劳动法与小企业的优惠待遇

目前我国劳动合同法和其他劳动立法统一适用于所有企业和个体工商户的做法值得商榷。应充分考虑小企业和个体工商户的自身特点、特殊要求以及劳动法的实施状况，对它们在劳动法上实行一定的优惠待遇。境外的一些国家和地区包括美国、德国、韩国、日本以及我国台湾的劳动法都对小企业实行一定的豁免或差别待遇。借鉴境外的经验，根据我国的具体情况，可以对个体工商户、独资企业、合伙企业以及股份合作企业在劳动合同解除、劳动规章制定、社会保险方面实行一定的优惠待遇，以减少小企业的负担，扶持小企业的发展，并促进劳动法的真正实施。     

预防与处置群体性事件中的警察公共关系

群体性事件的形成与发展是一定的政治、经济、文化等多种社会矛盾的综合反映。警察作为维护社会安定的重要力量,加强对警察公共关系的研究是公安机关更好地预防和处置群体性事件的迫切需要。警察在预防和处置群体性事件中扮演维护社会秩序、保证公共安全的的角色,运用警察公共关系化解社会矛盾是可行的,开展警务公关的具体措施包括:牢固树立舆情观念和公关意识、严密舆情控制、及时开展应对公关及必要时现场喊话公关等。     

从刑法理论看医疗行为的正当性根据

医疗行为从表面看似乎给人体造成一定伤害 ,但其主观目的在于治病救人 ,客观上有利于患者和社会 ,因此具有正当性。但医疗行为的正当性具有严格的条件限制。本文根据允许的危险、受害人承诺、义务冲突等刑法理论 ,对医疗行为的正当性根据作了进一步探讨。     

论医源性不合理医疗费鉴定与赔偿

目的　探讨医源性不合理医疗费产生原因、表现形式 ,以及法医学鉴定与赔偿的可行性。方法随机抽取人身损害赔偿案件 480例 (自 1996到 2 0 0 2年 ,每年 80件 ,不包括 1999年 ) ,对其医疗费进行全面的调查研究 ,并作统计分析。结果存在医源性不合理性医疗费的案件数逐年上升 ,有关费用数额也逐年增加。结论开展对医源性不合理医疗费的审查和鉴定 ,并追究侵权行为主体的法律责任具有必要性和可行性     

当前金融抢劫犯罪的新动向及打防对策

金融抢劫当前向暴力化、职业化、智能化发展,这与金融部门防范疏漏、抢支弹药管理不善、社会消极因素的诱使有必然联系;侦防金融抢劫必须做好案发前期工作、运用多种手段、强化基础工作、强化防范工作,提高刑侦队伍应付此类犯罪的能力。     

医疗事故罪中医疗行为的法律界定

本文在研究了我国台湾地区和日本刑法中的医疗行为后,认为我国刑法中医疗事故罪中的医疗行为是指对疾病的诊断、治疗、堕胎等以医学知识与医学技术为行为的准则,直接作用于人体,导致人体的形态和/或功能发生一定变化或恢复的医学行为的总称。     

Europeanising Gender Mainstreaming: Constraints and Opportunities in the Multilevel Euro-polity

What are the conditions for empowering `gender mainstreaming' as a new policy frame beyond the supranational level in member states and regions of the European Union? This paper is premised on the following assumptions: that mainstreaming will reduce gender disparities in Europe only if it takes root at all levels of decision-making, but that some national gender regimes can be expected to resist mainstreaming more than others, especially because it does not command `hard' legal tools. The puzzle to be examined is how mainstreaming can become effective across the European multilevel polity. It is argued that vis-à-visthe resistance of domestic gender regimes, the Europeanisation of equal treatment norms in national, regional and local contexts over the past decades has generated a variety of mechanisms for the cross-border diffusion of new policy ideas that can help to promote mainstreaming. Drawing on comparative Europeanisation research, this argument is developed in three steps. First, the past performance of member states in the implementation of E.U. gender directives is explored, to identify patterns and dynamics and classify leaders and laggards. Second, current mainstreaming experiences in one of the most conspicuous laggard states – Germany – are examined closely. Finally, as a means of explaining the rather intense engagement of German federal and regional governments with mainstreaming, two factors are highlighted: elite learning, and new governance instruments developed by the E.U. Notwithstanding the steps taken to promote mainstreaming, the prospects for further institutionalization within the E.U. appear contingent on the outcome of the Convention on the Future of the Union and the Intergovernmental Conference planned for 2004, since the invigorating of the subsidiarity principle and the division of competences across the multilevel polity are key issues of debate. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

法医学鉴定中的医疗文书审查

法医学伤情鉴定多需借助医疗单位出具的医疗文书来确定伤情程度,如诊断证明书、病历、检查报告单等。医疗文书往往因为医生的技术水平、责任心及其他人为原因而发生偏差,所以法医在将医疗文书用作鉴定依据时,要审查医疗文书的真实性、关联性和合法性。审查医疗文书一般采用判断证据的方法,即对医疗文书来源的合法性、客观性,诊断依据的真实性、可靠性,诊断结论的科学性、全面性进行审查;以及将医疗文书与同案其他证据加以对照、比较和验证;甚至收集新的证据,以消除医疗文书中的矛盾,确保其准确无误,为法医鉴定提供真实、可靠的医学依据。     

Sexually violent predators and civil commitment: is selection evidence based?

Sexual offenses represent an alarming proportion of crimes committed yearly. To address these concerns, several states, including South Carolina (SC), have enacted laws requiring sexually violent predators (SVPs) to be civilly committed to treatment. To date, no published study has examined sexual offenders recommended for treatment in SC. This study used a specially designed statewide database (SC-SVP research database) to determine which offender and offense characteristics were associated with increased likelihood of being recommended for civil commitment. Factors correlated with being more likely to be recommended included: being of a younger age at time of evaluation, prior sex convictions, having related and unrelated victims, a higher number of victims, frequent substance use, and a history of suicide attempts. Prior sex convictions, having both related and non-related victims, and a higher total number of victims align with characteristics associated with sexual recidivism. Frequent substance abuse and a history of suicide attempts do not mirror previous findings regarding sexual recidivism. These findings present new information regarding the civil commitment process of offenders being committed to the SC-SVP treatment program, characterize types of offenders committed to SC-SVP treatment program, and provide a foundation for using a computerized database in conducting sex offender research.