Then we draw the lessons of this legal analysis for the design of a valid architecture based on Privacy Agents. To conclude, we suggest an implementation of this architecture proposed in a multidisciplinary project involving lawyers and computer scientists.     

医疗机构在医药产品侵权中的责任研究——以中外对比研究为重点

由于医药产品在医疗活动得到了广泛应用,医药产品侵权问题也成为一个热点问题。世界各国对医疗机构在有缺陷的医药产品侵权中是否承担责任以及如何承担责任主要有两种做法：一是,医疗机构作为医疗服务的提供者不承担产品责任,而由产品的生产者和销售者按照严格责任原则承担产品责任。这一做法以英国和美国为代表。二是,医疗机构通过提供医药产品获得经济,其行为性质与销售无异,因而与产品的生产者、销售者按照严格责任原则承担连带责任。这一种做法以欧盟为代表。笔者认为,我国《侵权责任法》采第二种做法。本文采用共同侵权的连带责任原理对《侵权责任法》的相关规定进行分析。连带责任产生外部法律效果和内部法律效果。就外部法律效果而言,对医疗机构和生产者同时适用产品责任的严格责任原则,患者既可以向生产者请求赔偿,也可向医疗机构请求赔偿。就内部法律效果而言,对医疗机构和生产者分别适用过错原则和产品责任的严格责任原则,即医疗机构在经患者请求赔偿其损害后,如果对医药产品的缺陷没有过错,可以向生产者追偿。我国《侵权责任法》的规定在倾斜保护患者利益的同时,有可能产生负面影响。医疗机构应当积极应对。     

侵权责任法的中国特色

我国侵权责任法不仅批判性借鉴了两大法系在法制发展史中形成的先进经验,更是对我国近几十年来侵权立法、司法和理论发展经验的总结和发展,其诸多具体制度彰显了鲜明的中国特色。深入揭示侵权责任法的中国特色和立法经验,有助于为进步一推进我国民法体系化进程提供经验,促进法学理论和实践从继受主导模式向自主创造主导模式转化。