"用工荒"与"就业难"并存形势下高职校企合作人才培养研究

＂用工荒＂与＂就业难＂同时存在的现象,其实质上是人才结构、产业结构的问题。高职校企合作是职业教育人才培养与经济社会发展需求相适应的重要途径。我国的高职校企合作大多是低水平、浅层次的,为此,应大力培育和发展行业协会,加快推进高职院校人才培养机制创新,建立健全政府主导、行业指导、企业参与的办学机制,促进校企合作制度化,建立起一个可持续发展的校企合作的良性循环机制。     

现实选择与理性诉求:地方政府自身利益的实践逻辑

在现实生活中,地方政府自身利益是客观存在的。地方政府通过追求任期内政绩工程来实现官员的个人利益,通过机构扩张和预算最大化来实现机构利益,通过获取辖区财政资源来实现辖区共容利益。这种利益的实现是地方政府基于外在监督和内在收益而做出的现实选择。在外在监督缺失的情况下,地方政府对自身利益的追求导致政府行为的异化和扭曲,需要采取有效措施予以治理。     

联邦国家的中央与地方立法分权模式研究

联邦制的启示在于,要实现中央和地方关系的法治化,有必要从宪法上合理配置中央和地方的立法权。虽然联邦国家的中央和地方分权历经变迁,但还是有章可循,而联邦国家的立法分权模式为中国的中央与地方关系法治化提供了可资借鉴的经验。     

社会资本与大学生就业相关理论研究综述

无论是劳动力市场中供需平衡理论还是流动与竞争理论等都不能很好地解释大学生就业中存在的诸如“官二代”、“富二代”、“拼爹”等现象,需要借助新的视角——社会资本理论。社会资本作为就业结果的影响因素已经引起广泛关注。尽管国内外学者对于社会资本与大学生就业存在“强关系”和“弱关系”的争议,但至少都认为社会关系网络对大学生就业质量产生着至关重要的影响。这就给我们两点启示：一是政府要尽快建立竞争充分、制度规范的劳动力市场,将社会资本对大学生就业的作用限制在合理范围内。二是在我国劳动力市场未充分完善之前,大学生除了学好专业知识、取得各种证书、加强身体锻炼之外,还应该积累社会资本,增加自己的就业筹码。     

Neighborhood change and the city of New York's ten‐year housing plan

Abstract

This article examines neighborhood changes associated with New York City's Ten‐Year Plan—the largest municipal housing program in the United States. We examine indicators of change, in the context of two possible hypotheses about the program's impact: (1) neighborhood revitalization, including improved physical and housing market conditions, as well as gentrification, and (2) the concentration of poor and welfare‐dependent households, as well as the possibility of residential segregation by race or ethnicity.

Our results present a mixed picture, with some evidence favoring both hypotheses, especially when parts of the city, particularly the South Bronx, are examined separately. Specifically, the program is associated with steep declines in the rate of boarded‐up buildings and some indications of increased home values, as well as rent burdens. However, it is also correlated with increases in maintenance deficiencies and a greater proportion of poor, single‐parent, and welfare‐dependent households, but there is little evidence of accentuated residential segregation.     

The 2000 American Presidential Election

Abstract

The 2000 Presidential election was one of the longest, most expensive and closest in American history. It was the Presidential election that exposed the flaws (or genius) of the electoral college system, demonstrated the imperfections of media dependency on exit polls and quick election calling, and showed how a third party candidate with just two percent of the popular vote could make the difference in the crucial state of Florida. Democrats lost states they should have won; Republicans lost every big city and most of their suburbs; and the Florida election came down to a five-to-four muddled decision by the Supreme Court. Americans collectively learned a great civics lesson: that even in a bitter, controversial contest, our candidates accept defeat graciously; the simple act of voting is not so simple; and that for all its shortcomings, the electoral college did work.     

公安院校大学生警察职业认同感的现状调查与对策——以四川警察学院为例

以四川警察学院为例运用问卷法调查公安院校大学生的警察职业认同感现状,结果表明：（1）公安院校大学生职业认同感程度相对偏高,其中职业意志平均分最低;（2）公安院校大学生的警察职业认同感存在非常显著的性别差异,男生高于女生;（3）是否是独生子女不影响公安院校大学生对警察职业认同感的程度,但会影响警察职业认同感的某些维度;（4）公安院校专科大学生的警察职业认同感程度显著高于本科大学生;（5）体改生和学历生的警察职业认同感程度不存在显著的差异,但在警察职业价值因子上学历生显著高于体改生;（6）公安院校大学生的亲戚中是否有警察对警校生的职业认同感程度有一定的影响作用。（7）来自不同生源地的大学生对警察职业认同感程度没有影响作用。     

公安高校实验教学示范中心教学资源共享的探索

公安高校实验教学资源的有限性,决定了公安高校实验教学资源应当使用共享。当前这方面存在一些急须解决的问题。警务技能综合实训教学中心项目建设实践,为实施资源共享,从实验教学资源共享的规章制度和实验室管理共享平台的建设等方面入手,以实验硬件、软件资源共享为核心,资源整合为手段,对实验教学的资源进行战略重组和资源优化,以完善公安高校实验教学资源共享机制。     

我国地方行政程序立法的新发展

近年来,我国多个地方政府制定了行政程序规则,这在学界引起了较大反响和争鸣。这些地方行政程序立法的主要内容包括立法目的、原则体系、行政程序的类型、公众参与和信息公开、立法架构、制度创新等方面,其主要特点是回应性、创新性、民主性、程序实体兼顾性。我国地方行政程序立法仍有诸多后续课题需要研究。     

The Flypaper Effect Revisited: Intergovernmental Grants and Local Governance

Abstract

Local governance arrangements shape the incentives of local actors, which may in turn influence fiscal choices. By emphasizing the role of local government institutions in local fiscal choices, we seek to bridge between median voter and Leviathan models prevalent in the literature. We then offer some preliminary evidence to support this explanation by empirically testing several propositions regarding the flypaper effect in intergovernmental grants. One limitation of the median voter model is that the model does not consider political institutions and their influences on government expenditures. In this study, we attempt to capture the influence of political dynamics in determining public expenditures by considering institutional variables. Test results show that the political institutional variables could be one of the explanation variables for the flypaper effect.