党员志愿服务及其创新机制分析

当前,党员志愿服务蓬勃发展,在体现为人民服务宗旨、帮助困难人群与家庭、弘扬文明与道德风尚、改善党员与群众关系、塑造服务型党组织等方面发挥积极的作用。但是,党员志愿服务要避免"作秀、加负、变味、垄断"四个偏差,尽量做实做好,真正满足人民群众的需求。党员志愿服务的创新发展,可采取"四个联动"策略,即党员志愿者与社会组织联动、党员志愿者与社区农村联动、党员志愿者与专业机构联动、党员志愿者与信息网络联动,通过党员志愿者的示范带动,建立邻里守望的社会环境,倡导行善立德的社会风尚。     

2014年印尼总统大选出现的新变化及其影响

竞争激烈、备受关注的2014年印尼总统大选最终以政治新星佐科维获胜而落下帷幕。与2004年和2009年两次总统大选相比,2014年印尼总统大选出现了很多新变化,这些新变化使得2014年的总统大选具有划时代意义,载入印尼政治发展史册。不过,印尼首位平民总统佐科维及其政党联盟没有赢得国会多数席位,这为他今后执政带来很大的挑战,他是否有政治魄力克服政治、经济上的挑战,落实他的竞选政纲,还需要拭目以待。     

国学与"新国学"精神

“新国学”是在国学的基础上提出的一种以自己独特的文化立场和学术价值判断为基点进行开拓的新概念,是观念的变化,不仅需要观念、心理的认同,还需要学术、文化、主体、实践、审美等方面的认同。在众多的研究者论说中,它实际上就是新“精神”的倡导与实践,主要表现为学术精神、实践精神、主体精神与文化精神。     

都市佛教的实证考察——以福州K寺为例

本文运用田野调查等实证研究方法,以福州开元寺个案,归纳分析都市佛教社会参与的变化,观察都市佛教在社会功能上的转型。本文对这个问题进行探索,目的是以之为都市佛教在现代社会的存适提供一个个案研究实例的参照。研究结果表明,以佛教社会学的角度。对僧团进行多学科的个案研究,以反映出都市佛教不断转型的历史轨迹,也是有价值的。     

"新思维"之误——简评戈尔巴乔夫执政时期苏联国家大战略的运用

执掌国柄的政治家,在治理国家的过程中最忌讳的是对关乎国家前途和命运的重大战略问题做出失误的决策。一旦发生这种失误,不管他们起初的愿望是多么的美好和善良,都会给国家和民族的命运带来灾难性的后果,苏联在20世纪80年代后期发生的国家解体无疑就是明证。这一切的发生,决定于苏联社会的内在演变,而作为戈氏国家大战略指导思想的"新思维"起到的作用也不可低估。正是在它的指导下,苏联的国家政策一步一步向西方让步和妥协,从而最终导致自毁国家实力地位的恶果。     

苏东社会结构转型的社会学分析:阶级与阶层的视野

本文通过对苏联东欧社会变迁的实证分析,从社会结构分层的视角探索苏东社会转型的原因及过程.首先,高度工业化与城市化所导致的城乡社会结构的改变,是苏联东欧社会转型的根本原因,这是它与东亚、拉美等国或地区的社会转型具有深层关联性的一面.而农民迁移到城市的结构性流动所产生的复杂流动机制和分层机制,对苏东社会转型带来了直接的影响和冲击.苏东社会的中间阶层,其价值观、社会功能和政治态度对激进的制度转型具有不可低估的作用.其次,先是深层次的社会结构发生转变,即由农民向城市工人的阶级分层发生变化,然后才是表层的社会结构发生转变,即在市场化背景下,苏东社会的阶层分层因利益多元化而发生分化.苏东社会结构转型的具体过程明显地分为这两个阶段.     

Escaping Poverty and Securing Middle Class Status: How Race and Socioeconomic Status Shape Mobility Prospects for African Americans During the Transition to Adulthood

This article draws on extant research from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, and economics to identify linkages between individual, family, community, and structural factors related to social mobility for African Americans during the transition to adulthood. It considers how race and class together affect opportunities for social mobility through where African Americans live, whom they associate with, and how they are impacted by racial and class-related stigma. Of particular interest is social mobility as accomplished through academic achievement, educational attainment, employment, economic independence, and homeownership. Research on five issues is reviewed and discussed: (a) the unique vulnerabilities of newly upwardly mobile African Americans, (b) wealth as a source of inequality, (c) racism and discrimination, (d) the stigma associated with lower-class status, and (e) social and cultural capital. The article concludes with a summary and directions for future research.

The Role of Youth’s Ratings of the Importance of Socially Supportive Behaviors in the Relationship Between Social Support and Self-Concept

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between the perceived frequency and perceived importance of social support with youth’s self-concept. Data from a large representative sample of 921 children and adolescents in grades 3 through 12 were analyzed. Results indicated that the relationships between the frequency of social support from parents, teachers, classmates, and close friends with self-concept were significant. However, only the perceived importance of social support from teachers was significantly related to self-concept. Finally, an interaction was found between the frequency of social support and the importance of social support from classmates and close friends on self-concept. These results suggest that self-evaluations of the importance of teacher support may be especially influential for youths’ self-concept, and that the ability to discount the value of support from classmates and friends, when it is lacking, may be protective to the self-concept of children and adolescents.

Conflict Beliefs,Goals, and Behavior in Romantic Relationships During Late Adolescence

Little is known about social cognition regarding conflict in romantic relationships during late adolescence. The current study examined beliefs, social goals, and behavioral strategies for conflict in romantic relationships and their associations with relationship quality among a sample of 494 college students. Two dimensions of conflict beliefs, constructive and destructive, were identified. Constructive conflict beliefs were associated with relationship-oriented conflict goals and negotiation strategies during romantic conflict. Destructive conflict beliefs were associated with conflict goals focused on revenge or individual needs (self or partner) and with destructive conflict behavior (aggression and compliance). Conflict goals partially mediated links between general conflict beliefs and specific conflict strategies. Conflict beliefs, goals, and behavior also uniquely predicted the degree of conflict and intimacy in romantic relationships.

Trust in international organizations: An empirical investigation focusing on the United Nations

The literature on social capital has strongly increased in the last two decades, but there still is a lack of substantial empirical evidence about the determinants of international trust. This empirical study analyzes a cross-section of individuals, using micro-data from the World Values Survey, covering 38 countries, to investigate trust in international organizations, specifically in the United Nations. In line with previous studies on international trust we find that political trust matters. We also find that social trust is relevant, but contrary to previous studies the results are less robust. Moreover, the paper goes beyond previous studies investigating also the impact of geographic identification, corruption and globalization. We find that a higher level of (perceived) corruption reduces the trust in the UN in developed countries, but increases trust in developing and transition countries. A stronger identification with the world as a whole also leads to a higher trust in the UN and a stronger capacity to act globally in economic and political environment increases trust in the UN.