Therapeutic engagement in medium-secure care: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of service users’ experiences

Service users (SUs) detained in forensic hospitals are usually required to engage in psychological therapies aimed at reducing mental distress and/or for preventing further offending. Poor therapeutic engagement (TE) can lead to adverse clinical outcomes and reoffending, at a cost to the individual, staff, the service provider, and the public. To understand what factors influence TE from a SUs’ perspective, the experiences of 10 male residents of a medium-secure hospital were explored. Using a service-user informed design, interpretative phenomenological analysis of interview data was completed. Four superordinate themes emerged: different worlds; what the individual brings; what the therapy entails; and control. Consideration of how these factors may be of use to professionals working in secure care settings is discussed in relation to existing theory and research.     

论我国当前群防群治工作

群防群治是我国社会治安综合治理的重要力量。建国后,国家群防群治工作从实践到理论进行了长期的探索。改苹开放后,群防群治工作有了新的特点和变化,面临新的机遇和挑战。当前全国各地群防群治队伍形形色色,但是基本可以归结为四类,这四类群防群治队伍的组织形式、管理模式、工作内容职责、经费保障有的有规范性文件依据,有的还没有规范性文件依据,实践中作法缺乏统一。当前推动群防群治工作需要做的工作很多,其中通过立法统一、完善群防群治各项工作,加强人防与物防和技防的结合,保障经费,明确工作职责是关键。     

医学生公民意识与医德认知状况调查报告简

医德教育是医学教育的重要组成部分,在我国公民社会积极发育的大背景下,传统医德教育面临现代转型的课题。通过对医学生公民意识、医德及医患关系认知状况的调查,对医学院校医德教育进行评估,初步提出实现公民教育与医德教育有机契合,建构医德教育新模式的建议。     

Long-term Accompanying Service: Reflection on the Specialization in Social Work

Since 2006, China is undergoing a rapid growth in social work. In contrast with the rapid expansion of the scopes and fields for social work, the need for specialization in social work is creasing. Especially in mental health service in community, this demand is even higher. This article is intended to study a project on mental health in community called Assertive community treatment carried out in Shenzhen for 4 years, and finds that: a) the longstanding accompanying service is different from the short-term services; b) the longstanding accompanying service is another kind of specialized social work; c) the longstanding accompanying service is the best way for Chinese social workers to promote specialization of social work.     

Undocumented Border Crosser Deaths in Arizona: Expanding Intrastate Collaborative Efforts in Identification

Undocumented Border Crosser (UBC) deaths in Arizona are a major issue faced by medicolegal authorities. Currently, the Maricopa County Office of the Medical Examiner (MCOME) is in possession of over two hundred unidentified individuals, more than half of whom are presumed to be UBCs. The primary goal of this study was to address the growing number of UBC deaths in Maricopa County in order to provide a more comprehensive picture of this important anthropological issue within the state of Arizona. Of the 107 total UBC cases evaluated for the study, the majority were male and age estimates for all individuals were between 15 to 60 years old. Modeled after the recording system established by the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner, the biographic and geographic data for these cases were entered into a new UBC database at MCOME and later added to the online Map of Migrant Mortality.     

Violence prevention in psychiatry: an umbrella review of interventions in general and forensic psychiatry

Relative risks of violence in psychiatric patients are high compared to the general population and existing evidence in non-psychiatric populations may not translate to reductions in violence in psychiatric populations. We searched 10 databases including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Scopus, from inception until August 2015 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of violence prevention interventions in psychiatry. Reviews were included if they used a hard outcome measure (i.e. police or hospital recorded violence, or reincarceration) and contained randomized or non-randomized controlled studies. Five reviews met our inclusion criteria (n = 8876 patients in total), of which four received a GRADE rating of ‘low’ or ‘very low’. Three randomized studies (n = 636) reported that therapeutic community interventions may reduce reincarceration in drug-using offenders with co-occurring mental illness (‘moderate’ GRADE rating). The lack of intervention research in violence prevention in general and forensic psychiatry suggests that interventions from non-psychiatric populations may need to be relied upon.     

对甘肃省农村以土地为核心的社会医疗保障的现实调查和反思

本文通过对甘肃省农村几地社会医疗保障现状及土地医疗保障能力的抽样调查与分析,揭示了西部农村土地在有效防范农民医疗风险方面能力有限,且有逐渐弱化趋势的问题。且就该问题从国家制度缺失、财政投入不足、医疗救助手段的匮乏等方面进行了深入反思。指出在当前甘肃农村,正确认识土地医疗保障能力,将对广大农户参加合作医疗产生积极的影响,有助于甘肃农村合作医疗制度的推广。同时,就如何建设适合甘肃农村的合作医疗制度的新机制,笔者从模式类型的选择、资金筹集与管理、非正式安排、地方立法安排等方面提出了对策。     

WTO国民待遇在服务贸易和知识产权领域的适用

乌拉圭回合之后,WTO国民待遇适用于服务贸易和与贸易有关的知识产权领域,产生了一些新的法律特点,在适用范围、适用客体及例外限制方面都有了新的变化:在服务贸易领域它从普遍义务走向特定义务,从无条件走向有条件;在与贸易有关的知识产权领域它由形式互惠转为实质互惠,适用于执法和司法救济过程,提高了整体保护水平。     

Why community compulsion became the solution - Reforming mental health law in Sweden

The aim of this article is to understand how compulsory community care (CCC) has become a solution in mental health policy in so many different legal and social contexts during the last 20 years. The recent introduction of CCC in Sweden is used as a case in point, which is then contrasted against the processes in Norway, England/Wales and New York State.In Sweden, the issue of CCC was initiated following high-profile acts of violence. Contrary to several other states, there was agreement about the (lack of) evidence about its effectiveness. Rather than focusing on dangerousness, the government proposal about CCC was framed within an ideology of integrating the disabled. The new legislation allowed for a broad range of measures to control patients at the same time as it was presented as a means to protect positive rights for patients. Compared to previous legislation in Sweden, the scope of social control has remained largely the same, although the rationale has changed — from medical treatment via community treatment and rehabilitation, to reducing the risk of violence, and then shifting back to rehabilitation in the community.The Swedish approach to CCC is similar to Norway, while New York and England/Wales have followed different routes. Differences in ideology, social control and rights orientations can be understood with reference to the general welfare and care regimes that characterize the four states.     

非婚同居的规制不会冲击结婚登记制度

结婚登记制度是非婚同居产生的制度条件,非婚同居不是对现行婚姻制度的冲击,非婚同居制度与结婚登记制度可以相得益彰。法律保护非婚同居,虽在一定程度上弱化婚姻法价值导向,但并没有动摇婚姻的主流地位,破坏家庭法目标的实现。婚姻危机无法缓解,并不能因此归责于法律承认和保护了非婚同居,而应正视和反思婚姻制度自身所面临的问题。法律对非婚同居的承认,并不排斥婚姻制度,人们根据自身的需要选择不同的两性结合方式。婚姻依然是人类自我延续和子女健康成长的必不可少的组织,应将婚姻置于优先保护的地位,赋予婚姻与非婚同居不同的待遇,婚姻家庭模式的主流地位得以巩固。