中国汉族成人颅骨CT片同一认定方法的研究

目的建立对中国汉族成人颅骨CT片进行同一认定的方法。方法按照纳入标准收集100例中国汉族成人颅骨CT片，对确定的识别指标进行观察和测量，对各指标的观测结果进行分类编码，然后按观测顺序编制特异的12位颅骨CT片识别编码。运用SPSS13．0统计学软件对所得数据进行各指标年龄和性别差异的统计学分析，利用个人识别能力公式计算单个指标和总体指标的个人识别能力。结果12项识别指标中有6个指标存在男女性别差异；12项指标累计个人识别能力可达到99．9997997％。结论本文确定中国汉族成人颅骨CT片12项观测指标，利用指标分类编码法可进行中国汉族成人颅骨CT片的同一认定。     

国外主要组织压力理论模型的比较与评析

西方组织压力理论一直在引导和推进该领域的研究发展方面起了积极有利的作用。通过对几个主要的组织压力理论模型的比较和分析,可以看出这些理论之间的一些共性和差异,以及它们目前所存在的局限性,同时可以展望未来的研究方向。     

我国司法鉴定制度改革刍议--兼论两大法系鉴定制度之比较

司法鉴定制度是现代国家司法制度的重要组成部分。面对中国司法鉴定制度的现状以及借鉴两大法系鉴定制度的成功经验,我们应当采取诸如加强对司法鉴定人员的资格认证和管理工作,建立与完善司法鉴定程序制度和取消法院系统内部设置的司法鉴定机构并加强民间鉴定机构的建设等一系列措施,来维护司法公正。     

两湖平原的乡村混混群体:结构与分层——以湖北G镇为例

乡村"混混"是乡村生活中影响很大的群体。目前活跃的主要是第二代和第三代混混,他们有着独特的群体特征和个性特征,并在混世过程中形成了关系组织结构,组成了独特的乡村江湖联盟格局。乡村混混有特别的混世之道和规避风险的策略,乡村江湖中存在着有规律的社会流动。乡村混混因其在乡村江湖中所处的分层位置不同而享有不同的非法利益。     

The challenge of identification following the tragedy of the Solar Temple (Cheiry/Salvan, Switzerland)

On October 5, 1994, 48 members of the Sect of the Solar Temple were found dead at two different locations in Switzerland: 23 victims in Cheiry and 25 victims in Salvan. Our Institute was commissioned to solve the forensic problems presented by this tragedy. Our goals were to establish the time of death, determine its causes, help elucidate the surrounding circumstances and identify the victims. This work presented us with the following challenges

• this catastrophe was of an ‘open’ type: there were no lists of ‘passengers’;

• the victims were of five different nationalities and many had just arrived in Switzerland to participate in this event;

• family ties were very complex within the group;

• half of the victims were burned and sometimes charred;

• the exceptionally intense media coverage of the story put a lot of pressure on the investigators and our Institute.

In spite of these difficulties, all the victims were positively identified within 1 month. In the present report, we describe the steps realized to progress in our work. A special section describes our relationship with the journalists and their invaluable help in our investigations. The importance of being prepared for such an event is discussed.     

组织体罪责理念下单位故意的认定:以污染环境罪为例

我国理论通说和司法实践在认定单位犯罪时习惯以自然人的行为和意志为关联和前提,这种个体主义的思路存在诸多缺陷。单位既不能被还原为单个的自然人,也不是自然人的简单集合,组织结构、管理制度、经营方式等客观因素是单位的重要组成部分。单位具有独立的意志和刑事责任。需以整体主义的视角判断组织体罪责,单位犯意仍需区分故意与过失。单位故意是个体在单位内的决策机制或默认规则之作用下最终形成的意志,既有自然人意志的主观色彩,也深受单位客观因素的影响。从整体上把握单位的决策机制、管理制度的政策倾向、管理运营的惯常模式可以帮助认定单位故意。     

Public Innovation Capacity: Developing and Testing a Self-Assessment Survey Instrument

Governments around the world are pressed to develop innovative solutions for the wicked problems they are facing. To develop these solutions, the public innovation capacity—defined as the capacity to develop and realize new ideas for societal problems—is of crucial importance. This article builds a model of the public innovation capacity on the basis of innovation systems theory and the literature on public innovation. Five functions—mobilizing, improvising, vitalizing, balancing, and coordinating—are identified and operationalized to construct a self-assessment survey instrument for governments. This instrument in tested by using it to self-assess the public innovation capacity of a Dutch municipality. This test highlights the validity of the instrument and shows that it helps to identify weaknesses in the public innovation capacity. This measurement can form the basis for a reflection on the government organization’s public innovation capacity as a basis for interventions to improve this capacity.     

Enhancing Employees’ Work Performance through Organizational Justice in the Context of Financial Crisis. A Study of the Greek Public Sector

In a period of economic crisis, the increasing pressure of sparse financial resources and the structural reforms in labor law are factors pushing and forcing managers of both public and private organizations to do more with less. The current study explores how employees’ performance in the public sector is affected by perceptions of organizational justice in terms of resource allocation (e.g., benefits and compensation). The responses received from a sample of 490 employees working for public organizations in Greece indicated that work performance is significantly and positively related not only to employees’ satisfaction with pay, but also to employees’ perceptions of distributive and procedural justice.     

俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼中犯罪人有罪证明中的相关问题

《俄罗斯联邦刑事诉讼法典》第15条明确了辩论制原则，但其存在一定的负面效果。该法第86条的证据收集规则使有悖于指控倾向的事实材料、非国家机关性质诉讼参与人取得的鉴定结论及专家结论一律无法归入案卷。这打破了审前诉讼阶段的控辩平等，违背了刑诉法．最终导致了案件客观真相难以查明的后果。     

宪法权利视角下的美国目击者辨认证据规则

自1967年的United States v.Wade案开始,美国最高法院逐步发展出目击者辨认证据(排除)规则。在各时期主流司法理念的影响下,律师帮助权和正当程序权利这两项宪法权利共同见证着该规则盛极而衰的历史演变。尽管正当程序正经受国际化浪潮的影响,但是却受到当前美国主流司法理念的抑制,于是很难再产生一次新的革命,目击者辨认证据规则的这一重要理论基础从而也大为削弱。该规则很难再单纯地继续因循修补加完善的传统套路,而是同时需要另辟蹊径采取成文法化的路径来规制辨认程序,这是美国司法界目前及未来面临的一项重要课题。