试析司法过程中的道德因素

法律与道德的关系是一个古老而常新的话题。在法治国家 ,法律居于道德之上 ,法律具有比道德更高的权威。但是 ,正如众人所知 ,道德形成于法律之前 ,在人类文明发展的漫长一段时期内 ,道德构建了并维持着社会生活的秩序 ,且有效性至今不衰。正是如此 ,法律与道德并非是截然分立的两种社会控制方式 ,两者相互渗透 ,存在一定的重合性。至于道德对法律领域的渗透 ,不仅体现在立法层面 ,在司法层面上亦是显而易见的。本文旨在通过分析司法过程中道德影响的原因、表现及对它的控制 ,对道德因素在司法过程中的影响作粗略的探讨     

夫妻财产制度的道德基础和未来走势

本文主要通过考察夫妻财产制度的发展来分析夫妻财产制度道德基础的变化,通过对几种夫妻财产制度的分析,总结出夫妻财产制度道德基础变化的依据和社会背景,并对未来之夫妻财产制度作出预测。     

法的道德性基础论证

法律主治要求调整国家和社会生活的唯一准绳是法律.法治所依据的法律是良法,它的生发点在于道德;法律的施行过程需要道德的支撑;广大人民遵守法律的落脚点在于一种道德自律.从立法过程到适法过程,从执法主体到守法主体,都体现出法的道德性基础.     

官德建设的误区及其对策

官德建设是在反腐败斗争中群众关注的焦点,官员的道德价值趋向和道德表现,具有示范效应和导向作用。当前存在着官德建设过分依赖人性而忽视理性的看待人和分析人;过分依赖自律而忽视他律和制度建设的误区。在官德建设中,要避免官德建设的超前性与社会道德的现实性相混淆;要避免把个人道德置于制度道德建设之上。     

Efficient compensation for employees' inventions

We analyze a legal reform concerning employees' inventions in Germany. Using a simple principal-agent model, we derive a unique efficient payment scheme: a bonus which is contingent on the project value. We demonstrate that the old German law creates inefficient incentives even if litigation cost is zero. However, the new law (concerning university employees) and the pending reform proposal (concerning other employees) also fail to implement first-best incentives. With suboptimal incentives to spend effort on inventions, the government's goal, an increase in the number of patents, is likely to be missed. A part of this research was done while I enjoyed the hospitality of the University of California in Santa Barbara (Economics Department) and Berkeley (Law School). Financial aid by the Thyssen Stiftung is gratefully acknowledged. classification K 12 . J 33 . C 72     

加强德育实践性，探索德育新途径

从德育的内容、途径、方法上对德育的实践性进行了深入的探讨。大学生全面素质的提高最终是通过各种有益的社会实践来实现的,取决于他们日常的积累和养成。德育工作者要认真设计活动的内容,使学生在活动中积极思考,能动的选择并逐步达到自我完善的过程。     

Post‐conventional Political Cultures via Processes of Direct Democracy: Theoretical Considerations Based on Jürgen Habermas and Lawrence Kohlberg

In this article, it is proposed to differentiate political cultures in two dimensions. First, inspired by Habermas' distinction of the contents of discourse, a distinction is suggested between moral, ethical‐political and pragmatic elements of political culture as well as of an element of culture of balancing interests. Second, inspired by Kohlberg's stage models for the development of the individual moral consciousness and for moral culture, a distinction is similarly suggested between two pre‐conventional, two conventional and two post‐conventional collective stages of political culture. It can be shown that from a normative point of view, only deliberations made in a post‐conventional political culture can produce reasonable or at least fair results. Conceptual considerations indicate processes of direct democracy as the method for promoting post‐conventional political cultures. The more liberty that the citizens have to formulate and trigger processes of direct democracy, the more one can expect from them to generate post‐conventional political cultures.     

康德的历史概念和历史哲学——三种解释的尝试

康德历史哲学的地位和理论基础长期以来处在争论当中。以历史理性批判问题为线索,康德的历史哲学相关文本可以分为三类:自然理性的现象史、判断力的反思史和道德理性的建构史。道德理性的建构史代表了康德后期关于历史哲学的成熟思考,实践理性批判因此可以看作为康德历史哲学的理论基础。     

云南警官学院普通专业大学生思想道德状况调查报告

通过对云南警官学院普通专业学生思想道德状况的全面调查分析,思想政治主流积极健康、价值取向积极向上,但也存在一些不容忽视的问题,要解决这一矛盾,需要合理的教育与引导,也需进一步完善教育制度。     

论佛教道德及其现实意义

佛教本身是一种出世的宗教,以追求生死解脱为核心,却有着浓厚的入世精神和人文关怀.但是今天佛教面临着现代社会的诸多挑战,我们不得不承认佛教的命运决定于对社会的关怀,佛教的价值决定于对21世纪人类社会的作用。在构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中,如何发挥佛教的作用,也决定着中国佛教的未来发展走向。