“河长制”：一个中国政府流域治理跨部门协同的样本研究

流域治理的跨域特征所带来的问题超过了涉水部门单个主体的能力,从而带来了流域治理的协同失灵和碎片化问题。对“河长制”的观察表明,“河长制”跨部门协同可以较好地解决协同机制中责任机制的“权威缺漏”问题,短期内成效明显。通过横向层面和纵向层面的协调机制,大大提高了协同效率。这是一种新型的混合型权威依托的等级制协同模式。但是,以权威为依托的等级制纵向协同的基本特征没有改变,将会面临着“能力困境”、“组织逻辑困境”和“责任困境”的挑战。最后采用菲利普斯分析框架分析了影响“河长制”跨部门协同效率的因素。     

Dental shape match rates in selected and orthodontically treated populations in New York State: a two-dimensional study

Forensically identifying a suspect's dentition from a bitemark in an open population requires the supposition that every person's dental alignment is different. There have been few studies that have tested this claim. Four hundred and ten lower anterior dentitions from a selected population and 110 lower anterior dentitions from one that was orthodontically treated were measured using geometric morphometric analysis, allowing comparison of arch shape. Dental match rates of 1.46% and 42.7% of individuals were found in the respective populations, given an established measurement error. Orthodontic treatment had a strong effect on match rate suggesting that treated or naturally well-aligned dentitions may be indistinguishable. Sexual dimorphism was found to be only slightly significant. Principal shape variation in both populations was degree of arch curvature. Results of studying these populations show that dental matches can occur, and that statements of certainty concerning individualization in such populations should be approached with caution.     

日本医师会医师赔偿责任保险制度介评

始建于1973年的日本医师会医师赔偿责任保险制度,经过近40年的发展,已成为日本医疗事故纠纷解决体系中的不可或缺的机制。该制度的实施不仅为医师供给了价格低廉的保险产品,还为医疗事故纠纷的解决提供便捷渠道。尽管这一制度还不尽完善,但这并不妨碍我们从中汲取经验和启示。     

医疗损害鉴定研究：江苏模式与北京模式比较——基于《侵权责任法》的视角分析

《侵权责任法》实施后我国并没有形成统一的医疗损害鉴定制度。江苏和北京高级法院分别对医疗损害鉴定的具体内容及部分具体鉴定制度进行了明确规定。二者最大的区别在于对医学会鉴定和法医鉴定这两种鉴定模式的优先选择不同。江苏模式优先选择医学会组织的医疗损害鉴定。能够从专业的角度保障医疗损害鉴定工作的完成．但建议加大力度完善医疗损害鉴定的监督机制及省属范围内的异地鉴定制度。北京模式则相对倾向医疗损害司法鉴定。建议完善医疗损害鉴定人的准入制度及医疗损害司法鉴定程序并构建医疗损害司法鉴定专家库。医疗损害司法鉴定制度构建过程中,建议遵循医疗损害鉴定统一性、专业性、标准化及监督的原则。     

提高新农合基金统筹层次必要性探讨

当前新农合基金的县级统筹给新农合基金带来了监管困难、调剂空间狭小、损伤保险的公平性原则等问题,并且会影响参合农民的就医效率。提高新农合基金的统筹层次不仅有利于上述问题的解决,还有利于提高农民参合的积极性,从而推动新型农村合作医疗制度的可持续发展。     

外国人待遇新论

如何理解"外国人待遇",国内学者有不同意见。从词义、词源及逻辑关系来看,"外国人待遇"就是一国依法给予外国人的权利。给予外国人待遇(权利)的原由多种多样,国际上从主权、法治、政治、经济的角度给出了不同的答案,但从国家主权的相对性来看,外国人待遇缘于国家主权、国际人权保护和国家之间的关系。     

Orthodontic surgery and professional liability: the homozygote twin case

A professional liability lawsuit of an orthodontic case is presented through its medico-legal assessment. The patient underwent an orthodontic treatment combined with several maxillo-facial surgical interventions. Several temporomandibular joint complications followed, plus he was unhappy with aesthetic results and modifications to his facial features. He wanted to verify from a medico-legal point of view the treatment received as he believed something was not done lege artis. The result of the orthodontic assessment was that there were no indications for such surgical interventions, along with other professional negligence: no psychological support given and no indications as to the aesthetic results postsurgery. It was decided to carry out an orthodontic assessment also on his homozygote twin brother, who was discovered to have the same malocclusion. His medico-legal assessment did not substitute the evidence obtained from the deceased, but gave added weight to the final technical conclusion.     

安民之要，惟在于核吏治——浅析对“亚腐败”现象的综合治理

当前中国反腐败的决心越来越大,所取得的成效也越来越显著：大批的贪官落马群众拍手叫好;大案要案查处廉洁之风盛行;官本位思想逐渐由民本位思想取代。当一个与中国国情相适应的惩治与预防腐败体系建立时,腐朽之温床中腐败现象依然存在着,甚至孕育了“亚腐败”。“亚腐败”由于其自身的特殊性,容易让人们疏于防范,但是“亚腐败”一旦形成只可能是一个恶性循环。因此,需要对其进行综合治理,以确保反腐败道路的一帆风顺。     

养血化瘀止血合抗凝抗纤溶治疗恶性肿瘤并发弥散性血管内凝血49例

目的 观察养血化瘀止血合抗凝抗纤溶治疗肿瘤并发弥散性血管内凝血（disseminated intravascular coagulation, DIC）的临床疗效。方法 将确诊的肿瘤DIC患者89例随机分为治疗组49例、对照组40例。对照组在积极治疗原发病的基础上给予抗凝抗纤溶治疗,观察组在对照治疗基础上给予活血化瘀止血中药治疗。观察两组临床症状改善时间和两组临床疗效,检测并比较两组治疗前后血小板(platelet count, PLT)计数、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, Fbg)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT)、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time, PT)、纤维蛋白(原)降解产物(fibrin degradation products, FDP)、D-二聚体。结果 观察组临床症状改善时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组PLT、Fbg、APTT、PT、FDP较对照组明显改善(P<0.05);观察组和对照组总有效率分别为69.4%、42.5%,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 养血化瘀止血合抗凝抗纤溶治疗能够明显改善恶性肿瘤DIC患者的凝血纤溶指标和提高临床疗效。     

析我国戒毒模式发展方向

2008年6月1日，《中华人民共和国禁毒法》正式颁布施行，标志着我国禁毒工作从此进入到了依法全面推进禁吸戒毒新的历史阶段，对全面推动我国禁毒事业长远发展具有重大意义。《禁毒法》的实施也标志着我国劳教戒毒的结束。《禁毒法》中明确了我国今后的戒毒发展方向：自愿戒毒、社区戒毒、强制隔离戒毒和社区康复。为此，我国戒毒模式将依法得以重构与完善。