电子证据的相关问题

在美国,使用电子证据已经成为法庭上非常普遍的现象。陪审团审案时,试图使用电子证据的检察官要想使得初审法官采纳该电子证据必须克服一些阻碍。一些证据标准被设计来限制陪审团的事实发现过程。检察官可要求法院启动庭前审理程序来决定电子证据是否可以被采纳。建立一个电子证据保管链和专门处理电子证据的既定机构程序是检方工作的关键环节,这样能确保法庭调查中获得陪审团的信任。挑选能认同电子证据重要性的人员担任陪审团成员非常重要,同时还要避免选择那些想要根据自己专业知识来主导陪审团决议的人员。     

Mediation as Signal

This paper analyzes mediation as a signal. Starting from a stylized case, a game theoretical model of one-sided incomplete information, taken from Cho and Kreps (1987), is applied to discuss strategic effects of mediation. It turns out that to reject mediation can be interpreted as a negative signal while the interpretation of accepting or proposing mediation is ambiguous and does not necessarily change the prior beliefs of the uninformed party. This asymmetry suggests that, in equilibrium, there is an excess of mediation.     

朋友与敌人：两种不同的宽恕传统

中国与西方哲学文化传统的差异决定了两种不同的宽恕传统。从根本上说,这种差异来自对宗教不同的态度。宗教观的不同决定了宽恕态度是否存在形而上学意义上的超越性,或者是对超越的精神承担道德责任。儒家和道家都不是西方意义上的宗教,其宽恕观念局限于“人事”,从而是非超越的;现当代欧洲哲学延续了超越的宽恕观念,即谅解不可谅解之事。宽恕观念上的差异是阻碍中西两种文明相互理解和沟通的主要障碍之一。     

从治理组织选择理论的角度解读自愿连锁

作为连锁经营的三大组织形态之一的自愿连锁在我国的发展步伐正在加快,中小零售企业将自愿连锁作为应对实力强大的外资零售巨头和突飞猛进的本土大型连锁企业的主要途径。威廉姆森的组织形态选择理论对自愿连锁进行了深入分析,可为我国中小连锁企业发展自愿连锁提供思路与策略选择。     

What Drives the Selection of Political Information on Google? Tension Between Ideal Democracy and the Influence of Ranking

The emergence of the Internet has altered how individuals obtain information—this also applies to political information. Search engines have taken over the role of political information gatekeepers, thus becoming key players in democracy. However, surprisingly little is known about the role of search engines in the political information process, that is, whether they represent an opportunity or a threat to democracy. Through an online survey experiment, which mimicked a Google web interface, this study examines how Swiss citizens select political information on a political news event from a Google search results page. Although citizens consider textual cues from snippets, they are more likely to select sources of information from the top of a Google results page, regardless of the source. We discuss these findings from a democratic theory perspective.     

我国公共部门人力资源管理变迁的趋向分析

现代人力资源管理理论的引入,促进了我国传统的人事管理开始逐步向现代公共部门人力资源管理转变。在这一转换过程中,公共部门人力资源管理呈现出新的发展趋向:在管理理念上实现以事为主到以人为本的转变;在管理模式上,实现从“管”人到再造人的转换;在管理手段上,实现从资历管理到绩效管理的转变;在管理制度上,实现从档案管理到人事代理的转变。     

劳动人事仲裁立法若干问题探讨

鉴于目前劳动争议仲裁委员会与人事争议仲裁委员会对某些案件受理范围发生意见分歧以及同一案件既涉及劳动（人事）争议又涉及民事纠纷应由哪一部门受理等受理案件范围、交叉案件的受理、申请仲裁时效、举证责任、处理争议程序等劳动人事仲裁立法尚无规定或认识不一,应研究确定划分受理案件范围的标准、交叉案件受理的原则、举证责任倒置原则和完善处理程序,以维护职工的合法权益。     

规范的构成要件要素

由价值关系的概念或评价概念所表述的构成要件要素,是规范的构成要件要素。规范的构成要件要素分为法律的评价要素、经验法则的评价要素与社会的评价要素。规范的构成要件要素并不等同于不明确的构成要件要素,相反具有存在的合理根据与积极意义。法官应当以特定的违法性为导向理解规范的构成要件要素,并根据规范的构成要件要素的不同类型,采用相应的评价标准判断案件事实是否符合规范的构成要件要素。     

Never Pick a Fight with an Ugly Person,They’ve Got Nothing to Lose

In the 1970s, social psychologists conducted numerous studies analyzing physical appearance as a social variable. More recent studies in the social sciences appear to have abandoned this topic as unimportant; in any case, very few social scientific studies have been found that incorporate a measure of attractiveness into their analyses. The present study seeks to revive the emphasis on physical attractiveness as a social variable by testing the relationship between crime severity and physical attractiveness, i.e., by presenting evidence to suggest that physically unattractive men commit more serious offenses.

When Killers Become Victims: Diversionary War,Human Rights,and Strategic Target Selection

The diversionary theory largely focuses on the incentives leaders have to use force. However, little attention has been given to the characteristics that make for a good target. We argue that US presidents choose targets that repress human rights since they are the easiest to sell to international and domestic audiences. By targeting repressive states US presidents can justify their use of force by cloaking their motivation in the language of human rights, responding to calls for intervention, pointing to the failure of international actors and institutions to resolve these problems, and building upon emerging norms that allow for intervention in repressive states. Updating US Use of Force data, we empirically test and find support for our hypothesis that presidents target human rights abusers when they face trouble at home. This paper contributes to target selection process by offering a complete theory of diversionary conflict accounting for cost/benefit calculation of presidents. Moreover, we believe that our findings reveal human rights practices’ role in international conflict, as well.