政府行为对企业技术创新风险影响路径

采用实证方法研究了政府行为对企业技术创新风险的影响路径问题。以某高新技术开发区为实证对象验证结构方程模型,检验调查问卷结构效度及量表数据信度,应用多种拟合优度指标评价模型并计算相关参数。结果表明:政府强化知识产权保护会降低企业政治及市场环境风险,政府采购及市场扶持会降低企业市场环境风险,财税及融资支持会降低企业经济环境风险,加强软硬件环境建设会降低企业软硬件条件及人文环境风险;而企业市场环境及经济环境风险的降低会导致技术创新项目需求风险的下降,技术创新项目需求风险及企业政治环境风险的降低会导致技术创新立项决策风险的减轻,企业人文环境风险的降低会导致企业员工能力风险的下降,企业员工能力风险的下降则会导致企业管理水平风险的减轻。     

路径依赖与“落地空间” ——平台用工治理的困境与策略

平台经济劳动者的权益保障问题已经成为当前政府治理的焦点，然而对于地方政府如何实施治 理则鲜有研究，挖掘地方政府的治理逻辑对宏观制度实施具有重要意义。基于送餐平台劳动者的调查和对四个地 区政府相关人员的访谈，本研究梳理了当前地方政府治理的困境，并分析了地方政府采用的应对策略。研究发现， 在缺乏系统的宏观制度支撑下，地方政府采用依循传统制度或塑造新的制度空间来增强治理的合法性，但这种 做法具有明显的路径依赖特征。而在制度执行的过程中，地方政府则采用在现有制度空间中寻求变通的方式使 治理目标“落地”。随着我国针对新就业形态劳动者政策的逐步完善，制定地方性政策的空间将会随之扩大。     

欧元模式与东亚货币合作模式的比较分析

作为两种典型的国际货币合作模式,欧元模式和东亚货币合作模式适应了不同区域的历史文化特点和政治制度与经济发展的需要,在国际区域货币合作领域具有重要的代表意义。在国际区域货币合作的形成动因、路径选择、"锚货币"确立及最优货币区标准的满足程度等方面,二者之间既有一定共性又有诸多区别,通过对比,可以更清晰地看出东亚货币合作的优长和不足之处、进程缓慢的主要原因以及加快前行的方向所在。     

The limits of market power in shaping international regulatory cooperation: path dependence and loss avoidance in the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations

What factors shape the ability of the United States to negotiate international regulatory cooperation? This paper discusses three theoretical approaches that help to explain the potential for regulatory change – market power, historical institutionalism, and loss avoidance – and applies them to the negotiation of regulatory issues in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). It seeks to understand why the regulatory disciplines in some TPP chapters were more rigorous than those in other chapters. Focusing on case-studies of the chapters on state-owned enterprises and regulatory coherence, the paper argues that the market power of the United States is more likely to secure stronger regulatory disciplines when there is: (1) a strong loss avoidance coalition in the USA pushing for change, and (2) a weakly institutionalized regulatory framework among parties in a given issue area that makes path dependence less important.     

Interrogating sub-Saharan Africa's high economic growth rate and low poverty reduction rate: A poverty paradox?

Sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) high economic growth coincides with an increase in the level of poverty. In a panel of 40 SSA countries over a 30-year period, while accounting for the potential spillover effect of poverty in the region. The study found that economic growth recorded over the years has not translated to poverty reduction, particularly, in resource-rich economies of SSA. The result also shows that income inequality worsens the effect of economic growth on poverty and that the poverty-reducing effectiveness of growth varies considerably across sectors, across space, and over time. The research findings suggest that governments across the region, particularly, in oil-exporting countries in SSA must diversify the economy away from oil (toward the service sector) to reduce poverty in the region.     

Commentary on Mazlish: “The hi-jacking of global society”

Abstract

History and traditions are important for many civil society organizations (CSOs). However, CSOs have to mediate between their original mission and modern-day realities. This article argues that understanding the concept of decoupling can enrich analyses of how organizations deal with path dependency. Hence, this article discusses cross-fertilization between historical and organizational institutionalism. This is illustrated through a study of Swedish CSOs using survey data, interviews and documents. The Swedish popular movement tradition is argued to be a path that is not easily abandoned, and the results of the surveys and interviews included here show how actors in CSOs find history to be both a resource and a constraint. Furthermore, different decoupling strategies, including both reversed and official decoupling, are used to balance between historical legacies and current challenges.     

EFFECT OF MOXIBUTION GUANYUAN POINT ON MONOAMINES NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN MORPHINISTIC DEPENDENCE MORDELES OF MICE

目的：为临床针灸戒毒促进康复提供实验依据。方法：观察艾灸关元穴对吗啡依赖小鼠脑组织单胺类递质含量及吞噬细胞活性等指标的影响。结果：艾灸组动物脾重增加,吞噬细胞活性提高,脑内单胺类递质含量呈降低趋势,其中ＤＡ 低于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５） 。结论：艾灸可调节吗啡依赖小鼠的吞噬细胞活性,阻抑停用吗啡后脑内ＤＡ、ＮＥ 和５ ＨＴ的骤然释放,从而起到改善戒断症状、促进康复的作用。     

公安院校学生思想现状分析与突围——基于“路径依赖”的视角

公安院校思想政治教育,存在着理论与实践的双重困境。其中既有根植于传统价值观念与管理行为思维的内生困境,更凸显于学员个体差异与思想政治教育模式简单的外在表征。因此,提高公安院校学员思想政治教育的主动性、时效性与针对性,必须更新教育观念,创新教育形式,健全运行机制,真正消弭思想与行为之间的"路径依赖"。     

西方债务危机背景下公共福利制度困境的探索与反思

在美欧债务危机背景下,公共福利制度遭遇阻滞社会发展的瓶颈,这种困境凸显在各国政府面前,引起社会各界的探索与反思。从学术角度来看,既要挖掘公共福利制度困境的理论诠释与缺陷,又要探索公共福利制度发展的理论框架与分析路径。从实践角度来分析,既要剖析妥善解决公共福利制度困境的主要影响因素,又要反思公共福利制度困境带来的逆向公正问题。归根结底,公共福利制度的改革势不可挡,公共组织、企业与社会组织都应该成为社会福利的责任主体,建立政府、市场与社会合作共担社会福利责任的机制迫在眉睫。     

当代大学生职业价值观探析

随着市场经济的逐步深入、全球化影响的不断加剧以及我国高校扩招政策效应的显现,当代青年大学生的就业问题日益凸显,其职业价值观表现出理想化与现实性并存、趣味化与技能性并存、依赖性与独立性并存等矛盾性特点。正确认识当代青年大学生职业价值观的特点及形成原因,教育和引导大学生形成适应社会主义市场经济发展规律的职业价值观,是政府、高校及家庭的一个重要任务,也是青年大学生自身所面临的新挑战。