谈第四次修宪之现实价值

2004年3月14日第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过了宪法修正案,这是1982年宪法制定以来的第四次修改,具有极其重大的现实意义。修改内容包括:“三个代表”和“政治文明”入宪;增加“国家尊重和保障人权”;明确和保护公民的私有财产权;提高非公有制经济地位;扩大爱国统一战线的阶级基础等。修宪内容从头至尾包含着“以人为本”的思想。     

内容“述”形式（上篇）——现代欧洲暨法国美学情趣之源流

现代欧洲暨法国美学情趣在音乐、诗、绘画、戏剧、小说、电影等方面的流变,即所谓唯美主义倾向,是启蒙时代微妙精神的延伸.现代欧洲艺术放弃了柏拉图-亚里士多德关于艺术形式与内容关系的传统理论一方面放弃了作为理念的形式,而把艺术活动必需的物质材料本身当作形式和艺术欣赏的对象;另一方面,也放弃了西方艺术传统根深蒂固的偏见,即所谓艺术的不同物质手段只是为了表达或表现感情、观念、外部世界的模特.现代西方不同艺术门类不约而同地放弃了古典艺术中的形而上学追求,从而把艺术活动中的所谓"内容"只作为一种"形式"化的活动,甚至取消了内容与形式的界限.     

侦讯言语论

侦讯对策效益要通过对话来实现,研究侦讯对话就是研究其言语。侦讯言语活动应从普通交际言语“合作”“礼貌”原则中吸取营养,在侦讯对话的现实背景与它们之间寻找调和。侦讯言语具有依法对话的强制性、侦讯语境的可操作性和策略对话的多样性等特点。侦讯言语涉及言语主体、语境、内容和形式等要素。侦讯应答和用语的表达方式、发问技巧,也是侦讯言语研究中值得深入探讨的问题。     

Estimating policy positions using political texts: An evaluation of the Wordscores approach

This paper evaluates a recently developed method for extracting policy positions from political texts, known as Wordscores. This computerized content analysis technique is a potentially powerful tool for scholars interested in the study of political elites, since it promises an easy and efficient way of inferring policy position from texts and speeches. In this article, we provide a systematic evaluation of this promising method. Using Danish manifestos and government speeches from 1945 to 2005, we compare the policy positions extracted using Wordscores with measures of positions from the well-known Comparative Manifesto Project and cross-validate these with party expert surveys. Our analysis shows that the word scoring technique arrives at largely similar estimates to independently derived position measures and produces time series of government positions with high face validity.     

Merging content analysis and the policy sciences: A system to discern policy-specific trends from news media reports

In this article we set out to bridge a surprising methodological gap between two time-honored research traditions – news media content analysis and the policy sciences analytic framework. Lasswell, a recognized pioneer of both the method and the framework, discussed the mutual benefits of each decades ago. But few researchers, if any, have formally linked the two. To that end, in this article we (1) make the case for using news media content analysis to inform research studies using the policy sciences analytic framework; (2) introduce an original content analysis categorical system for that purpose; (3) demonstrate that system with a study of 90 national news articles about the stratospheric ozone hole; and (4) compare our system to others used to examine news content. We report that our system, used by human coders, is well geared to describing and mapping trends in the social process surrounding the development of the Montreal Protocol ozone treaty during the intelligence gathering and promotion phases encompassed by our data sample. We argue that other content analysis systems fall short – in structure and purpose – of meeting the promise ours holds to the policy scientist.     

改革的内涵与转型的选择——对改革内涵与方向歧变的政治经济学求解

改革在共同的市场趋向基础上,出现了不同方向的歧变,凸显出目标模式的巨大差异,显示了改革和转型的深刻性和可变异性。经济社会转型在本质上是经济社会结构的系统转换,这一大规模制度变迁需要一个能够涵盖全部问题的完整理论框架给予揭示。广义的社会经济转型是一个完整的系统结构转化,是四种内涵的转变,即使最狭义的经济转型,即通常说的经济体制改革也是二重内涵,是交换关系系统和狭义生产关系系统两个系统的转型。现实中呈现和演化出的转型经济的三种趋向性思潮和三种转型模式,正是这二重内涵的不同状况及其不同组合的结果。     

Enabling freedom of expression in light of filtering measures imposed on Internet intermediaries: Squaring the circle?

This study considers the scope of the injunction a court may issue against an intermediary service provider with a view to preventing or terminating an infringement, particularly of an intellectual property right. The matter is studied in the light of the aim shared by the European Union and the Council of Europe to promote freedom of expression via communication networks. Despite technological progress and the emergence of software that are increasingly precise and ever better controlled in terms of their effects, implementation of a filtering measure appears difficult to reconcile with the right to freedom of expression. Consequently, the problematic comes down to this question: how do we do enough without doing too much?     

韩国—东盟FTA建立的背景与内容解析

韩国与东盟的自由贸易协议(FTA)起步较晚,直到2005年12月才达成《全面经济合作框架协议》,排在中国、日本与印度之后。但韩国积极推进FTA战略,在中、日、印3国之前与东盟完成了FTA所需协议文本的签署,使得韩国—东盟FTA与中国—东盟FTA同时于2010年1月1日建成。本文对韩国与东盟签订FTA的背景及内容进行了较为详细的解析。     

生菟丝子、盐菟丝子的高效液相色谱特征图谱和5种主要成分含量测定

目的 建立生菟丝子与盐菟丝子样品的高效液相色谱特征图谱及多成分含量测定方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱法建立生菟丝子和盐菟丝子的特征图谱并进行5种成分的含量测定,通过层次聚类分析、主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析和皮尔逊相关性分析评价不同批次菟丝子生品、盐炙饮片的质量差异,找寻质量差异性的主要成分。结果 生菟丝子、盐菟丝子的高效液相色谱特征图谱中有18个共有峰,指认出绿原酸、芦丁、金丝桃苷、紫云英苷、异鼠李素5个共有峰,峰面积占比＞70%。相似度分析结果显示,生菟丝子、盐菟丝子的相似度＞0.9。聚类分析可将两者聚为2类;主成分分析结果显示,前3个主成分可区分生菟丝子与盐菟丝子;正交偏最小二乘-判别分析结合变量投影重要性值＞1的原则,筛选出金丝桃苷、紫云英苷、异鼠李素3种与菟丝子生品、盐炙饮片质量相关性较强的化学成分。含量测定结果表明,生菟丝子、盐菟丝子中的金丝桃苷、紫云英苷、异鼠李素含量差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。皮尔逊相关性分析显示,金丝桃苷与紫云英苷、异鼠李素含量呈显著负相关。结论 基于化学计量学方法建立的生菟丝子与盐菟丝子高效液相色谱特征图谱及含量测定方法简便准确,可为菟丝子生品、盐炙饮片质量评价提供依据。     

高效液相色谱法测定白术须根中白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ含量

目的 测定白术须根中白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ含量。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,Agela Venusil XBP C18(L) 色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）;甲醇-0.05%磷酸水（70%∶30%）等度洗脱;柱温：30 ℃;流速：1.0 mL/min;白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅲ检测波长：220 nm,白术内酯Ⅱ检测波长：276 nm。结果 白术须根中白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的平均含量分别为0.0260%、0.0379%、0.0633%。结论 在白术须根的综合开发利用中,白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ可作为指标成分。