关于我国财政风险成因的几点思考——我国国有企业财务风险与财政风险转换机制分析

财政风险和国有企业财务风险是两个不同层次的风险,但两者之间存在着相互转化的关系。我国这两种风险的转化中存在着一定的不合理性,其根源在于制度缺陷,这将是以后改革的重点。研究国有企业财务风险的成因,分析国企财务风险与国家财政风险之间相互转化的机理,斩断其向财政风险的转化链条,对我国财政风险的根本好转有着极为重要的意义。     

对马克思主义的信仰是我国社会发展的一种精神动力——试论邓小平的精神动力思想

在总结中国革命和建设历史经验的基础上,针对我国改革开放以来对精神动力作用重视不够的现象,邓小平提出了关于社会发展精神动力的思想。其中,对马克思主义信仰和共产主义信念,邓小平有着深刻的认识,指出“对马克思主义的信仰,是中国革命胜利的一种精神动力”。它不仅为我国社会发展提供了动力支持,而且丰富了社会主义发展动力学说,是对马克思主义社会发展理论的重大贡献。     

行政垄断与WTO国民待遇原则的冲突法律探析

WTO国民待遇原则要求国内、外企业在国内市场地位平等、公平竞争 ,我国普遍存在的行政垄断破坏了平等竞争的市场秩序 ,与国民待遇原则发生冲突。规制行政垄断必须遵循国民待遇原则 ,有计划、有步骤地进行。     

Analyzing Multiple-Item Measures of Crime and Deviance I: Item Response Theory Scaling

Multiple-item measures of self-reported offending typically provide the principal outcome measures for individual level research on the causes of crime and deviance. This article directs attention to the substantial problems presented by the task of forming composite scores for these measures, and it presents a possible solution to those problems. We consider scaling by means of the graded response model from item response theory (IRT) as a potential means of overcoming the shortcomings of traditional summative scaling and of obtaining valuable information about the strengths and weaknesses of our measures. We illustrate this strategy through a scale analysis of a fourteen-item, self-report measure of delinquency, using three years of data from the Monitoring the Future study, an annual national survey of high school seniors. The graded response model proves to be consistent with the data, and it provides results that address important substantive questions about self-report measures. The findings are informative about the strengths and weaknesses of alternative strategies for developing self-report instruments, indicating that there is little to be gained by making fine distinctions in the frequency of individual delinquent acts.     

十六大的历史地位与主题

中国的改革开放和现代化建设发展到今天,要求我们继续前进,在人民生活总体上达到小康水平的基础上,建设更高水平的小康社会。全面建设小康社会的目标,是历史向我们提出的课题。我们党必须勇敢地担负起这个历史任务。全面建设小康社会,这是实现现代化建设第三步战略目标必经的承上启下的发展阶段,在整个社会主义初级阶段具有很重要的地位。十六大无疑是党的历史上一个重要的里程碑。     

中国经济转型与民族地区经济发展

转型经济学不只是指出转型的方向,更要分析转型的成本,寻求最低成本最小摩擦的转型,即在发展、和谐、合作中实现转型.中国正处于一个从计划经济到市场经济、初级市场经济到现代市场经济的转型关键期;目前改革领域正深入到政治、文化、教育等领域;改革的阻力进一步增强.中国少数民族地区经济发展及经济转型有其特殊性和复杂性.应该加强对宗教信仰的管理和引导,大力选拔和培养民族干部,大力发展非国有经济.     

Venezuela,April 2002: Coup or Popular Rebellion? The Myth of a United Venezuela

This article assesses the merits of opposing National Assembly reports into the coup against President Chávez of Venezuela in April 2002. Looking at the historical context and the content of the reports, it argues that the two opposing accounts reflect a class division that has always existed in Venezuela but has been officially denied. It concludes that a possible exit from the stalemate could be that the opposition accept the reality of this class division and therefore the Chávez government as a legitimate representative of the popular classes. This, however, is unlikely in the present circumstances.     

瞿秋白与马克思主义中国化的历史进程

瞿秋白是我党早期最重要的马克思主义理论家之一，他对早期马克思主义中国化做出过卓越贡献。在他的努力推进下，马克思主义开始以系统的、完整的理论形态出现。他较早提出“革命的理论永不能和革命的实践相离”这一重要命题。他运用马克思主义理论分析中国国情和中国革命基本问题，并形成丰富的理论成果。     

需罚性在犯罪论体系中的功能与定位

作为对我国近年来发生争议的热点案件的一个理论回应,需罚性在犯罪论体系中的功能与定位被提出。我国目前的犯罪论体系均是以应罚性为中心展开的,缺乏对需罚性的判断,从而带来严重的理论与实践困境。犯罪论体系须认真对待刑法体系内的应罚性与刑法体系外的需罚性。从理论上,需罚性就是从刑事政策或宪法上判断有无刑罚处罚的必要性,是以预防的必要性为理论根据架设起刑事政策或宪法与刑法体系之间的桥梁,具有兼顾体系正义与个案正义的合目的性。同时,将需罚性导入我国犯罪论体系具有立法与司法基础,与我国实定法之间具有融贯性。我国应当建构应罚性与需罚性并重的犯罪论体系。     

Identifying with the Nation: Spain's Left-Wing Citizens in an Age of Crisis

This study analyses the extent, sense, and strategies employed by sympathisers with Spanish state-wide left-wing parties to ‘reconstruct’ their affective ties with the Spanish nation after the ‘monopolisation of patriotism’ by Franco's regime. Such an undertaking is further complicated within the context of economic crisis and intensified peripheral nationalism found in Catalonia and the Basque Country. This article applies qualitative analysis to the discourse of left-wing participants from 11 focus groups held in March 2012 amidst the economic (and political) crisis. As expected, this context of crisis favoured the emergence of explicit discourse on the Spanish nation, providing an opportunity to gain a better understanding of its nature. Findings show that welfare nationalism and social patriotism define the kind of attachment developed by the interviewees towards Spain better than the concept of constitutional patriotism, or any kind of ethnic-cultural feeling of belonging.