论中国非暴力犯罪死刑的逐步废止

以长远的眼光观之 ,死刑的命运必然是走向终结。就中国现阶段的综合情况而言 ,可以经历如下三个阶段逐步废止死刑 :一是先行逐步废止非暴力犯罪的死刑 ;二是进一步在条件成熟时废止非致命犯罪 (非侵犯生命的犯罪 )的死刑 ;三是在社会文明和法治发展到相当发达程度时 ,全面废止死刑。目前 ,应及时将非暴力犯罪死刑的逐步废止问题提上日程。中国废止死刑之路 ,应以逐步而及时地废止非暴力犯罪的死刑为切入点     

中国大城市社会发展综合评价指标体系的建构

社会发展评价指标体系作为度量社会发展水平的一种工具,自“社会指标运动”兴起半个多世纪以来,世界各国陆续建立的有不下数十种,但此前尚无一种能够适用于我国社会转型后大城市社会发展的度量。为此,我们设计了专门用于评估我国大城市社会发展水平的指标体系。这套指标体系经试测检验和国家权威机构专家的论证,认为其涵盖性和逻辑性较强,能充分体现我国大城市的社会发展特点,并能对其进行比较客观和准确的评价,亦具有较强的分析比较功能。     

A Metric Comparison of Predictive Hot Spot Techniques and RTM

There are numerous hot spot mapping techniques that can be used in research and in practice for predicting future crime locations. Due to differences in the varying techniques, metrics were developed to compare the accuracy and precision of these techniques. The predictive accuracy index (PAI) and recapture rate index (RRI) were used to assess six different hot spot techniques. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Crime, Nearest Neighbor Hierarchical, Kernel Density Estimation, and Risk Terrain Modeling were the general techniques compared in relation to their PAI and RRI values for short-term and long-term prediction of robberies. The results of the study were discussed with an emphasis on the utility of using multiple techniques jointly for analysis.     

死刑替代利弊分析

死刑存废之争在世界范围内沸沸扬扬,然而坚持适用死刑的国家无论面临来自国际还是国内的废除死刑压力和呼声,仍在适用死刑。我国适用死刑的总趋势是减少,甚至逐步被替代,替代是接受彻底废除死刑观念的过渡。事实上,我国刑法大部分适用死刑的犯罪不存在替代问题;另一方面,替代也可能会带来某些负面效应,并对立法和司法提出新的挑战。     

刑罚的伦理价值

刑罚是刑法的核心。作为法律概念,刑罚充分体现了法律和道德之间密不可分的联系。体现这种联系的一个重要方面就在于刑罚必须具有正义、功利和公平这三种既相互联系又相互区别的伦理属性。正义是刑罚存在的基础,功利是刑罚追求的目的,公平是贯穿刑罚始终的原则和方法。     

地方政府间竞争的影响要素分析

地方政府之间的竞争直接影响着地方经济和社会发展的总体态势。影响地方政府间竞争的因素有居民流动性、政府间协调机制、法制环境和地方官员政绩考核标准。     

the death penalty: An American history

Stuart Banner's thoughtful book, The Death Penalty: An American History (2002), serves as the basis of this review essay which explores the forces shaping the nation's experiences with capital punishment. The essay traces Banner's account of important death penalty developments throughout American history and examines justifications traditionally offered in support of capital punishment, issues of administration, and execution protocols. It concludes by projecting that, consistent with historical trends and nagged by serious and recurring administrative problems, the death penalty in America will in due course become a thing of the past.     

Effects of psychopathy and violence risk testimony on mock juror perceptions of dangerousness in a capital murder trial

The recent introduction of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) into the sentencing phase of capital murder trials has heightened concerns about the potentially prejudicial impact of such information on jurors, who might give disproportionate weight to this diagnosis when determining whether a defendant is a “continuing threat to society”. To investigate this issue, 238 undergraduates read a case summary based on US v. Barnette ( ), in which prosecution testimony was presented regarding the presence of a mental disorder (psychopathy, psychosis, or no disorder). Compared to the “no disorder” condition, participants rated psychopathic defendants as more likely to be violent in the future, even though testimony related to level of risk (high or low) was held constant. The difference in perceived dangerousness across the psychopathy and no disorder groups was particularly pronounced when the experts described the defendant as being at low risk. A similar pattern of effects was noted for the psychosis condition, suggesting that the impact of mental disorder testimony on perceptions of dangerousness may not necessarily be specific to the PCL-R.     

Notes on contributors

In the Kosovo crisis, Germany for the first time since 1955 joined NATO military combat operations in a major way. While this has often been interpreted as a fundamental major departure ('normalisation') in Germany's post‐war foreign policy, this article argues that Germany's willingness to contemplate joining a NATO war even without a mandate by the UN Security Council represents an evolution, rather than a fundamental change in Germany's foreign policy orientation. This evolution can be explained best as a logical and consistent response of Germany's foreign policy identity which reconciled, through modification, its traditional post war foreign policy identity as a ‘civilian power’ to a radically different security environment.     

Murder Followed by Suicide: A Newspaper Surveillance Study Using the New York Times Index

Abstract: Murder–suicide is a relatively uncommon event but as reported by the New York Times, it has occurred and continues to occur yearly. Previous research has indicated that those who commit murder–suicides tend to be men, are in or have been in an intimate relationship with the victim, victims tend to be women, and a firearm is most likely to be used. This study uses a newspaper surveillance methodology to examine such cases. Articles from the New York Times as found in the New York Times Index were coded, analyzed, and examined. The cases, 166 in total, support the findings from prior research. The trend data was examined by cross tabulations and chi‐square analysis. The findings suggest that murder–suicides are rare events and when they occur they usually involve a male perpetrator and an intimate partner victim who is either a wife or girlfriend with the event occurring in a private home. A firearm is the most commonly used method for both murders and suicides, particularly if there was more than one murder victim. The authors conclude by suggesting that future research should focus on using the forthcoming data resource in the CDC’s National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) to examine the occurrence of murder–suicide.