中药封包外敷联合臭氧局部注射治疗脊神经后支综合征56例

目的 评估中药封包联合臭氧治疗脊神经后支综合征的临床疗效。 方法 将112例脊神经后支综合征患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组56例,在中药封包外敷腰背部痛区的基础上,观察组予局部臭氧注射,对照组予局部神经阻滞,连续治疗3周。观察治疗后疼痛缓解情况,并评估治疗3周后及治疗后3个月临床疗效。 结果 治疗3周后和治疗后3个月,两组VAS评分均较治疗前明显下降（P<0.05）,且观察组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗3周后和治疗后3个月,两组临床疗效的分布比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,观察组明显优于对照组。 结论 中药封包联合臭氧局部注射可有效治疗脊神经后支综合征,且远期疗效显著。     

椎间孔针为主综合治疗腰椎间盘突出症30例

目的 观察以椎间孔针为主的综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。〖JP2〗方法 将60例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组采用常规治疗,包括丹参川芎嗪注射液静脉滴注、醋氯芬酸肠溶片口服以及艾灸、低频脉冲电和红外线治疗;治疗组在对照组疗法基础上加用椎间孔针治疗,共治疗14 d。观察两组疗效,采用视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）评价腰腿疼痛程度。结果 两组临床疗效分布比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后VAS评分均较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）,且治疗组VAS降低程度显著大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 在常规综合治疗基础上加用椎间孔针治疗可明显提高腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。     

交通事故致胸、腰椎损伤致残等级评定447例分析

目的探讨车祸致胸、腰椎损伤程度与伤残程度的关系,总结伤残评定经验,探寻其规律性。方法选择胸、腰椎损伤的鉴定447例,重新审查诊断,分析治疗措施,评价胸腰部活动度丧失程度及神经功能障碍情况,分析损伤程度与后遗障碍之间的关系,综合评定伤残。结果胸、腰椎损伤类型及数量并不决定其胸、腰部活动障碍程度及神经损伤后遗症严重程度;椎体损伤的部位与胸腰部活动度障碍关系密切;神经损伤主要集中在T1至L2段脊柱损伤;椎体损伤医院误诊率较高。结论伤残评定应分析损伤与后遗症严重程度的因果关系,以损伤所致后遗症为评残依据,重点关注脊柱功能的丧失程度。     

腰椎间盘突出症综合康复治疗初探

将80例腰椎间盘突出症患者分别用传统康复和综合康复手段进行治疗，并作疗效及治疗时间观察对照，结果表明两种方法在疗效和治疗时间上后者均优于前者。     

腰椎间盘突出的自身免疫反应及其法医学意义

损伤时间推定与伤、病鉴别,一直是法医学领域研究的重要课题。腰椎间盘突出是一种以人的生理退行性变为基础的改变,为了寻找准确推断其发生时间的方法,本文综述了腰椎间盘突出后机体细胞免疫、体液免疫反应与损伤时间的关系。认为进一步研究突出髓核组织局部与外周循环中IgG、IgM表达的特征性变化,有望成为推定损伤时间的方法之一。     

中国汉族女性腰椎的身高推断

测量中国汉族女性腰椎,建立腰椎推断身高的方法。按人体骨骼测量方法,对第一至第五腰椎的10项指标进行测量,并将各腰椎的测量数据与身高进行相关分析,建立中国汉族女性腰椎推断身高的回归方程。获得的推断身高的5个回归方程,其相关系数(r)和标准差(s)分别为 r_1=0.751,s=45.0171;r_2=0.698,s=48.2804;r_3=0.758,s=43.3508;r_4=0.497,s=56.0890;r_5=0.606,s=53.3158。本研究建立的方法误差小,可以用于中国汉族女性腰椎的身高推断。     

