The Impact of Daubert on the Admissibility of Forensic Anthropology Expert Testimony

Forensic anthropologists anticipated a significant impact from the 1993 Supreme Court Daubert decision, which addressed the standard of admissibility for expert testimony. In response, many forensic articles cited Daubert in the search for objective techniques or a critique of established subjective methods. This study examines challenges to forensic anthropological expert testimony to evaluate whether Daubert has actually affected the admissibility of such testimony. Thirty cases were identified that addressed the admissibility of the testimony, including 14 cases prior to Daubert and 16 after Daubert. Examination of these cases indicates that post‐Daubert cases do not result in more exclusions. Yet, this lack of exclusions may instead be viewed as a manifestation of the field's overall surge toward more objective and quantifiable techniques in a self‐regulating response to Daubert.     

In Situ Identification of Semen Stains on Common Substrates via Raman Spectroscopy,,

The spectroscopic identification of body fluids in situ is a major objective in forensic science. This approach offers the confirmatory, nondestructive, rapid, and on‐scene identification of various body fluids. Although Raman spectroscopy has shown tremendous promise toward this goal in prior proof‐of‐concept experiments, a significant challenge which still remains is substrate interference. Here, an approach for detecting semen stains in situ on various substrates using Raman spectroscopy is explored. Simulated semen evidence was prepared on skin, glass, and various fabrics. Raman data were accumulated from stains without any pretreatment using a common confocal mapping spectrometer using 785 nm laser excitation. The results demonstrate that the spectroscopic interferences encountered by substrates can be reduced and eliminated using a combination of existing subtraction techniques and chemometric models. Heterogeneous substrates proved most challenging, however, automatic subtraction treatment, and location of fluid hotspots was able to elucidate a clear spectroscopic signature of semen in every instance.     

Identification of Natural Images and Computer‐Generated Graphics Based on Statistical and Textural Features

To discriminate the acquisition pipelines of digital images, a novel scheme for the identification of natural images and computer‐generated graphics is proposed based on statistical and textural features. First, the differences between them are investigated from the view of statistics and texture, and 31 dimensions of feature are acquired for identification. Then, LIBSVM is used for the classification. Finally, the experimental results are presented. The results show that it can achieve an identification accuracy of 97.89% for computer‐generated graphics, and an identification accuracy of 97.75% for natural images. The analyses also demonstrate the proposed method has excellent performance, compared with some existing methods based only on statistical features or other features. The method has a great potential to be implemented for the identification of natural images and computer‐generated graphics.     

中国电影产业受众反应的定量分析与文化阐释

电影票房和网络评分是衡量电影产业中受众反应的重要指标。经统计学的定量分析表明,2002至2013年每年票房排名前二的国产影片,其影片票房与网络评分存在线性关系。受众是具有差异性的群体,其观影过程是复杂的解码过程,经历着各自情感的共鸣或者间离。电影的受众群体应区分为专业化的观众和大众化的观众,两者有着不同的逻辑、表述不同的话语、对票房与评分的作用也不尽相同。了解受众的心态与行为,才能更好地促进电影产业的发展。     

论教唆犯未遂的范围——刑法第29条第2款的检讨与完善

教唆犯的未遂涉及到教唆犯和未遂犯两个刑法理论上有争议的犯罪形态,我国刑法学界一般认为刑法第29条第1款所规定的教唆犯存在未遂形态,而对第2款所规定的教唆犯属于何种犯罪形态则存有争议。本文拟就教唆犯未遂的范围略陈管见,探讨“被教唆的人没有犯被教唆的罪”的含义,指出刑法第29条第2款所存在的缺陷并对该款提出完善建议。     

城市交通可持续发展的出行决策障碍分析

阻碍城市交通可持续发展的因素中，由出行决策引起的障碍，不容易破除。该文具体分析了城市可持续发展的公众出行决策障碍来源，通过对城市交通可持续发展机制的研究。在总结中国城市交通发展建设经验的基础上，借鉴其他国家的相关经验，提出了一套包括机制建设、政策法规、交通基础设施建设和技术在内的城市交通系统可持续发展出行决策障碍的综合解决策略。     

两个父系社会家谱的编撰和利用——历史记忆、族群关系及传统建构的人类学研究

汉族周边社会的特殊性使人类学传统亲族研究的理论视角和方法遭到了挑战,摆脱"历史的真实"和结构功能分析理论模式的桎梏,从研究对象之传统建构话语体系的象征分析中寻找理解其自身问题的路径,是研究方法上一种新的尝试。针对两个不同性质父系社会家谱编撰和利用状况的比较,可以为人类学开展家族及亲族研究提供新的视角。     

政府采购制度的经济分析

政府采购是公共财政的重要组成部分,也是政府干预国家经济的一种手段。公开、透明的政府采购制度能确保政府目标的实现,而有效的政府采购制度有赖于其法律的完善与经济行为的理性。政府采购行为其实也是一个博弈的过程。     

绿色壁垒之法律透析

自20世纪70年代末80年代初欧洲率先掀起绿色环保运动以来,相关的绿色环保法规、绿色产品认证制度及标志、绿色包装要求等相继在整个发达国家蔓延,且标准和要求日益提升。实践表明,绿色壁垒已逐步成为继反倾销之后影响国际贸易的另一主要障碍,并呈现出进一步增强的趋势。深入系统地剖析绿色壁垒的成因、特点及现状,对于我国突破这一市场准入门槛,规范和促进本国对外贸易的良性发展具有十分重要的现实意义。