从中国国情看马克思主义中国化的文化背景

马克思主义的中国化,意味着马克思主义必须有机地融入中国文化及其传统。因此,从中国国情的角度了解并把握中国文化的特质,对于深入阐释马克思主义中国化在学理上的可能性具有重要的前提意义。土地、农民、儒学,既是中国国情的特点,又塑造着中国传统文化本身。从明清之际的"西学中源"说,到晚近的"马克思主义中源"说,虽然是特定历史语境中的某种文化心态的反映,但也从某个侧面折射着马克思主义中国化的可能性。以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人之所以能够创造性地实现马克思主义中国化,其重要原因之一就在于他们熟谙中国国情。由中国国情所塑造的中国文化背景,在自觉和无意识的双重意义上,决定了马克思主义中国化的可能性。     

Decomposing Audience Costs: Bringing the Audience Back into Audience Cost Theory

According to a growing tradition in International Relations, one way governments can credibly signal their intentions in foreign policy crises is by creating domestic audience costs: leaders can tie their hands by publicly threatening to use force since domestic publics punish leaders who say one thing and do another. We argue here that there are actually two logics of audience costs: audiences can punish leaders both for being inconsistent (the traditional audience cost), and for threatening to use force in the first place (a belligerence cost). We employ an experiment that disentangles these two rationales, and turn to a series of dispositional characteristics from political psychology to bring the audience into audience cost theory. Our results suggest that traditional audience cost experiments may overestimate how much people care about inconsistency, and that the logic of audience costs (and the implications for crisis bargaining) varies considerably with the leader's constituency.     

社会服务领域政策理论构建初探

社会服务体系建设包括众多议题,我们不能仅仅考虑政策法规层面和实践层面的建设,更要重视理论层面的建设,只有这样,社会服务体系建设才算完整。需要强调的是,社会服务领域不仅需要一般科学研究提出的社会科学理论和自然科学理论,更需要用于指导社会服务政策和实践、定位于政策的理论,即政策理论。本着这一目的,本文就社会服务领域理论的政策用途、如何构建和构建什么样的政策理论进行初步探索。     

国民革命时期的宋庆龄与妇女运动

宋庆龄在国民革命时期的妇女运动中扮演着重要的角色,是这一时期妇女运动的参与者、推动者,更是国共两党开展妇女运动的融合者。1925年孙中山逝世后,宋庆龄独立参政,利用自己特殊的地位和卓越的政治能力,为妇女运动的推进作出了贡献。正是因为有宋庆龄这样的杰出女性,才使得近代以来中国的女权运动主要由男性精英指导与推动的局限得以突破。她以女性领袖的身份激励妇女追求男女平等,实现妇女参政议政,将中国的妇女运动与国民革命的潮流融合,打破了原来孤立而有限的争取男女平等的运动。     

The changing political culture of the African National Congress

The early elite of the African National Congress (ANC) embraced values of moral improvement, individual responsibility and a sense of social consciousness. The ANC now governs South Africa, but with what appears to be a different set of principles. The current scourge of corruption, increasing state control, coupled with a general lack of service delivery point to behaviour of the ruling party which is inward-looking, self-seeking and self-preserving. Arguing that political culture and its accompanying values and attitudes is a prime motivator of behaviour, the paper seeks to understand the changing political culture of the dominant party. To understand the political culture of the ANC we use interviews with ANC parliamentarians and ANC supporters conducted in 2006–2007 and 2013 as well as an analysis of the ANC's Strategy and Tactics policy documents. We contend that the liberal values of the early elites were never fully embedded, but in their stead is a liberationist culture, where the state is normatively understood to be extensive and embodying the will of the people. We argue, that through the resulting centralized determination of the interests of the people, patronage networks, and diminishing of accountability, a system conducive to corruption and the pursuit of personal interest is created.     

《实践论》对马克思主义认识论的新贡献

毛泽东的<实践论>在马克思主义认识史上具有重要地位.<实践论>在中国革命的实践中捍卫了马克思主义认识论的基本原理,并且在许多方面发展了马克思主义认识论思想,对马克思主义哲学发展作出了重要贡献.     

试论人大监督权与司法独立

司法独立是司法公正的前提,保证司法的工作不受来自外界的不适当干预,才能保障法律的权威性。要实现司法公正也离不开对司法权的合理监督,而这种监督必须以尊重司法独立为前提。司法公正的实现,要求司法接受监督和司法保持独立这两项基本原则之间实现统一和协调。各级人民代表大会常务委员会对司法机关进行监督应遵循适当的原则与方式,人大监督必须以尊重司法独立为前提,必须把监督限制在一定的范围内,采取适当的方式和程序。     

当代政治架构下我国检察权的定位

准确定位检察权,必须正确认识我国的现实国情和政治体制。在目前我国政治架构下,检察权是一种由最高国家权力机关同时也是国家立法机关的人民代表大会授权代表其行使部分监督职能的一种独立的国家权力,与行政权和审判权是一种分权制衡的关系。     

以党的十七大精神指导公安工作应强化八种意识

认真学习贯彻党的十七大精神,关系公安工作全局。以党的十七大精神指导当前和今后一个时期的公安工作,应该理论联系实际,强化八种意识:强化高举旗帜意识、科学发展意识、历史方位意识、服务大局意识、民生为先意识、基层基础意识、改革创新意识和队伍建设意识。     

论刑侦基础工作的几个基本问题

刑侦基础工作是指刑侦部门利用日常职能工作,围绕与刑事犯罪有关的人、事、物等情况和线索,为侦查破案和预防犯罪积累、准备、创造条件,奠定基础,提供支持的工作,它涵盖刑事犯罪情报信息、刑嫌调控、阵地控制等几个方面,具有建设性、备用性、系统性、秘密性等特点。其破案原理是通过搜集和利用犯罪行为实施前和实施后引起的物质变化达到侦查破案的目的,遵循的侦查模式主要有刑嫌调控的从人到案、阵地控制的从物到案和情报信息的从案到案等。