An academic perspective on the copyright reform

The recently proposed new Copyright Directive was released on 14 September 2016. It has been described by EU law-makers as the pillar of the copyright package promised by the European Commission (EC), to be delivered before the end of Mr. Juncker's mandate. In its Communication of 6 May 2015, the EC had stressed “the importance to enhance cross-border access to copyright-protected content services, facilitate new uses in the fields of research and education, and clarify the role of online services in the distribution of works and other subject-matter.” The proposed Copyright Directive is thus a key measure aiming to address two of these three issues. However it is not without shortfalls.We have therefore decided to publicly express our concerns and send an open letter to the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council to urge them to re-assess the new provisions dealing with mandatory filtering of user-generated content in the light of the CJEU case law and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.In a more extended statement, we examine in details the text of both the explanatory memorandum and the Directive itself.Our conclusions are:1. A comprehensive re-assessment of Article 13 and Recital 39 in the light of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the E-commerce Directive (in particular Article 15) including CJEU case law is needed, as the proposed Copyright Directive does not expressly address the issue of its compatibility with both of these texts.2. Recital 38 does not clarify the domain and effect of Article 13. Rather, it creates confusion as it goes against settled CJEU case law (relating to Articles 14 and 15 of the E-commerce Directive and Article 3 of the Infosoc Directive). Recital 38 should therefore be deleted or substantially re-drafted/re-phrased. If the EU wants to introduce a change in this regard it should clearly justify its choice. In any case, a recital in the preamble to a directive is not an appropriate tool to achieve this effect.We hope that this exercise will prove useful for the debate that has now begun both in the European Parliament and in the Council.     

Legal and ethical issues in knowledge management in Malaysia

In this era of k-economy, knowledge management is becoming crucial to take stock of the influx of knowledge available on the Internet as well as consolidating knowledge generated within an organization. This paper explores the legal and ethical ramifications of all the various processes of knowledge management from capturing, creation, sharing and dissemination of knowledge within an organization in Malaysia.     

新加坡网络内容管理的经验及启示

新加坡作为世界网络互联程度最高的国家之一,在网络内容管理方面采取“三管齐下”的方针,一是实施轻触式管理制度,二是鼓励行业自律,三是加强公众教育,提高网络安全意识。近年来,随着网络应用的日益广泛,新加坡出台了《分类许可证制度》、《互联网操作规则》和《垃圾邮件控制法案》等政策法规以完善其网络管理。新加坡网络内容管理既实行严格的法律制度,也实行价值观宣传等柔性管理政策。新加坡相关政策的制定不仅符合其本国历史文化及发展实践,还随着网络的广泛应用以及政府的重视而日益完善,其成功经验值得学习和借鉴。     

Online Participation Chaos: A Case Study of Chinese Government-Initiated E-Polity Square

The research examines a government-initiated online engagement program in China, mainly including its history, mechanism, and how netizens participated in it. To clearly address the participation scenario, a framework is proposed to further explore the quality of participation. The result shows that participation chaos is prevalent with poor-quality proposals. A government censorship exists all the time and changes with the popularity of the forum. It also implies that the purpose of a Chinese government-initiated online engagement forum may be varied, one for engagement and the other for maintaining stability, which partly attributes to the online participation chaos.     

姜不同炮制品对苓甘五味姜辛汤4种成分含量的影响

目的 探明姜不同炮制品对苓甘五味姜辛汤指标成分含量的影响。方法 分别用生姜、干姜、炮姜配伍成苓甘五味（生）姜辛汤、苓甘五味（干）姜辛汤、苓甘五味（炮）姜辛汤各10批,采用超高效液相色谱法对其进行含量测定分析。色谱条件：Acquity BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 m,1.7 μm)色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,梯度洗脱,流速0.2 mL/min;柱温30 ℃;检测波长280 nm。结果 姜不同炮制品组成的苓甘五味姜辛汤中甘草苷、甘草酸铵、6-姜酚、五味子醇甲4种成分的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999 8;4种成分的平均加样回收率分别为98.01%、99.78%、96.69%和98.36%,RSD分别为2.15%、2.47%、2.79%和2.34%。结论 姜的不同炮制品对苓甘五味姜辛汤成分含量有不同程度的影响。     

不同制备工艺对桃红四物汤中5种成分含量的影响

目的 研究不同制备工艺对桃红四物汤中成分的影响。方法 采用高效液相色谱法测定桃红四物汤中没食子酸、5-羟甲基糠醛、羟基红花黄色素A、芍药苷、阿魏酸含量。结果 桃红四物汤A液中5种成分含量均值分别为82.9、11.1、235.7、917.3、49.3 mg/L;桃红四物汤B液中5种成分含量均值分别为126.6、13.2、187.3、1 040.4、28.6 mg/L,说明不同制备工艺使桃红四物汤中5种成分含量产生显著性差异。结论 不同制备工艺得到的桃红四物汤中化学成分种类和含量会产生变化。     

The first and last signs of Main Street: semiosis and modality in California and Hong Kong Disneylands

Main Street is an indelible image in the American consciousness made hyperreal at Disneyland California in 1955. For subsequent parks in Tokyo and Paris, Disney recontextualized Main Street, but Hong Kong Disneyland’s version was formed as a copy of the California original. This copy demonstrates that transference of a structural form to a new cultural context is not a guarantee of the concomitant transmission of the originating culture’s sensory modality. The arising dissonant tension between the form (signifier) and substance (signified) of Hong Kong’s Main Street has led to its ongoing semiosis due to local cultural and corporate pressures. This paper presents a framework to analyze this dissonance and semiosis through comparison of external and internal photographs of the same eight landmarks at both parks. The problem of transferring meaning into a new cultural context for an international sign suggests Hong Kong’s Main Street could be the last that Disney constructs.     

犯罪论体系的思考

罪数论以及法条竞合、期待可能性、择一认定等应纳入犯罪论体系 ,作为法律后果意义上的刑事责任应排除在犯罪论之外 ;构建犯罪论体系 ,必须妥善处理犯罪客体 (法益 )与构成要件 ,主体要件与其他要件 ,主观要件与客观要件 ,单位犯罪与自然人犯罪 ,作为犯与不作为犯 ,故意犯罪与过失犯罪 ,犯罪既遂与犯罪未遂、中止、预备 ,犯罪成立条件与排除犯罪事由 ,排除犯罪事由之间 ,以及“定罪论”与其他犯罪理论之间的关系 ;构建犯罪论体系 ,必须遵循有利于保障人权、有利于认定犯罪以及体系性、经济性的原则 ;可以构建故意犯罪与过失犯罪相并列的、两要件的、区分排除违法性事由与排除罪过性事由的犯罪论体系。     

认真学习和自觉实践“三个代表”重要思想不断提高人民群众对公安工作的满意率

认真学习、深刻领导会、贯彻落实江总书记“七一”重要讲话 ,进一步增强贯彻党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领的自觉性和坚定性 ,进一步落实“三个代表”重要思想的自觉性和坚定性。联系公安机关的思想实际和工作实际 ,一是牢记“三个不能” ,始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系 ;二是强化公仆意识 ,真正从人民满意的事做起 ,从人民不满意的问题改起 ;三是坚持群众满意标准 ,把评判权交给广大人民群众