Discourses of morality and truth in social welfare: the surveillance of British widows of the First World War

Drawing on Sarangi and Slembrouck's work on the language of State-sanctioned bureaucracy, this paper will explore one of the ways in which this developed in Britain in the early twentieth century. Looking in particular at the war widows' pension scheme as implemented under the Royal Warrant of 1916, this paper will explore how the first (financially) non-contributory pension, and the first specifically directed towards women in Britain, developed a system of State-sanctioned surveillance and parsimony that continues to this day. The data used draw upon a number of individual case studies, showing how the State saw part of its role as the obligation to subject women to scrutiny and judgement, making infidelity and misbehaviour grounds for the denial of their widows' pension. As this article will explore, a wide variety of agents positioned themselves as, in some way, responsible for the moral surveillance of widows and even the most gossipy reports appear to have been treated with some degree of seriousness. This article will illustrate how a “new” type of bureaucratic relationship developed between State and citizens in the early twentieth century that remains in place a century later.     

转变执法观念坚持执法为民

出入境边防检查工作处于我国改革开放的前沿,并担负着维护国家安全和社会稳定的重大职责.为适应变化了的形势,我们应进行一场思想观念上的重大变革,以"三个代表"重要思想为指导,全面推进出入境边检机关的执法工作.     

胡锦涛"为民"思想与马克思主义群众观

当今时代特征的变化对历史唯物主义的发展提出了新要求,胡锦涛从马克思主义群众观的角度回应了这一时代呼唤,明确提出中国共产党要始终做到“权为民所用,情为民所系,利为民所谋”,丰富和发展了马克思主义群众观。     

警民团结协作 共造良好执法环境－关于夯实社会治安防范基础的思考

面对充满挑战的新时期 ,人民警察要认真学习实践“全心全意为人民服务”宗旨思想 ,坚持党的群众路线 ,努力提高自身政治素质、法律素质、业务素质 ,积极做好群众工作 ,加强警民协作 ,共同营造良好的社会政治、经济、执法环境 ,共同夯实群防群治的社会治安防范基础。     

论建立“以人为本”的社区警务服务理念

社区警务是一个以治本为主、治标为辅的预防犯罪战略。“以人为本”服务理念 ,强调的是实施社区警务中 ,社区民警要在思想上转变观念 ,实现自身角色转变 ,即管理者向社会服务者转变 ;其次 ,行动上改变过去的工作方式、方法 ,下到社区、居民中间 ,做到“沉下去、坐得住、听得进” ;再次 ,体现在构建社区公共安全预防体系上 ,构造群防群治网络。     

雾中人——美国戏剧中的“逃遁者”形象

尤金·奥尼尔开始了美国戏剧重于分析社会现实的严肃戏剧传统,美国戏剧中出现了大批的"逃遁者"形象.尤金·奥尼尔、田纳西·威廉姆斯、阿瑟·米勒和爱德华·阿尔比四位大师的多部经典剧作中的"逃遁者"形象,他们因其各自背景不同而选择了不同的逃遁者方式.这些"雾中人"使观众走出迷雾,看到生活的真相.     

1975年到20世纪90年代初移民美国的第一代印支本地人与华人:人数与生存方式

本文首先分析了移民美国的两类印支移民(印支本地人和印支华人)各自移民的背景和人数,然后在比较他们与其他在美亚裔民族的不同特点以及分析两类印支移民各自特点的基础上,对他们在美生存适应的基本状态作了分析.本文认为,两类印支移民的共同特点对他们有利的一面是,容易形成本族群社区,因此存在形成本族群凝聚力的客观环境.不利的一面是,大部分人必须从社会的底层做起,产生族群精英的时间会滞后,因而整个族群在美国社会中的地位不高.但两类印支移民原先在印支的主要社会职业不同,聚居地不同,文化差异甚大,在移民美国前就各自独处,在移民后几乎将各自小社会的一切带到美国,形成两大族群内部各自以小圈子为基本单位进行自助自救的生存方式.     

社会工作介入城市回族社区建设之探讨

本文立足于当代中国城市回族社区建设的需要,从社会工作的价值取向、功能及工作方法和技术的分析入手,认为社会工作已经构成城市回族社区建设的新要素,社会工作的介入能够使城市回族社区建设获得更大的绩效。在此基础上就社会工作介入城市回族社区建设中需要注意的问题提出了一些建议。     

"严格执法,热情服务"是新世纪我国公安工作和公安队伍建设的指南

"严格执法,热情服务"是中国最广大人民根本利益和为人民服务宗旨的体现,是新世纪我国公安工作职能的体现,也是新世纪我国公安队伍素质标准的体现.     

Regulating political advertising in the EU and USA: a human rights perspective

Underlying the American model of political campaign communication are the US Constitutional guarantees of free speech, which secure the rights of citizens to support political candidates of their choosing and express that support in various forms, from bumper stickers to television advertising. Courts have at times struck down measures regulating political advertising, including limits on the amounts of such advertising and the amounts of funds which candidates, parties and individuals may spend on election‐related speeches and advertising as infringements of these rights. With few exceptions, in the USA, government may not limit the number of spots a candidate airs in an election. In Europe, international norms concerning free expression and fair elections appear in a number of legal instruments, including, most recently, the UK's Human Rights Act 1998 and the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights. This paper compares the role and development of American First Amendment doctrines in limiting restrictions on political advertising in the USA with the development of comparable norms of free expression under the European Convention on Human Rights, European Union treaties and legislation and national laws of the member states and accession countries. In particular, this paper addresses the validity and enforceability of European legal limits on number, timing, placement, quantity and content of political advertisements under applicable human rights rules and similar regulations. The paper concludes that (1) a combination of European legal instruments, including the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Community Treaty, the European Community's ‘Television Without Frontiers’ Directives and the Council of Europe's Convention on Transfrontier Television offer protections of a kind and type which broadly track the protections of the USA's First Amendment; that (2) it seems that governmental justifications for restricting these freedoms are more readily accepted in Europe than they might be in courts in the USA; and that (3) certain restrictions on political advertising identified in previous studies as existing throughout Europe will face increased judicial scrutiny and some of them are probably illegal under European Human Rights principles. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications