海洋经济:“十二五”期间中国经济发展的新动力

实现经济可持续发展的关键在于挖掘新的经济增长动力。海洋产业对国民经济的需求结构、产业结构和区域结构产生至关重要的影响,发展海洋经济是中国实现可持续发展的重要载体。本文从海洋经济对国民经济作用、海洋产业升级的影响以及海洋开发的区域联动效应三个方面分析海洋经济增长绩效,从调整海洋产业结构、升级海洋经济发展模式、提高海洋环境保护等方面提出对策建议。     

Firm performance and privatization in Ukraine

Investigating the effects of privatization in transition countries is the focus of a large body of current research. Generally, privatization stimulates private sector development, attracts foreign direct investment, fosters competition and contributes to the formation of stock markets. In addition, privatization may improve individual enterprises’ performance. This paper investigates the impact of privatization on Ukrainian firms’ productivity. The empirical research is based on a sample of 466 Ukrainian joint-stock enterprises for the period of 1997–1999. Estimation results indicate that privatization positively influences labor productivity, sales and profitability, but also that these effects diminish over time.

Profiling the mobile customer – Is industry self-regulation adequate to protect consumer privacy when behavioural advertisers target mobile phones? – Part II

Mobile customers are increasingly being tracked and profiled by behavioural advertisers to enhance delivery of personalized advertising. This type of profiling relies on automated processes that mine databases containing personally-identifying or anonymous consumer data, and it raises a host of significant concerns about privacy and data protection. This second article in a two part series on “Profiling the Mobile Customer” explores how to best protect consumers’ privacy and personal data through available mechanisms that include industry self-regulation, privacy-enhancing technologies and legislative reform.¹ It discusses how well privacy and personal data concerns related to consumer profiling are addressed by two leading industry self-regulatory codes from the UK and the U.S. that aim to establish fair information practices for behavioural advertising by their member companies. It also discusses the current limitations of using technology to protect consumers from privacy abuses related to profiling. Concluding that industry self-regulation and available privacy-enhancing technologies will not be adequate to close important privacy gaps related to consumer profiling without legislative reform, it offers suggestions for EU and U.S. regulators about how to do this.²     

我国电信业政府监管机构重构研究

目前我国电信业政府监管机构存在监管职能分散、专业性欠缺、法治化程度低等突出问题,基于"三网融合"的趋势,有必要成立直接隶属于国务院的通信监管委员会,对电信、广电、互联网等实行一体化监管。     

培育中药产业的国际竞争力

中医中药是中华民族的文化瑰宝,是数千年来中国人民防病、治病经验的结晶。随着中国加入WTO和中医药整体竞争优势的增强,一些国家对中医药的认识不断提高;同时,天然药物市场的壮大及其对中药类产品的接纳,我国中药产业的发展面临良好的机遇,但也面临着多方面的挑战。立足于中药行业的发展环境,着眼于中药行业的发展现状,剖析中药在国际市场竞争中存在的问题,并从建立中药现代研究开发体系,形成科技先导型中药产业,提高产业集中度和拓展中医药进入国际医药市场的渠道四个方面提出对策。     

制造业与生产性服务业的产业互动及空间集聚研究

基于我国各地区制造业和生产性服务业增加值的数据,通过引入产业互动比率,对制造业和生产性服务业的产业互动与集聚进行分析。研究结果显示,在制造业和生产性服务业的整体集聚水平稳定增长及两者存在较为明显互动的背景下,制造业的空间集聚指数与制造业和生产性服务业的互动程度之间呈正相关关系,生产性服务业的空间集聚指数与制造业和生产性服务业的互动程度之间也呈正相关关系。这说明制造业与生产性服务业互动机制作用有利于两者空间集聚。两者的互动作用越强,其空间集聚现象越明显。     

产品缺陷认定标准的法理学探讨

我国法学界虽然承认产品责任是一种以缺陷为基础的侵权责任,但法学家过多地将目光聚集于产品责任归责原则是过错责任还是严格责任的探讨上,很少关注核心部位的产品缺陷认定标准.应当在明确产品责任归责原则内涵外延的基础上,适用经济分析的方法,构建产品缺陷认定标准,完善我国产品责任归责原则.     

“满铁”对华经济掠夺问题新探

南满洲铁道株式会社对中国的经济掠夺,是以股份公司的形式作为伪装,执行日本帝国主义侵略掠夺中国的对外政策。＂满铁＂依靠特权建立起一个超乎中国主权和法律之上的＂满铁王国＂,构成了日本国家资本为主导,日本产业托拉斯和中小私人资本为辅助的经济体系。＂满铁＂通过这套经济体系,利用显性和隐性两种方式对我国进行经济掠夺、政治扩张、文化渗透,对中国的经济结构和民族工业造成了异常严重的破坏。     

Upgrading Traditional Technologies in Small-Scale Industry Clusters: Collaboration and Innovation Adoption in Indonesia.

There is by now sufficient evidence that small-scale industry clusters matter in developing countries. This article intends to contribute to the discussion on cluster transformation by focusing on innovation adoption in a roof tile cluster in Indonesia. Clustering allows small-scale enterprises to grow in 'riskable steps' by sharing the costs and risks through collaboration. Using data from longitudinal field surveys we find that technological change is not only a matter of comparing costs and benefits of technologies, but also a matter of access. Collaboration among leaders is crucial in innovation adoption when technological indivisibilities play a role. In our case study it appears that joint action should be viewed as a means to an end only; it was given up in favour of traditional hierarchies in the cluster as soon as possible.     

What's Different about Exporters? Evidence from Colombian Manufacturing

Using a large panel of Colombian manufacturing plants, this paper finds that exporters are significantly larger, more capital intensive, have higher labour productivity, and pay higher wages than nonexporters three years before exporting for the first time. The differential in performance increases in the years leading to entry in the export market. After entry, sales, employment, and the proportion of skilled workers in the labour force keep growing significantly faster for exporters, but the growth of labour productivity and capital intensity is indistinguishable for exporters and nonexporters.