穴位注射配合普通针刺治疗脊髓损伤60例

目的 观察穴位注射配合普通针刺疗法对脊髓损伤患者运动和感觉功能的影响。方法 将60例脊髓损伤患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组采用普通针刺治疗,治疗组加用穴位注射疗法。治疗前后分别采用美国脊髓损伤委员会(American Spine Injury Association, ASIA)脊髓残存分级标准评定两组脊髓功能,观察并比较两组患者的轻触觉、针刺觉和运动评分。结果 治疗后两组ASIA残存分级均较治疗前显著改善（P<0.05）,治疗后两组轻触觉、针刺觉、运动评分均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.01）,治疗组在升高轻触觉、针刺觉、运动评分方面显著优于对照组（P<0.05,或P<0.01）。结论 穴位注射配合普通针刺能有效改善脊髓损伤患者的运动、感觉功能。     

经椎间孔椎体间融合术联合独活寄生汤加减治疗单间隙腰椎管狭窄症20例

目的 观察经椎间孔椎体间融合术联合独活寄生汤治疗单间隙腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效。方法 将40例单间隙腰椎管狭窄症患者分为观察组和对照组,每组20例,两组均行经椎间孔椎体间融合术,仅观察组术后服用独活寄生汤,对比观测两组术后椎体高度、手术前后腰痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分和Oswestry生活功能障碍指数（Oswestry disability index,ODI）评分的差异。结果 各时点两组椎体前缘、中缘、后缘高度比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与术前比较,两组术后1个月椎体前缘、中缘、后缘高度均显著上升（P<0.05）;与术后1个月比较,术后3、6、12个月两组椎体前缘、中缘、后缘高度均逐渐降低。与术前比较,两组患者术后1、3、6、12个月腰痛程度VAS评分和ODI评分均逐渐降低（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,术后3、6个月观察组患者腰痛程度VAS评分均显著降低（P<0.05）;术后1、3、6、12个月观察组患者ODI评分均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 经椎间孔椎体间融合术联合独活寄生汤治疗单间隙腰椎管狭窄症,能显著缓解患者疼痛,改善腰椎功能。     

家兔玻璃体和脑脊液中异烟肼的高效液相色谱分析

目的　建立玻璃体和脑脊液中异烟肼的高效液相色谱分析方法。方法　以香草醛为衍生化试剂 ,经柱前衍生为异烟肼 -香草醛腙 ,直接对体液样品中的腙进行定性、定量分析 ,并以空白兔体液添加标准异烟肼对样品的前处理方法、仪器条件、线性范围、精密度、回收率进行全面考查后 ,测定急性染毒家兔玻璃体和脑脊液中的异烟肼浓度。结果　用上述方法分析兔玻璃体和脑脊液中异烟肼 ,其线性范围为 0 2～ 12 0 μg/ml,检测限 0 2 μg/ml,日内、日间精度均小于 4 9% ,回收率均在 97 1%以上。异烟肼在急性染毒家兔玻璃体中的浓度为 74 60± 7 40 μg/ml;脑脊液中为 88 95± 10 12 μg/ml。 结论　本文所建方法适用于异烟肼中毒者玻璃体和脑脊液中异烟肼的检测。     

A Novel Method for Removing a Spinal Cord with Attached Cervical Ganglia from a Pediatric Decedent

A diagnosis of child abuse is dependent on a comprehensive and accurate assessment of injury in the context of a thorough investigation. However, signatures of trauma are often subtle and interpretation can be very difficult. Recently, researchers have refocused their attention from the head to the neck in search of traumatic signatures of abusive head trauma. HCIFS has developed a technique to remove the cervical spinal cord with the ganglia attached that is less destructive and more time and cost efficient than alternative methods previously published. Once removed, the dorsal nerve roots and ganglia are evaluated for the presence of hemorrhage. The authors performed a small pilot study using the novel method to evaluate 20 decedents with a history of blunt force trauma and eight without a traumatic history. Fifteen of the traumatic deaths and two of the nontraumatic deaths were found to have dorsal nerve root and/or ganglia hemorrhage.     

