对称和参差的完美统一--初论我国现行行政公文文面的形式美

我国现行行政公文已进入一个成熟和规范的时期 ,公文的形式美在国家行政公文中已充分地表现出来。我国现行行政公文文面的形式美是公文形式美的重要内容 ,而对称和参差则又是构成我国现行行政公文文面形式美的两个重要因素。在我国现行行政公文文面上 ,对称的美和参差的美都是由有关的公文要素规范标识后形成的 ,它们既对立又统一 ,共同构成我国现行行政公文文面形式美的基本框架     

不同经济形态治安秩序特征的分析

不同经济形态的治安秩序有不同的特征,我国自然经济条件下的治安秩序是以追求绝对稳定为价值取向,以“三纲五常”封建伦理为调控手段,以“德主刑辅、以法辅礼”为基本对策的治安秩序;计划经济条件下的治安秩序是以区域封闭为特征,以高度统一为基本控制模式,随社会政治动荡而发展变化的静态治安秩序;市场经济条件下的治安秩序是以社会治安动态平衡为价值取向,以法律控制为基本模式,适应社会经济和个性发展的现代治安秩序。     

人类发展理念的三次飞跃：自然地球观、社会经济观和科学发展观

以经济学家李嘉图、马尔萨斯为代表的自然地球观和以经济学家舒尔茨为代表的社会经济观,均从不同角度提出了有关人类经济社会发展和可持续发展的问题,都具有“里程碑”的性质。而科学发展观是我们党在吸收人类发展理论精华的基础上,提出的新阶段社会主义现代化建设的指导思想,是人类发展理念的又一次重大飞跃。因此,我们应当加深对党的科学发展观的理解,进一步牢固树立和认真落实科学发展观。     

Determinants of knowledge transfer: evidence from Canadian university researchers in natural sciences and engineering

This paper addresses three questions: First, what is the extent of research transfer in natural sciences and engineering among Canadian university researchers? Second, are there differences between various disciplines with regard to the extent of this transfer? And third, what are the determinants of research transfer? To answer these questions, the paper begins by differentiating between technology transfer and knowledge transfer. It then identifies the individual researcher as the unit of analysis of this study and introduces a conceptual framework derived from the resource-based approach of firms. The paper then reviews the literature on each of the factors included in the conceptual framework, beginning with the dependent variable, knowledge transfer. The conceptual framework includes four categories of resources and one category of research attributes that are likely to influence knowledge transfer. Based on a survey of 1,554 researchers funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), comparisons of means of research transfer across research fields were conducted. Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the determinants of research transfer by research field. The results of these analyses indicate that researchers transferred knowledge much more actively when no commercialization was involved than when there was commercialization of protected intellectual property. This paper thus adds to the relatively scarce evidence about knowledge transfer by examining knowledge transfer from a broader perspective than strict commercialization. The findings of this paper are also interesting for other reasons. We obtained statistical evidence indicating that researchers in certain research fields were much more active in knowledge transfer than those in other fields, thereby pointing to differences in levels of knowledge activities across research fields. Furthermore, we obtained evidence showing that only two determinants explained knowledge transfer in all the six research fields considered in this study, namely, focus of research projects on users’ needs, and linkages between researchers and research users. Statistical evidence obtained indicates that the other determinants that influence knowledge transfer vary from one research field to another, thus suggesting that different policies would be required to increase knowledge transfer in different research fields. The last part of the paper outlines the implications of the regression results for theory building, public policy and future research.     

虚开增值税专用发票罪认定中的几个疑难问题

虚开增值税专用发票罪,在司法实践中存在比较大的争议:一是多人分别实施虚开与骗税行为如何适用刑法第二百零五条第二款;二是虚开数额的认定;三是虚开增值税专用发票罪与其他相关犯罪的竞合问题;四是单位和自然人构成虚开增值税专用发票罪的认定。     

论设置自然垄断产业政府管制机构

从20世纪90年代起,我国对原有的自然垄断行业的政府管制机构进行了改革。为打破行业垄断,我国建立独立的政府管制机构并完善管制法规为必要之举。但是随着反垄断执法机构与政府管制机构的同时介入,必然会引起两者之间在某些领域管辖权冲突,为此,需要从制度安排上避免出现这种冲突。     

Identifying the effect of mobilization on voter turnout through a natural experiment

Although numerous get-out-the-vote field experiments have identified the effects of particular mobilization tactics (e.g., canvassing, phone calls, direct mails) on voter turnout, we do not yet have a full understanding of the causal effect of overall mobilization. We study this by leveraging a natural experiment in Japan, in which the timing of a municipal election is as-if randomly assigned. The results show that almost concurrently held municipal elections boost these municipalities’ voter turnout in prefectural elections by one to two percentage points. We argue that some unique settings in Japan allow us not only to mitigate omitted variable bias but also to attribute the estimated effect only to mobilization, rather than the effects of cost sharing and psychological stimulus.     

基于自然垄断行业特点的政府规制失灵及其防范

当前,普遍存在的行业垄断现象已成为社会关注的焦点问题。在我国从计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中,政府对自然垄断行业的规制仍然存在着诸多失灵的领域。本文在分析我国自然垄断行业自身特点及政府规制失灵原因的基础上,指出了防范自然垄断行业中政府规制失灵的路径。     

自然法的理智主义与意志主义之争——中世纪晚期自然法思想研究

中世纪晚期是自然法思想由古代向近现代、由神圣向世俗转变的重要过渡期。宗教、政治、经济和文化等方面的因素程度不同的作用于自然法观念的变迁。其中,启示信仰与哲学、宗教神圣与世俗之间的矛盾冲突构成了其根本的动力。在此基础上,自然法理论的发展呈现为理智主义与意志主义两条不同的进路,它们在有关自然法问题的各个方面展开了激烈的争论,不仅决定了其后自然法理论的走向,也影响着我们当下的选择判断。     

Electoral context,habit-formation and voter turnout: A new analysis

Drawing on the concept of habitual voting (Plutzer, 2002), Franklin (2004) argues that the effects of electoral context on voter turnout will be largely limited to the cohorts who have experienced few elections in their lifetime. Those with more electoral experience would thus remain unaffected. Testing the above hypothesis is a way of a feasible indirect examination of the concept of habitual voting. Such tests have so far focused primarily on the impact of electoral competitiveness on turnout. I propose a new superior analysis of Franklin's hypothesis that, I claim, approaches the standards of a natural experiment. My test – focusing on the national election cycles as a contextual trait of the European Parliament elections – delivers new evidence supporting this hypothesis.