浅析金融宏观调控主体信用法律制度建设

随着金融调控在宏观经济调控中已处于核心地位,其调控职能、方式和效力,直接影响到国家宏观经济管理的质量和水平。本文主要探讨金融宏观调控主体信用制度建设问题,以期健全、规范我国的金融宏观调控,完善法治环境,促进经济协调稳定发展。     

城市反贫困:政策比较与中国关怀

随着农村贫困人口的空间转换,城市未来将成为贫困问题凸显的集中地,为完成城市减贫目标,必须回到城市反贫困的政策之中。当前中国在城市反贫困政策上存在定位偏差、目标偏差和执行偏差的情况,救助政策侧重于消极保护,救助对象范围较小,政策之间难以衔接。为解决这些问题,须结合国外发达国家和发展中国家反贫困实践的经验,从定位转型、目标扩展和政策衔接三个方面入手,建设以积极支持为主要内容、以城市居民和新贫困群体为主要对象、"网式"服务的反贫困政策体系。     

‘Social Investment’ or Back to ‘Familism’: The Impact of the Economic Crisis on Family and Care Policies in Italy and Spain

Family policies have traditionally been weak in Southern Europe. In the last two decades, however, and following a ‘catching up’ course, Spain has created new family programmes and expanded existing ones. Meanwhile, the picture for Italy during the years preceding the crisis is more of a ‘frozen landscape’. However, the diverging paths of the two countries in terms of policy reform in the years preceding the crisis do not place them in substantially different positions. The economic crisis and the austerity measures that followed have aggravated the weaknesses of family and care policies in both countries.     

Religion und Arbeitnehmerschutzgesetzgebung: Eine Fuzzy Set‐Analyse

This article focuses on the relationship between religion and employment protection legislation in Western democracies. While Esping‐Andersen claimed that catholic social teaching is the most important determinant of the level employment protection legislation, we argue that his argument must be extended by introducing political actors, religiosity and a distinction between lutheran and reformed Protestantism. The empirical part shows that religious factors can explain part of the observed variation, but the discussed extensions prove to be crucial.     

西部大开发与图们江经济带的崛起

西部大开发《政策措施》的颁布和实施,给边疆民族地区带来了历史机遇。图们江经济带要以此为契机,实现跨越式发展。     

Aid Illusion and Public Sector Behaviour

Conventional treatments of fungibility, such as in Assessing Aid, are concerned with evidence that aid recipients do not increase sufficiently (that is, by the amount of aid) expenditure on specific areas favoured by donors. In other words, fungibility implies that recipients divert aid to expenditure on areas donors do not wish to fund. However, there is evidence that aggregate expenditure, and even spending on donor-supported areas, rises by more than the value of the aid inflow. This contribution, using insights from the public choice research on fiscal illusion, provides a range of theoretical scenarios to explain this outcome. Included are scenarios where, even where all the features of fungibility are present, expenditure on areas favoured by the donor can increase by more than the value of the aid inflow. The study concludes by suggesting new directions for research on aid policy and the impact of aid on the public sector in developing countries.     

Privacy,trust and policy-making: Challenges and responses

The authors contend that the emerging ubiquitous Information Society (aka ambient intelligence, pervasive computing, ubiquitous networking and so on) will raise many privacy and trust issues that are context dependent. These issues will pose many challenges for policy-makers and stakeholders because people's notions of privacy and trust are different and shifting. People's attitudes towards privacy and protecting their personal data can vary significantly according to differing circumstances. In addition, notions of privacy and trust are changing over time. The authors provide numerous examples of the challenges facing policy-makers and identify some possible responses, but they see a need for improvements in the policy-making process in order to deal more effectively with varying contexts. They also identify some useful policy-making tools. They conclude that the broad brush policies of the past are not likely to be adequate to deal with the new challenges and that we are probably entering an era that will require development of “micro-policies”. While the new technologies will pose many challenges, perhaps the biggest challenge of all will be to ensure coherence of these micro-policies.     

Research and standardisation in nanotechnology: evidence from Germany

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are science fields which are growing extremely dynamically. Germany occupies the top position in Europe and is only second to the US worldwide, which can be attributed to growing research promotion by the state. Based on a general conceptual framework on the role of different types of standards in the research process and technology life cycle, we argue that the market success of nanotechnology applications depends very much on the development of corresponding standards, which clarify not only terminology, measurement and testing methods, but also regulate safety and health aspects and specify interfaces. Other countries, European and international standardisation organisations have launched first initiatives rather early. However, Germany was not able to translate its excellent starting position in nanotechnology research into a leading position in standardisation initiatives, which pave the way for future commercialisation of nanotechnology and also the basis for the next generation of research activities. Based on a survey among stakeholders of German nanotechnology research, we are able not only to provide a first empirical validation of our conceptual model on the role of standards in the research process, but also to define the major problems at the interface between research and standardisation, and finally, to recommend possible options for their solution.

制度创新与政府职能的有效转变——对温州的实证分析

制度创新、政府找到社会的“共赢点”是温州成功的关键,政府的“公共人”、“公平人”角色定位,是温州政府职能有效转变的主要体现。     

社会政策对志愿服务的支持作用分析——以广州市为例

广州市社会政策对志愿服务的支持作用集中体现在公共服务、公民参与、社会福利、社区发展、环保低碳、国际合作六个方面。公共服务政策为志愿服务的发展让渡了空间,公民参与政策激活了民间活力,社会福利政策丰富了志愿服务形式,社区发展政策提供了社区服务平台,环保低碳政策推动了环保志愿者的兴起,国际合作政策拓宽了志愿交流机制。从政府重视志愿服务事业发展的背景出发,加强社会政策对志愿服务的引导和支持尤为重要。