Decision‐making during international crises: A reexamination

The purpose of this research note is to reexamine the methods and codings of crisis decision‐making processes performed by Herek, Janis, and Huth in 1987, and thereby to discuss the role of the case survey method as a means to build theory in the study of foreign policy. The research reported here uses a somewhat different measure of decision‐making process quality and a slightly expanded list of data sources than were used by Herek and his colleagues. It reevaluates a subset of the cases explored in the previous study. This research note largely confirms the analysis of crisis decision‐making processes presented in the previous study, though it notes and discusses some discrepancies. Furthermore, this reexamination seeks to contribute to our understanding of crisis decision‐making processes by using a different conceptualization of decision‐making process quality and thus a different coding procedure.     

宋代立嗣制度探析

立嗣之俗古已有之 ,唐以前的法律对之只有零散的规定 ,宋律则对立嗣作了全面、系统的规定 ,使之成为专门的制度。立嗣于宋代形成制度 ,浓厚的宗法家族观念是其土壤 ,日益增多的立嗣之讼是其主要促成因素。     

法社会学视野中的法官造法

本文立足于立法中的理性主义与经验主义之争 ,分析立法中根深蒂固的缺陷 ,比较和区分两大法系中法官适用法律的不同方法与结局 ,系统阐释司法实践中法官解释和适用法律的几种状况 ,探析法官造法的必然性与限定性     

谈优秀多媒体CAI课件的制作

随着计算机多媒体技术的飞速发展,制作多媒体课件已成为信息化社会每一名教师要思考的问题。文章主要谈了多媒体CAI课件开发平台及工具的选择与素材积累、多媒体CAI课件的设计、加快高校CAI资源库的建设三个方面的问题,以期对教师们有所帮助。     

词典编纂中的人文感悟和用户意识

词典的社会需求从本质上说是词典用户对知识和信息的需求,这种需求往往带有浓厚的时代精神和人文感悟,其在词典学活动中的体现便是编者的用户意识。词典编纂者不仅要描绘作为符号的语言,还应描绘作为文化的语言以满足用户对词典的应用需要。     

赋权与互动:一次成功的倡导活动——中英项目云南大龄女童论坛与女孩一起工作的案例研究

文章展示的是云南"中英大龄女童技能培训和能力建设合作伙伴项目"的论坛活动之一.论坛以15-18岁来自农村贫困和民族地区的大龄女童为主体,让她们有机会向高层决策者表达自己及其生存社区女孩的心声和需求,进而推动政府、媒体及全社会对这部分特殊女童的积极关注.文章写实性地描述了论坛的设计与思考,赋权女童的过程以及倡导的过程和结果.     

论陈云的决策思想与实践

陈云的决策思想与实践,包括5个方面的内容,它们是:以实事求是为原则,严格从实际出发进行决策;以为人民谋利益为宗旨,稳妥务实,科学决策;以调查研究为基本方法,弄清情况,决定政策;以正确选择为落点,通过交换、比较、反复作出决策;以培养具有决策能力的干部为基础,不断提高全党的决策水平。     

“上有政策,下有对策”作为错误行为的前提分析——关于一种纵向政治关系合理性的探讨

纵向政治关系是靠推行和执行政策来构成的,其合理性制约着政治的效能。“上有政策,下有对策”具有必然性、普遍性,但作为错误行为则是有条件的,实践中不加分析地给予全盘肯定或全盘否定都是有害的。要稳定政局,维系、发展、提升纵向政治关系,就必须确保纵向政治关系的合理性,特别是保证政策的合理性,尽可能防止或及时纠正政策的不合理性。     

Cognizance and Consultation of Randomized Controlled Trials among Ministerial Policy Analysts

Consultation of scientific evidence by policy actors has been the foci of attention of knowledge utilization scholars for decades. The present study questioned the extent to which randomized controlled trials (RCTs)—generally seen as the gold standard of scientific research—are known and consulted by policy analysts in ministerial settings. Using cross‐sectional data collected in 17 ministries in Québec (Canada), our study showed that fairly high levels of policy analysts report never having heard of RCTs, thus possibly hindering effective communication of scientific results to relevant policy makers. Statistical analyses reveal the importance of cognitive factors in explaining both phenomena.