论行政垄断的法律规制

行政垄断已经成为阻碍我国市场经济发展的最大障碍,对其进行治理根除,已经迫在眉睫.行政垄断存在双重违法性,其本质特征是行政权的膨胀和对私权的干预.行政垄断规制悖论的产生,理论根源在于经济法、行政法部门法划分理论上的内在冲突以及由此造成的法律调整范围上的重叠.因此在对行政垄断进行规制时要坚持法律规制为主,系统监督和党纪监督辅助结合、反垄断法与行政法互相配合以及坚持结构、行为与结果认定行政垄断三原则,在具体的法律规制中通过调整反垄断法对行政垄断范围的界定、调整行政诉讼法和宪法时抽象行政垄断行为的规制以及建立行政垄断的责任制度来逐步根除行政垄断,加快我国市场经济的完善和发展.     

黑龙江扎龙自然保护区湿地保护的问题及法律对策

由于人口的迅速增加,经济活动的不断深入,再加上扎龙保护区湿地保护的法律意识不强,执法不力,保护滞后等原因,使目前该地区湿地资源破坏比较严重,生物类型、数量急剧减少,水体污染,过度盲目开发等等问题十分严峻。立足于该地区湿地的实际以及目前存在的主要问题,充分借鉴其他相关区域的经验和模式,打破传统的仅靠立法就能解决湿地问题的观点,科学分析,通过立法、执法、司法相互结合,构造起一个相对科学、系统的湿地保护法治体系,从而能真正地应用到实践中去解决问题,服务地方经济;同时,通过对扎龙地区湿地保护法律问题研究,能够为湿地保护的全国立法提供了良好的经验,推进我国湿地保护的法治进程。     

无经营许可销售侵权音像复制品行为的刑法适用——以犯罪对象为切人点

实务界和学术界对无经营许可销售侵权音像复制品行为的刑法适用都有不同的认识,主要争议在于销售侵权复制品罪与非法经营罪之间是否存在竞合关系。以及属于何种竞合形态。从司法解释来看,侵权音像复制品是销售侵权复制品罪的犯罪对象,并为非法经营罪所排斥。销售侵权复制品罪与非法经营罪的保护客体为排斥关系。销售侵权复制品罪与非法经营罪不具有竞合关系。该行为只能以销售侵权复制品罪定罪量刑。。     

案例教学法在法律英语教学中的应用

案例教学法是一种以案例为基础的教学法,它将改变传统的法律英语教学模式,开创性地从句子和词汇的学习上升为从篇章的整体意义和篇章分析角度进行教学,立足于语言使用和交际,使学生能够通过对语言内容的正确理解和准确表达来掌握语言形式和内容,并通过实际案例使学生的语言综合运用能力稳步提高。     

论我国司法官选任制度的完善

司法是社会正义的最后防线,司法正义的实现必须拥有一批高素质的司法官队伍。在构建我国司法官选任制度时,应当借鉴法治发达国家的有益经验和做法,提高司法官任职的最低学历条件,明确司法官的法律职业经验要求,完善国家司法考试制度,强调司法官的品行操守,建立司法官任职培训制度,完善司法官的选任机制和程序。     

Public investment in private problems: legal aid and the family justice system

This paper examines findings from the Legal Aid Board Research Unit's Case Profiling Study in the light of the current reform programmes for both legal aid and family law. The findings relate to over 650 legally aided family cases including divorce, separation, ancillary relief and Children Act 1989 applications. The main aim of the study was to gain a better understanding of what is currently funded by the legal aid fund. Costs have been related to stages of cases and to the strategies employed by solicitors. Finally, I comment on the future role of legal aid in family law, suggesting that, to a large extent, public investment will be maintained. Remuneration of service providers will evolve as systems of contracting are introduced in January 2000. There will be continued emphasis on family mediation as an alternative method of dispute resolution. However, cases involving issues relating to children and their welfare will remain within the scope of public support. Domestic violence and other emergency issues will also merit high priority. Although there will be extensive changes in other areas of legal aid, family law appears to remain relatively unscathed.     

The role of intelligence on performance on the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK)

Previous research has shown that individuals with intellectual disabilities perform in the feigning range on malingering measures even when other data suggest that they are performing optimally. However, few studies to date have gone beyond intellectual disabilities and studied the full range of intelligence. Additionally, there are no data available examining the relationship between intelligence and performance on the Inventory of Legal Knowledge (ILK). The relationship between intelligence and performance on malingering tests is important because individuals with intellectual deficits may be incorrectly identified as malingering on these tests. The current study used a sample of state psychiatric hospital residents, adjudicated incompetent to proceed, and a sample of undergraduate university students to examine the relationship between intelligence and performance on the ILK. Results indicated three items on the ILK are correlated with intelligence and total scores were moderately correlated. Participants were further broken into groups using categorical ranges of Intelligence Quotient (IQ). Results were mixed regarding the relationship between ranges of IQ and performance on the ILK. Future directions and implications of this study are discussed.     

Rethinking the one-stop-shop mechanism: Legal certainty and legitimate expectation

This paper aims to contribute to the discussion concerning the one-stop-shop mechanism proposed in the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter “GDPR”). The choice of regulation as the instrument to legislate on data protection is already an unmistakable indication that unification and simplification (together with respect of data subjects' interests) shall be the guide for every legal discussion on the matter. The one-stop-shop mechanism (hereinafter “OSS”) clearly reflects the unification and simplification which the reform aims for. We believe that OSS is logically connected with the idea of one Data Protection Authority (hereinafter “DPA”) with an exclusive jurisdiction and that this can only mean that, given one controller, no other DPA can be a competent authority.² In other words, OSS implies a single and comprehensive competent authority of a given controller. In our analysis we argue that such architecture: a) works well with the “consistency mechanism”; b) provides guarantees to data subjects for a clear allocation of powers (legal certainty); and c) is not at odds with the complaint lodging procedure. Our position on fundamental questions is as follows. What is the perimeter of competence of the DPA in charge? We believe that it should have enforcement power on every issue of the controller, including issuing the fines. How to reconcile such dominant role of one DPA with the principle of co-operation among DPAs? We do not consider co-operation at odds with the rule that decisions are taken by just one single authority. Finally, we share some suggestions on how to make the jurisdiction allocation mechanism (the main establishment criterion) more straightforward.     

胚胎的法律属性及其处置规则刍议简

随着人工辅助生育技术的日益普及,实践中出现了一些涉及胚胎的法律问题,问题的解决需要首先厘清胚胎的法律属性,再确定胚胎的处置规则。本文在分析相应法律规范、制度、案例的基础上,结合比较法和实践研究,对以上问题进行初步探讨,提出了胚胎的法律定位应界定为＂中介＂,在处置规则上应考虑生育行为的社会属性、未成年人利益及利益均衡,以不允许单方处置为原则。     

医疗行为中医务人员“意思表示”的法律效力分析

“意思表示”是医务人员在医疗行为过程中将其期望发生某种法律效果的内心意思以一定方式表现于外部的行为,是医疗行为的核心内容。针对当前临床医疗实践中医务人员意思表示的具体情况,本文分析了医务人员“意思表示”的构成要素、表示形式及法律效力,尤其是具体分析了意思表示不真实情况下医疗行为的法律效力,对医院规范管理医务人员的医疗行为具有一定的积极意义。