论我国沿边开放城市的区域职能缺失

我国的沿边开放城市(镇),面临着加入WTO、区域经济一体化、西部大开发和东北老工业基地振兴的新形势,表现出以增长极职能和跨国影响职能为主要内容的区域职能缺失。沿边开放城市增长极职能缺失的主要原因是:规模过小、城市体系发育不良、产业链短、交通基础设施不完善;国际影响职能缺失的原因在于:城市在跨境城市体系中能级较低、经济结构单一、支持腹地缺乏、区域经济一体化程度低。为此,策略性调整势在必行,要完成从沿边开放城市到边境地区中心城市的转变,需要实现边境城市的规模扩张、功能发展和城市体系布局合理化。     

Parenting by Cell Phone: Parental Monitoring of Adolescents and Family Relations

Cellular phones provide a means for parents to monitor and request information about whereabouts, associates, and current activities from adolescents. Simultaneously, adolescents can communicate with parents to inform them of activities and to solicit support or they can also choose to nondisclose. The frequency, duration, and nature of calls may relate to parents’ and to adolescents’ perceptions of truthfulness and family relationships. 196 dyads (13% father–son, 11% father–daughter, 30% mother–son, and 46% mother–daughter) completed a questionnaire indicating cell phone use, their truthfulness of activities, the nature of their calls to one another, and family relationships. The parents were, on average, 45.38 years old (SD = 6.35) and were 83% Euroamerican, 9% Asian American, 3% Latino, 3% African American, 2% Mixed ethnicity, and 1% American Indian. The adolescents were, on average, 16.25 years old (SD = 1.17) and were 77% Euroamerican, 9% Asian American, 4% Latino, 3% African American, 8% Mixed ethnicity, and .5% American Indian. Correlational analyses revealed that parents who called more frequently reported less truthfulness when speaking to their adolescents via cell phone. Greater frequency in parental calls also was associated with less adolescent-reported truthfulness. From multiple regression analyses, for parents, calls when upset were associated with less parental knowledge and poorer family relations. For adolescents, the same was true; however, adolescents who made calls seeking social support and to ask and confer with parents reported greater perceived parental knowledge and better family relationships.

Victimization and Relational Aggression in Adolescent Romantic Relationships: The Influence of Parental and Peer Behaviors, and Individual Adjustment

Consistent with the view that adolescent relationships are established in the context of important characteristics of their social networks, we examined the effects of adolescents’ experiences of parenting (psychological control and positive monitoring) and of peer aggression and victimization, on their self reports of dating victimization and aggression. We also examined the effects of individual differences in emotional and behavioral problems. We used questionnaire data from a population-based sample of youth 12–18 years old who were in dating relationships (n = 149). Parental monitoring emerged as a protective factor in reducing both dating victimization and relational aggression. Our findings also point to a significant transfer of aggression in peer relationships to relational aggression in dating relationships.

The (im)plausibility of racism in Europe: policy frameworks on discrimination and integration

ABSTRACT

Rodríguez Maeso and Araújo analyse the reproduction of a dominant understanding of racism in policy discourses of integration and discrimination used by monitoring agencies in Portuguese and European Union (EU) institutional contexts. More specifically, they question the political concern over racism and discrimination vis-à-vis the idea of Europe ‘becoming increasingly diverse’ and the need to gather ‘evidence’ of discrimination. To that end, they examine periodic reports issued by EU monitoring agencies since the 1990s—paying specific attention to reporting on school segregation of Roma pupils in Portugal—and national integration policies and initiatives that, since the 2000s, have targeted mainly Roma and black families and youth. They argue that the dominant discourse of integration and cultural diversity conceives of racism as external to European political culture, and as a ‘factor’ of the ‘conflictive nature’ of social interactions in ethnoracially heterogeneous settings. This paves the way for calls for the ‘strengthening of social cohesion’—on the assumption that policy initiatives need to act on the ‘characteristics’ of so-called ‘vulnerable’ populations—whereas institutional arrangements and everyday practices remain unchallenged.     

网络安全法体系中关键信息基础设施边界识别

为贯彻公安部《贯彻落实网络安全等级保护制度和关键信息基础设施安全保护制度的指导意见》,关键信息基础设施保护应当从基于对象的保护、基于后果的保护转变为基于过程的保护,区别关键信息基础设施的识别与认定两个阶段.在识别中,考虑互为依赖的类型、运行状态、耦合程度、基础结构特征、故障类型、反应模式等识别因素,在工程上基于过程评价...     

Policy Monitoring and Ministerial Survival: Evidence from Multiparty Presidentialism

Studies on policy monitoring and ministerial survival within coalition governments are usually conducted separately. In this study, we bring these topics together and argue that the strategy of coalition partners to oversee the implementation of one another's policies has surprising consequences on the duration of office-holding ministers. Our main theoretical insight suggests that the degree to which ministers behave as faithful agents of the government depends on their expectations about their partners' monitoring behavior, such that when they expect to be under high scrutiny, they moderate their drifting behavior. Using evidence from legislative information requests on the activities of individual ministers over all multiparty cabinets formed in Brazil between 1995 and 2014, we demonstrate that: (1) greater policy monitoring by coalition partners is observed under more ideologically heterogeneous cabinets, and (2) more frequent policy-monitoring efforts by coalition partners lead to a lower ministerial replacement within the government term.     

大数据视域下失业监测机制优化 ：机遇与挑战

为实现“十四五”规划提出的“健全就业需求调查和失业监测预警机制”，基于大数据开展失 业监测具有显著的实践意义。本研究在梳理和总结国内外关于就业失业的理论基础上采用文献分析法、访谈法， 分析基于大数据进行失业监测的应用逻辑，进而梳理国内外相关实践及其存在的突出问题，为失业预警机制的 建立健全提供参考。研究提出基于大数据开展失业监测的优化路径：首先建立政府引导、网站提供数据和学界 提供指导的三方合作机制，其次盘点和分类国内招聘网站等劳动力市场的互联网媒介，进而尽快开发和构建搜 索引擎关键词库，并引入专业的社会智库参与，最后强化政府监管力度。     

电针关键肌结合“颈—肩—胸”调整术治疗颈型颈椎病伴上交叉综合征的随机对照研究

目的 探讨电针关键肌结合“颈—肩—胸”调整术对颈型颈椎病伴上交叉综合征患者的临床效果。方法 选取颈型颈椎病伴上交叉综合征患者70例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，每组35例，对照组采用电针关键肌治疗，观察组在电针关键肌的基础上采用基于“筋骨并举”思想的“颈—肩—胸”调整术治疗。治疗前后分别运用中文版颈部疼痛和废用量表（Chinese version of neck pain and disability scale，SC-NPDS）对患者颈椎疼痛水平、功能、残疾及情绪和认知进行评分，测量治疗前后颈椎活动度的改变以及前肩角度（forward shoulder angle，FSA）、头前伸角度（forward head angle，FHA）的变化。结果 与治疗前比较，两组治疗后SC-NPDS评分、FSA、FHA显著降低（P＜0.05），颈椎左旋、右旋、左右侧屈、屈曲、伸展活动度显著升高（P＜0.05）；两组患者治疗前后SC-NPDS评分、颈椎活动度及FSA、FHA差值比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 电针关键肌治疗颈型颈椎病伴上交叉综合征能减轻患者疼痛，改善颈椎大部分活动度及前倾姿势，而在此基础上采用“颈—肩—胸”调整术更能有效减轻患者疼痛，改善颈椎活动度，纠正患者静态头颈部前倾姿势。