Long-term effects of participation in the Baltimore City drug treatment court: Results from an experimental study

This study uses an experimental design comparing 235 offenders assigned either to drug treatment court or treatment as usual. It extends prior analyses of this study sample to examine whether differences observed between drug treatment court subjects and control subjects at one and two years after the start of the program persist after three years, when many of the subjects had ceased active treatment. Further, it extends earlier analyses that showed that the quantity of drug treatment court services received was related to lower recidivism rates by using an instrumental variables approach to handle the endogeneity problem that sometimes arises when subjects self-select into different levels of service. Results show a sustained treatment effect on recidivism, controlling for time at risk. This effect is not limited to the period during which services are delivered. Rather, it persists even after participation in the drug court program ceases. Results also show that the recidivism is lowest among subjects who participate at higher levels in certified drug treatment, status hearings, and drug testing. These positive findings are tempered with findings that more than three-fourths of clients are re-arrested within three years, regardless of participation in the drug treatment court, and that drug treatment court cases spend approximately the same number of days incarcerated as do control cases. Implications for strengthening drug treatment courts are discussed.     

PROTECTING YOUTH PLACED IN UNLICENSED,UNREGULATED RESIDENTIAL “TREATMENT” FACILITIES

Throughout the country, there is considerable inconsistency in how states regulate residential treatment programs for youth. In states with little oversight, the health and safety of youth are unprotected and they may be subject to substandard treatment, rights violations, and/or abuse. Three initiatives to address this issue are reported: (1) an Internet survey of youth who are former residents, (2) a four‐state pilot study of how states regulate and monitor residential programs, and (3) a bridge‐building conference between residential treatment providers and mental health leaders. Recommendations address the next steps for lawmakers, lawyers, judges, mental health and education professionals, and parents.     

论医疗美容案件中原告适格的扩张

医疗美容案件,其损害具有继续性、潜在性。扩大社会公益团体的功能,可以更好地保护消费者的合法权益。而消费者协会在案件中可以成为适格的原告而居于法定诉讼担当的地位是一个有效的办法。     

医学鉴定与法的评价——以日本的判例为视点

探索性医疗技术准入制度要遵循保护患者的权利;控制医疗保健费用的过快上涨,保障全民卫生保健计划的落实;协调患者权利的保护、社会伦理和促进医疗技术的更新与发展的平衡,维护公认的伦理价值准则,维护社会生态安全等基本原则。评估制度、试验质量管理制度、风险管理制度、分级分类制度等是探索性医疗技术准入的最基本制度。     

Substantive rules of argumentation for value judgment in civil law: In the context of academic practice of civil law in China

Value judgment is at the core of civil law. This paper explores how scholars of civil law reach mutual understanding and consensus on specific value judgment by rational discussion in the context of multiple value orientation. Based on a brief evaluation of the theory of legal argument and with the basic value consensus of Chinese civil law scholars as the premise, this paper proposes two substantive rules of argumentation for scholars of civil law to discuss value judgment: First, a strong of equal treatment should be carried out in the absence of sufficient and justified reasons or otherwise; Second, the freedom of civil subject should not be restrained in the absence of sufficient and justified reasons or otherwise. To reach mutual understanding, and on the basis of that to reach new consensus on specific value judgment further, scholars of civil law should base their discussions on substantive rules of argumentation for value judgment, follow rules and forms of argumentation as procedural techniques, and apply proper methods of argumentation. This paper also explores the application of substantive rules of argumentation on two specific value judgment issues of civil law scholars.     

从矫酒税案看WTO中的国民待遇问题

GATT1994第 3条国民待遇已经成为 DSB成立以来所受理的案件中援引最多的条款。本文通过对智利酒税案的介绍和评析 ,并结合专家组和上诉机构在之前受理的日本酒税案和韩国酒税案的分析 ,试图从中得出 DSB处理类似案件一般规则 ,并用以指导我国今后的实践     

死刑犯人道待遇制度化的理论思考——以对死刑犯医疗救治为例说

死刑犯的人道待遇只有制度化为权利才能得到真正的实现。死刑犯的权利在理论上取决于生命权的界定及死刑执行的需要,在实践上受到物质技术条件及人权发展状况的影响。死刑犯享有的权利只有在上述范围内才是合理的。     

医疗事故损害赔偿问题研究(1)(山西大学2004届法律硕士研究生毕业论文)

本文以《医疗事故条例》与民事法律、法规及司法解释的冲突为切入点,首先从医疗事故的构成要件着手分析,将医疗事故界定为“医疗机构及其工作人员在医疗活动中,违反医疗卫生法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗护理规范、常规,过错造成患者人身损害的事故”,拓宽了医疗事故的范围,并在此基础上着重强调医疗机构的谨慎注意义务,缩小了医疗事故的免责事由。其次,经过分析认为医疗事故损害赔偿责任的性质是侵权责任与违约责任的竞合,在实践中应根据当事人意思自治原则区别对待,适用不同的归责原则,同时指出了赔偿范围与标准以及医疗事故鉴定的不足,批驳了“不属于医疗事故的,不承担赔偿责任”的错误观点,论证了惩罚性赔偿原则在医疗事故损害赔偿纠纷中适用的可行性,提出了医疗事故网上鉴定的设想。最后为了强化对患者的司法救济,分散医疗机构的风险,消化医疗机构的损失,平衡医患双方的利益冲突,构筑完整的医疗事故损害赔偿体系,对医疗责任保险的保险范围、除外责任提出了自己的看法,同时提出医事法律应借鉴其他法律的相关规定,对医疗责任保险做出强制投保规定的设想。     

关于我国转型期社会不公问题的思考

我国社会转型时期,在一定范围内和一定程度上存在着社会不公现象,这是由于我国生产力的水平较低、转型期两种体制的并存、道德失范、法制建设滞后等原因造成的。我国转型期的社会不公现象的存在,对我国的现代化建设带来不利影响;导致生产率降低,阻碍国民经济快速健康的发展;影响人们对党的改革开放政策的信赖;影响社会的稳定等。但是我国转型期的社会不公与剥削制度下的社会不公有着本质的区别,它只是一种暂时的现象。     

医疗事故的责任程度--法医鉴定30例分析

目的研究医疗事故鉴定中责任程度的判定.方法通过对30例医疗纠纷案件鉴定资料的回顾性研究和统计分析,分析医疗过失、疾病对不良后果的参与度,确定责任程度大小.结论在医疗事故鉴定过程中,需要特别注意疾病因素对不良后果的影响,这对判定责任程度很重要.