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161.
鉴定人的法律责任是保证鉴定质量的主要制度措施.其中鉴定人的刑事责任更为重要,通过对鉴定各个阶段的鉴定行为的分析,确定鉴定人的刑事责任的范围,并对鉴定人刑事责任的立法完善提出建议。旨在对司法鉴定人行为提醒,保障鉴定人队伍的健康成长。  相似文献   
162.
社会稳定是社会各个阶层普遍关注的一个重大理论问题和现实问题,它是任何一个国家和政府都努力追求的社会状况和社会理想。当前,我国正处于综合国力快速增长期,维护社会稳定,为经济发展保驾护航,准确地把握社会稳定面临的形势,制定实施相关政策,有效化解社会矛盾既是党政执法机关的必修课,又是服务于社会经济、政治全面发展的职责所在。  相似文献   
163.
论我国个人信用征信中隐私权的保护   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
市场经济是信用经济,个人信用征信势在必行,而在个人信用征信过程中,存在着信用信息的流动与隐私权保护的矛盾冲突。目前,我国已经采取了一定的措施来平衡这对矛盾,但是笔者认为还存在诸多问题,只有完善隐私权的一般规定、制定个人信息保护法、构建个人信用活动的具体规则,才能真正保护个人信用征信中的隐私权。  相似文献   
164.
泰国刑法典关于刑事责任的规定,内容涉及故意、过失、错误、责任能力、正当化事由、可以减轻处罚的具体情况等方面,理论基础深厚,归责要素丰富,体系较完整,为正确适用刑罚提供了立法保障,并具有较强的先进性和科学性。借鉴泰国刑法典的立法经验,我国应加紧建立或完善刑事责任的刑法理论,以丰富刑事责任的归责要素;在刑法典中设专章规定刑事责任,以突出刑事责任的独立地位;科学构建我国刑事责任具体的归责要素内容和归责体系。  相似文献   
165.
The Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) were endorsed by the United Nations Human Rights Council in June 2011, following the six‐year mandate of the Special Representative to the Secretary General (SRSG) on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises. The SRSG developed a framework comprised of three pillars: (1) States have a duty to protect against human rights abuses committed by third parties, including business enterprises; (2) business enterprises have a responsibility to respect human rights; and (3) victims of business‐related human rights abuses need access to effective remedies. In particular, guiding principle (GP) 11 provides that business enterprises should respect human rights, that is, they should avoid infringing on the human rights of others and address adverse human rights impacts with which they are involved. This article considers the implications of the Guiding Principles' framework for business; the continuing role of conventional accountability mechanisms in providing access to remedy for victims under the third pillar of the framework; and developments in ‘hard law', with a particular focus on the approach by the UK, since the introduction of the UNGPs, before turning, briefly, to the future for business and human rights.  相似文献   
166.
Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology.  相似文献   
167.
In the conventional method of DNA extraction from nails, it takes approximately half a day to dissolve the nails. In this study, we examined whether using the HOrizontal Nail MAshing (HONMA) method, in which pressure is applied to the nail to crush it flat and increase its surface area, would improve DNA extraction efficiency. Fingernails (5 mg) provided by ten volunteers were used as samples. Nail pieces (1–3 pieces), shredded with nail clippers, were thinly stretched by applying 2 t of pressure to each piece using a hydraulic press. DNA was extracted by incubation at 56 °C for 10 min and 1 h during proteolysis. DNA yield from the nails pretreated using the HONMA method increased by 0.20–7.10 times compared with that from unprocessed nails. In particular, 10-min incubation using the HONMA method resulted in an average 2.05-fold increase in DNA yield compared with that under overnight incubation. However, the impact of using the HONMA method varied widely among individuals, and the amount of extracted DNA decreased in some cases, suggesting that the yield may differ depending on the nail quality.  相似文献   
168.
在我国矿难等生产安全责任事故中,存在着司法机关对监督过失者无法追究或者很少追究刑事责任的司法错位,造成了安全生产事故防控的困难和罪刑的失衡。化解这一司法困境的进路是借鉴监督过失理论,构建我国的国家公务人员监督过失责任追究机制。具体建议为:其一,设立业务监督过失罪和职务监督过失罪;其二,在监督过失犯罪中增设资格刑和罚金刑;其三,在司法中适用“信赖原则”限制司法权力滥用;其四,在诉讼程序上实行“举证责任倒置”。  相似文献   
169.
公司社会责任是公司在追求利润最大化的同时对社会应尽的责任。我国公司社会责任的实体法规定相对完善,而在诉讼法领域却一直缺少与实体规定相对应的救济程序,导致公司违反社会责任,对社会公共利益构成危害时没有合适的诉讼程序对其进行追究,因此,构建公益诉讼程序应是完善我国公司社会责任司法实践的重要步骤。依据我国具体国情,应从立法和实务操作上分别着手,改革我国的诉讼结构,构建公益诉讼制度,以期增加公司社会责任的可诉性,把公司社会责任真正落实到司法实践中。  相似文献   
170.
The current criminal law on loan defrauding is flawed. It requires reflection and improvement. On the basis of an empirical research into the precedent loan defrauding cases, under the guidance of the self-responsibility theory, this article advocates the timely decriminalization of the borrower as the victim and calls to account the lender’s legal responsibility. Legal enforcement on negative responsibility and the practical criminal law interpretation provides support for this measure. The rationale of the decriminalization of the borrower and the legal responsibility of the lender should be ensured according to the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified purpose, instead of any arbitrary expansion of its application. Its purport is to seek an effective path for the balance and coordination between the borrower and the lender in their interest relationship, so as to solve actual problems such as financing difficulties in practice, which is a comprehensive and effective protection for both sides’ legal interests, and is an innovation and harmonious development of the socialist market economy in our country.  相似文献   
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