基于网络药理学研究桃红四物汤干预腰椎间盘突出症的机制

目的 构建桃红四物汤干预腰椎间盘突出症的“药物- 靶基因- 疾病”预测模型,探究桃红四物汤治疗腰椎间盘突出症的核心靶点及作用通路。方法 〖JP3〗通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台收集桃红四物汤中有效的化学成分及靶点信息,运用UniProt蛋白质数据库实现基因靶点名称规范化;从GeneCards、疗效靶点数据库、人类孟德尔遗传在线、DRUGBANK数据库中查找腰椎间盘突出症的靶点。构建“成分- 靶点- 疾病”网络,并对蛋白相互作用（protein- protein interaction,PPI）网络进行可视化分析,分析排名前20个靶点的生物过程、分子功能、细胞组成和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）中信号通路。结果 筛选出69个桃红四物汤的有效化学成分,235个潜在基因靶点,其中与腰椎间盘突出症共同的基因靶点有82个。PPI网络分析显示,肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor,TNF）、表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor,EGF)、表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR）、激活蛋白1（activator protein 1,JUN)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶（serine/threonine- protein kinase 1,AKT1）是桃红四物汤干预腰椎间盘突出症的核心靶点。基因本体论的富集分析结果显示,桃红四物汤干预腰椎间盘突出症的过程涉及对DNA结合转录因子活性的调节、细胞对生物刺激的反应、氧化应激反应以及对脂多糖、细菌来源分子的调节;KEGG的通路富集分析结果显示,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen- activated protein kinase,MAPK）通路、晚期糖基化终末产物（advanced glycation end product,AGE)- AGE受体（receptor for AGE,RAGE）通路、TNF通路的差异蛋白表达水平较高。结论 桃红四物汤可能是通过抗炎、提高免疫、调控激素、延缓细胞凋亡等作用多靶点、多通路调控腰椎间盘突出症。     

Traumatic Death in Ankylosing Spondylitis

Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic disease that causes spinal rigidity with an increased risk of spinal fractures. We present a case report where a middle‐aged man, in apparent good health, died following a fall from his bike. Postmortem computed tomography (CT) showed several fractures in the cervical and thoracic spine, with displacement into the spinal canal as well as spinal changes consistent with AS. The cause of death was determined to be upper spinal cord injury caused by cervical spinal fractures that were facilitated by spinal rigidity from AS. Further investigation into the medical records revealed that the decedent had previously been treated for AS. This case report illustrates the importance of obtaining a detailed medical history when investigating deaths, including nonfatal conditions, such as AS. Furthermore, it shows the value of CT in the evaluation of the mechanism and manner of death.     

Ricochet of a Bullet in the Spinal Canal: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Bullet Migration

Abstract: Ricochet of a bullet in the spinal canal is well known by neurosurgeons but relatively not a common event in usual medico‐legal autopsy practice. This article presents a homicide case of a penetrating gunshot injury of the lumbar spine through the T12‐L1 intervertebral foramen with active movement of the projectile within the spinal canal to the L5‐S1 level. This case illustrates a bullet intradural and intramedullary active movement because of a ricochet of the body of T12 with active redirection of the path. In the current literature, different types of migration in caudal or cranial direction, intradural, or intramedullary are reported. If spontaneous migration of T10 to S1 seems to be more frequent, some authors reported a C1 to S2 migration. Such migration could be asymptomatic or induce neurological impairment. The medico‐legal consequences of these migrations within the spinal canal are described.     

Forensic Imaging‐Guided Recovery of Nuclear DNA from the Spinal Cord*,†

Abstract: Our objective is to document the recovery of DNA from the spinal cord or surrounding dura mater in 11 cases of severely burned human remains. Radiographs established that portions of charred tissue contained spine segments. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed that each spine specimen contained an intact spinal cord remnant. A full DNA profile was obtained from seven specimens using spinal cord dura mater in six specimens and spinal cord medulla in one specimen. A partial profile was obtained from four specimens (spinal cord dura mater, 2; spinal cord medulla, 2). Bone and muscle surrounding the spinal cord appear to insulate nucleic acid containing tissue from critical thermal degradation. The spinal cord, which is easily identified by MDCT examination of remains and easily recovered at the postmortem examination, can be a source of DNA with extraction yields comparable with other tissue sources. Specimens of dura mater are preferable as processing time is faster than bone.