群体性事件的心理原因及预防处置对策探析

当前,群体性事件已成为影响社会和谐稳定的突出问题。如何正确认识、积极预防、妥善处置群体性事件,是政法战线乃至各级党委、政府必须认真面对的重要课题。本文从群体性事件的社会心理原因着手进行分析,进而提出相应的预防和处置对策,以增强相关部门有效预防处置群体性事件的能力。     

A Framework for the Judicious Use of the Polygraph for Youth Who Have Committed a Sexual Crime

Among professionals working with youth who commit sexual crimes, there is a clear chasm between proponents and opponents of postadjudication polygraph testing. Polygraph use for juveniles is an issue at the forefront of conversation in the state of Colorado, as the Sex Offender Management Board has evolved on positions. Drawing on extant research base, they have conducted a state-level evaluation in Colorado to inform further determinations. Using probation files of youth adjudicated of a sexual crime (N = 62), regression models were run. Youths’ significant reactions on a polygraph test were statistically significantly associated with more disclosures. Nonsignificant reactions, significant reactions, inconclusive results, and more disclosures were statistically, significantly associated with more polygraph testing. Finally, youth with nonsignificant reactions were five times more likely to successfully complete treatment, but test results and number of tests were not associated with recidivism outcomes. A framework for the judicious use of the polygraph is proposed.     

西部大开发 高教要先行

教育尤其是高等教育的优先发展 ,是缩小东西部地区差距、实现西部地区跨越式发展的基础和前提。在实施西部大开发战略中 ,应优先发展高等教育 ,并正确认识与处理好基础教育与高等教育、重点院校与一般院校、数量发展与提高质量和效益、素质教育与专业教育之间的关系。为了抓住西部大开发的机遇 ,加快云南省高等教育的发展 ,建议采取以下措施 :加大高等教育经费的投入 ;进一步扩大高等学校的办学自主权 ,使其真正成为独立办学的法人实体 ;加快民办高等教育的发展 ;重点支持与建设云南大学 ,以之为龙头 ,带动云南高等教育的发展     

制度反腐：转型期腐败治理新效能

更加注重制度建设,拓展从源头上防治腐败工作,这是从根本上加强反腐倡廉建设,从源头上解决腐败问题的必然选择。构建制度反腐体系是提高中国共产党执政能力的内在要求,也是建设廉洁政府的必然选择。加强反腐倡廉制度建设,在完善和创新制度的同时,还要在增强制度的执行力上下功夫,这就要突破儒家传统政治文化,秉持反腐制度设计＂无赖原则＂;弥补制度建设先天性不足,构建操作性强的反腐制度;推进法理型反腐路线,提升反腐制度建设的严密性。     

Criminal Recidivism After Forensic Psychiatric Treatment. A Multicenter Study on the Role of Pretreatment,Treatment-Related,and Follow-Up Variables

This study examined associations between criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment and variables related to either the time before the current forensic treatment, or the current forensic treatment, or the follow-up after discharge. Participants were treated in 12 forensic clinics according to section 63 of the German penal code. A patient was classified as a criminal recidivist when the patient or the aftercare reported that the patient was delinquent at follow-up. Patients without criminal recidivism were patients for which both perspectives (patient and aftercare) reported no delinquency at follow-up. Mann–Whitney U-tests and Fisher's exact tests were performed. Data to classify patients were available for N = 249 patients. Fifteen patients (6%) were classified as criminal recidivists. The follow-up was M = 12.58 (SD = 1.84) months, and the criminal acts occurred M = 6.00 (SD = 5.55) months after discharge. Differences between patients with and without criminal recidivism were found in pretreatment (young age at first crime, early onset of mental disorder, previous forensic treatments), treatment-related (disorder due to psychoactive substance use, gradual release abuses, outbreaks, assaults against staff, criminal act during treatment, type of discharge, outcome ratings), as well as follow-up variables (no specified housing situation, not being abstinent from psychoactive substances, inpatient readmission, course of outpatient treatment, course of mental disorder) (all p < 0.05). To conclude, it is important to consider variables related to the time before the current treatment, treatment-related variables, and variables related to the follow-up to identify the patients at risk of criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment.     

Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Improves Executive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults with Severe Aggression Problems: A Pilot Study

This pilot study (N = 25) compared the effects of a short, four-month version of Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy Outpatient (Re-ART Compact) and the entire, ten-month intervention (Re-ART Complete) on specific executive functioning (EF) and the risk of violent recidivism in adolescents and young adults (13–23 years). Re-ART is a cognitive behavioral-based intervention for adolescents and young adults with severe aggression problems. The Re-ART Compact and Re-ART Complete groups were comparable on the EF measures inhibition, flexibility, emotion regulation, self-evaluation, and self-control, but the Re-ART Complete group showed more improved risk of violent recidivism. We conclude that Re-ART Compact can be used as a compact, short intervention for EF, which is a valuable addition to the field of forensic mental health care where many problem behaviors relate to poor EF.     

试论美国纽约市法庭科学工作

纽约市是美国第一大城市,人口众多,经济发达,其法庭科学在国际上也享有声望。纽约市法庭科学部门主要分布在警察局(NYPD)和法医局(OCME)两大机构,警察系统的法庭科学机构主要负责毒品、微量物证、指纹、痕迹、枪弹及文件检验,法医局则进行DNA、毒化、法医病理、法医人类学方面的检验。本文首先介绍美国的警察制度及纽约市警察局概况,然后分别从警察局和法医局两个部门对纽约市法庭科学的部门隶属、部门设置与工作职能情况进行介绍。     

浅析城市生活垃圾处理方案选择

在进行城市生活垃圾处理方案选择时应对城市概况、技术、经济和财务、环境以及法律政策等 5方面的因素进行全面、详细的调查、分析和评价 ,最终进行总体评价 ,选择出最适宜的方案。     

警察职业道德失范及其治理

警察职业道德是规范警察职业行为的标准 ,警察个体与公安机关内部管理体制自身存在的问题是警察职业道德失范的内因 ,社会负面因素的影响是外因。必须加强警察职业道德建设 ,加强管理制度建设 ,强化监督机制 ,厉行法治。     

医疗机构擅自开展计划生育手术涉及的法律问题探讨

通过对一起公立医疗机构擅自开展计划生育手术案的法律适用及所涉及的违法主体处罚问题进行分析探讨，针对本案调查处理存在的问题提出相应建议，为此类案件如何准确地适用法律提供参考。