Why Requiring Parents to Pay for Postsecondary Education is Unconstituional and Bad Policy

For divorced parents, the question of who should pay for their child's college tuition is very difficult, especially when the issue was never addressed in their separation agreement. Consequently, some states allow judges the discretion to extend child support duties for noncustodial parents after considering certain factors. Such factors may lead to the requirement of parental contributions to their child's postsecondary education. While many states have amended their statutes to encompass extended child support, Pennsylvania is the only state to have found their statute unconstitutional. Based on the Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision in Curtis v. Kline, this Note argues that, in order to diminish inequalities between divorced and nondivorced parents, as well as between children of divorced and nondivorced parents, all states should amend their child support statutes to declare that no parent is obligated to pay for his/her child's postsecondary education, unless voluntarily agreed to, in writing, prior to the child entering college.     

植物新品种临时保护请求权性质与规范构造

植物新品种临时保护请求权旨在保护育种者自提出或公告品种权申请至授权期间的利益,其性质应属不当得利返还请求权。该请求权的主体为品种权人及利害关系人,其行使应满足时间、行为、实际通知等条件。临时保护请求权的效力范围为请求行为人支付适当使用费,该使用费应以许可费为基础,酌情考虑个案因素加以确定。我国植物新品种临时保护请求权存在权利性质含糊、主体范围狭窄、行使条件不具体及效力范围不明确等问题,应结合UPOV1991文本、其他国家和地区的相关规定及我国司法实践加以完善,以提高我国植物新品种保护水平。     

Immoderation: comparing the Christian Right in the US and pro-Islamic movement-parties in Turkey

This article will discuss the “immoderation” of religious political actors – defined as the continuation of a relatively closed and rigid worldview – through a cross-religious comparison of the Christian Right coalition within the Republican Party in the US with the pro-Islamic movement-parties in Turkey. By adapting a “most different systems approach”, this study will question the similar evolution of two religious political actors in two dissimilar political regimes. In particular, it will question the processes and types of immoderation by looking into (1) “behavioural immoderation”, immoderation for the strategic purpose of forming a small yet ideologically pure supporter base, and into (2) “ideological immoderation”, immoderation as a result of a continued advocacy for a moral role for the state without a full embrace of political pluralism. In this, it will argue that religious political actors are strategic actors who try to guarantee their organizational survival amidst changing costs and benefits of moderation vis-à-vis immoderation. Through its discussion of “immoderation” and through its cross-religious comparison, this study will aim to contribute to the inclusion-moderation literature.     

对我国反诉制度中平衡性机制缺失的反思

反诉制度是现代民事诉讼的一项重要制度,其平衡性机制是实现公正与效益所不可或缺的。但是。我国民事诉讼法却对反诉制度规定得较为简略、粗疏,致使司法实践中对这项制度的适用出现混乱不一、无所适从的局面。通过对我国反诉制度适用受阻现状的反思,从立法理念角度对我国反诉制度中的平衡性机制进行重构具有重要意义。     

城市管理综合执法之理论分析

城市管理综合执法是近几年兴起的一种新的执法方式。由于其尚处于成长阶段,因此在实践中出现了不少问题,这就需要首先从理论上廓清城市管理综合执法的相关问题,从而为城市管理综合执法的完善与成熟奠定一个良好的基础。     

The ‘right to be forgotten’ or the ‘principle that has been remembered’

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled on questions referred by a Spanish court relating to interpretation of the Data Protection Directive and its application to search engine activities. In a controversial judgment, the CJEU found that search engines are data controllers in respect of their search results; that European data protection law applies to their processing of the data of EU citizens, even where they process the relevant data outside the EU; and that a ‘right to be forgotten’ online applies to outdated and irrelevant data in search results unless there is a public interest in the data remaining available and even where the search results link to lawfully published content.     

日本法上的劳动者人格保护—以劳动者健康隐私为中心

劳动者人格保护是现代劳动法上的重要内容。从以恢复劳动者之对等人格的集体劳动法律发展伊始,劳动者如何获得法律上"人"之对待,是促使劳动法发展演进的动力来源之一。我国劳动法上的劳动者人格研究甚少,基本停滞于"劳动者尊严"的保护原则宣誓上,其中,劳动者的健康隐私,在近年社会运动过程中获得了反歧视法上的保护。然而,无论是何种劳动者隐私,均属于劳动者人格权的范围,应当从劳动者人格权保护上予以正视。以日本劳动者人格保护中的健康隐私保护为例,其在实体法和判例法上的经验,可为我国劳动者人格保护问题的研究深入提供借鉴。     

民生发展视角下社会保障权的价值分析

本文首先界定了社会保障权的概念,认为社会保障权作为一项法律权利,其基本价值包括自由、安全、公平、效率等,但是各种价值目标在各种现实条件下都具有特殊性和相对性。其次,中国社会进入“高风险社会”,各种社会问题突出,因此,社会保障权的价值更为重视社会安全和社会正义;而可持续发展观也对传统法的价值体系进行了充实,和谐应成为社会保障权的价值。最后阐述了民生的含义以及民生与社会保障权的关系,即民生是社会保障权的内在求、保障民生是社会保障权的主内容以及社会保障权是推动民生的手段和方式。     

“新工人阶级”的法治生存之道

美国《时代》周刊把中国工人列为2009年度人物亚军,展示了中国工人的力量.在一个不断物质化以及“弱势群体”边缘化的社会,“把工人阶级带回分析的中心”有其理论和方法论意义.梳理工人阶级的历史变迁脉络,廓清“新工人阶级”的法治生存境况,把握作为“阶级”抑或“阶层”的工人群体的主体性及其内涵,是我们辨析其法律身份认同和共同意识的前提和基础.而要使他们真正回归“劳动者”,必须发掘其内在的力量,在法治的轨道上实现其结社自由和罢工权利.     

论大学自治权与学生权利的平衡——从台湾地区司法实践切入

大学自治权不仅涉及与外部国家公权力的关系,也涉及与内部学生权利的关系。从外部视角而言,台湾地区大学自治权获得了宪法性保障地位,不仅可以对抗行政权的不法干涉,也可以对抗立法权的不当规范;从内部视角来看,校园传统的特别权力关系理论被彻底破除,大学生获得了全面的诉讼权。在此背景下,如何在尊重大学自治权与有效救济学生权利之间寻求恰当的途径成为司法实践的关键。台湾地区司法机关在经历一系列的实务尝试后,放弃了合法性审查模式,确立正当性审查模式。这种司法经验值得大陆借鉴。