Sudden Death After Myocardial Infarction in a High‐School Athlete

Abstract: This is an unusual case of ischemic heart disease occurring in a young female athlete, aged 14 years, in whom almost the entire posterior wall of the left ventricle was affected. The patient collapsed and died suddenly after a vigorous physical activity while resting at home. The ischemic lesion was apparently owing to right orifice stenosis in association with a small hypoplastic right coronary artery.     

Prolonged Electro-muscular Incapacitation in a Porcine Model Causes Spinal Injury

Conducted electrical weapons are designed to cause temporary electro-muscular incapacitation (EMI) without significant injury. The objective of this study was to assess the risk and cause of spinal injury due to exposure to a benchtop EMI device. Porcine subjects were exposed to 19 and 40 Hz electrical stimuli for a prolonged duration of 30 sec. X-ray imaging, necropsy, and accelerometry found that lumbosacral spinal fractures occurred in at least 89% of all subjects, regardless of the stimulus group, and were likely caused by musculoskeletal fatigue-related stress in the lumbosacral spine. Spinal fractures occurred in the porcine model at an unusually high rate compared to human. This may be due to both the prolonged duration of electrical stimulation and significant musculoskeletal differences between humans and pigs, which suggests that the porcine model is not a good model of EMI-induced spinal fracture in humans.     

MRI鉴别新鲜与陈旧性椎体压缩性骨折

目的 探讨MRI对新鲜与陈旧性椎体压缩性骨折的鉴别价值.方法 回顾性分析43例胸、腰椎椎体压缩性骨折的MRI表现,MRI检查序列主要为T1WI、T2WI和STIR.结果 本组43例共发现55处胸、腰椎椎体压缩性骨折,其中46处椎体被判定为新鲜骨折,T1WI呈低信号或低信号中混有少许高信号,T2WI呈高信号,STIR呈明...     

TMS-MEP评价大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能障碍程度的研究

目的探讨采用TMS-MEP评价大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能障碍的可行性,并评价其在法医学中的应用价值。方法 SD雌性大鼠100只,分为3个损伤组、1个假手术组和1个正常对照组。损伤组采用Allen’s打击装置制作脊髓损伤模型;各组均于实验前、损伤后1d、1周、2周、4周,根据大鼠脊髓运动功能评定标准进行运动功能评分,并在70%刺激强度下记录腓肠肌的TMS-MEP;采用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据处理,单因素方差分析比较组间差异。结果损伤组随打击能量的增加,脊髓损伤程度加重,双下肢运动功能缺失明显,与正常对照组、假手术组和实验前之间均存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）。损伤组MEP潜伏期和波幅较正常对照组均延长,差异具有显著意义（P〈0.05）。TMS-MEP回归方程Y=0.465 1X＋4.602 4（R2=1,P〈0.001）,回归得出的结果与观察评分之间存在高度吻合。结论采用本文方法可为肌力的评定提供客观依据,有望在法医鉴定实践中应用。     

Deaths Due to Child Abuse: A 6‐Year Review of Cases in The Cook County Medical Examiner's Office

Case files from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office from 2007 to 2012 were reviewed to analyze homicides due to physical child abuse in children <3 years old. Fatal cases mostly involved younger subjects. Intracranial injuries were the leading cause of death, while death due to extracranial injuries was uncommon. Eyes were involved in most of the cases. Spinal cord was involved in about 1/3 of the cases, mostly in the thoracic area. In some cases, previous injuries were present. There were significant differences in the pattern of injuries between age groups. Subjects showing signs of impact to the head and subjects with no evidence of an impact showed no significant difference in internal injuries. The association of multiple injuries is highly suggestive of child abuse. In suspected child abuse, a postmortem examination including neuropathological, ophthalmological, and radiological information should be always evaluated, together with investigative reports and the medical history.     

胸腰椎损伤的法医临床学问题探讨

本文结合１０例胸腰椎损伤的法医临床学鉴定，将其致伤原因分为普通伤害（直接暴力、间接暴力）及交通伤，总结其特点，同时主张采用Ｘ线、ＣＴ等作为其诊断的主要辅助检查手段，并对劳动能力评定、医疗及预后评价、伤与病的关系等问题进行了探讨。