The First Time is the Hardest? A Cross-National and Cross-Issue Comparison of First-Time Protest Participants

The study aims to extend the existing knowledge about the dynamics of first-time participation in protest events. To tackle that puzzle we rely on extensive and innovative protest survey evidence covering 18 separate demonstrations in eight countries across nine different issues. On the individual level, age, motivation, and non-organizational mobilization appear to be consistent and robust predictors of first-timership. On the aggregate level, demonstrations staged just after or during a protest wave, large demonstrations, and demonstrations of old or new emotional movements are attended by a relatively larger share of first-timers. We conclude that it is thus the interplay of individual- and aggregate-level determinants that produces first-time participation.

论清代命案初验之运作

本文以白描的手法勾勒了清代命案发生后,初次检验的运作情况。从中可以看出,清代的检验运作总体上是严谨的,由于官僚体制、诉讼模式等的不同,其呈现出与今日不同的面相。由于审验合一的特性,清代的检验在命案审理中之地位远较今日重要,检验是理解清代命案诉讼的一把锁匙。     

湘西永顺土家族祭油神习俗研究——基于长光村的田野调查

祭油神习俗是湘西永顺土家族历史上普遍存在的一种文化现象,现今还保存在部分土家族传统村落之中。永顺长光村土家族祭油神习俗主要表现在油茶生产的相关禁忌以及仪式两个方面。湖南永顺油茶林农复合系统是武陵山区农业生产的重要内容,是活态传承着的重要农业文化遗产,从这个意义上来说,祭油神是一种农耕文化习俗。     

Youth Mental Health First-Aid: Juvenile Justice Staff Training to Assist Youth with Mental Health Concerns

Many youth in juvenile justice settings meet criteria for a mental health condition. Front line staff need to be able to recognize and respond to their needs, but training is often lacking. Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA) is an 8-hour training for adults without mental health education to recognize and assist distressed youth. This study surveyed 1,279 [State blinded] DJS front-line staff trained in YMHFA. Of 338 returned surveys (26% response), 44% reported using YMHFA skills at work, 56% in preventing a crisis, 25% during crises. Respondents rated YMHFA as significantly improving their responsiveness to distressed young people.     

人民政协协商民主制度发展的三维度视角

从人民政协协商民主的实践及其制度建构的价值诉求看,人民政协协商民主已成为中国民主政治生活的基本形态之一、政府决策过程的必经程序、加强执政党执政能力建设的重要途径。健全人民政协协商民主的制度和机制,亦应该从这三个维度上把握。如此,可使人民政协的协商民主获得程序化制度化理性化的发展。     

中国新型政党制度的治理意蕴

新中国成立七十年来,中国新型政党制度作为产生于中国土壤的一项基本政治制度,不断发展成熟。中国新型政党制度是极具中国特色的制度设计,也是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,其中国共产党领导下的"多党合作与政治协商"特征淡化了长久以来政党制度的"管理"倾向,凸显了"治理"特性。中国新型政党制度所具有的主体多元性、过程协商性和实践合作性等治理特征,使得多党合作的治理效能得以真正发挥,彰显了中国新型政党制度的优越性。     

人民性——党规与国法关系共存的逻辑

党内法规与国家法律的关系问题是当下党内法规研究中的一个核心问题。党内法规是中国共产党维护全党团结统一实现奋斗目标,用以调整和规范党内各方面关系的制度体系。新中国的国家法律是党领导人民为维护国家统一实现人民幸福而制定的用以构建国家、社会、公民各方面利益及关系的制度体系,是实现依法治国基本方略的载体。党内法规与国家法律都是体现人民意志并围绕着中国社会的治理实践展开和发展的。我们需要认识这两大制度体系的区别,但尤其需要认识这两大制度体系的共存和统一。党的十八大以来,习近平关于党内法规与国家法律关系的一系列重要论述提示人们:鲜明的人民性,是构成党内法规与国家法律关系逻辑共存和实现统一的深厚基础。     

CHANGE AND DISCONTINUITY: WAR AND AFGHANISTAN, 1904–1924

In the imaginations of many, war in British India had its focus on the North-West Frontier and was fought against the tribes of that region. However, British thinking about Indian defence involving Afghanistan underwent tremendous change over the period under consideration. British plans to meet a Russian invasion on the Kabul-Kandahar Line in 1904 resembled those of any other Nineteenth Century Imperial campaign, with numbers of infantry and cavalry still being thought of and referred to as bayonets and sabres. Twenty years later, heavily influenced by the experiences of the Great War in the region and the Third Afghan War and associated operations, the calculus was different with logistics changed by motor vehicles and the introduction of what today are referred to as force multipliers, such as aeroplanes and machine guns. It was over this period that warfare as fought and conceptualised by men like Napoleon gave way to modern practices familiar to us today.     

第一个政党性的国际工人组织——第一国际光芒四射

1864年成立的国际工人协会,史称第一国际.从马克思为它起草的成立宣言和共同章程可以看出,它不是一般的群众性的国际工人组织,而是第一个政党性的国际工人组织.它旨在从上而下促进各国建立工人阶级政党,领导工人阶级夺取政权,实现工人阶级解放.第一国际存在12年.它大力支持各国工人争取自身权益的斗争和被压迫民族的民族解放运动.它促进了第一个工人阶级政党德国社会民主工党的建立和第一个工人政权巴黎公社的事业.它促进了马克思主义战胜各种非科学社会主义流派,促进了科学社会主义的发展.它的历史地位是在以前的共产主义同盟和以后的第二国际之间承前启后、继往开来的桥梁和引擎.当今学习第一国际的历史,有特别重要的现实意义.     

关于中交一航局职工文化建设情况的调研报告

中交一航局的职工文化建设,多年来已形成诸多行之有效的成功经验,但也存在一些需要改进的问题。今后应通过加强职工文化自信意识引导、探索项目部职工文化阵地标准、打造职工文化建设品牌、实现“两转两延一提升”,来全面提升该项工作的质量。