浅谈公安民警射击技能训练的构思

维护社会治安,保障公共安全,预防控制犯罪,打击敌对势力和各种犯罪活动是公安队伍的基本职能。多年来,许多公安民警在打击和制止各种犯罪行为的斗争中流血牺牲,充分体现了他们对党和人民的忠诚和无私无畏的精神。同时,我们也应该认识到,有些伤亡原本是可以避免的。     

Learning to de-escalate: evaluating the behavioural impact of Verbal Judo training on police constables

ABSTRACT

This article presents findings from an assessment of the immediate behavioural impact of the ‘Verbal Judo’ de-escalation training program, delivered to officers in a Canadian police service in 2017, and represents the first evaluation of Verbal Judo. The evaluation utilized systematic observations of officers in videotaped simulations, comparing a baseline group of officers to officers trained in Verbal Judo. The study found that five of 15 coded behaviours were impacted at a statistically significant level in the hypothesized direction, and these tended to be simpler behaviours encouraged by the training (such as identifying oneself or providing a reason for contact), while more complex behaviours (such as empathizing with the subject) were not impacted. The evaluation also found that likelihood of utilizing de-escalation skills decreased as an officer’s years of experience increased. The paper closes by outlining the implications of these findings for de-escalation training, and elaborates the main limitations of the study.     

保障农民工培训政策实施效果的路径探析

保障农民工培训政策实施效果是贯彻国家相关政策精神,实现政策预期目标的根本途径。为有效保障和提升农民工培训政策的实施效果,要优化政策体系,确保农民工培训政策的适用性;加强政策宣传,促进各利益主体对农民工培训政策的认知与行为选择;创新激励机制,增强农民工培训政策实施的实效性;加强过程监督,保障农民工培训政策实施的时效性;完善政策评估体系,准确评估农民工培训政策的实施过程与效果。     

Evaluation of canine training aids containment for homemade explosive and components by headspace analysis and canine testing

While canines are most commonly trained to detect traditional explosives, such as nitroaromatics and smokeless powders, homemade explosives (HMEs), such as fuel–oxidizer mixtures, are arguably a greater threat. As such, it is imperative that canines are sufficiently trained in the detection of such HMEs. The training aid delivery device (TADD) is a primary containment device that has been used to house HMEs and HME components for canine detection training purposes. This research assesses the odor release from HME components, ammonium nitrate (AN), urea nitrate (UN), and potassium chlorate (PC), housed in TADDs. Canine odor recognition tests (ORTs) were used with analytical data to determine the detectability of TADDs containing AN, UN, or PC. Headspace analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) or online cryotrapping were used to measure ammonia or chlorine, as well as other unwanted odorants, emanating from bulk AN, UN, and PC in TADDs over 28 weeks. The analytical data showed variation in the amount of ammonia and chlorine over time, with ammonia from AN and UN decreasing slowly over time and the abundance of chlorine from PC TADDs dependent on the frequency of exposure to ambient air. Even with these variations in odor abundance, canines previously trained to detect bulk explosive HME components were able to detect all three targets in glass and plastic TADDs for at least 18 months after loading. Detection proficiency ranged from 64% to 100% and was not found to be dependent on either age of material.     

Characterization of an odor permeable membrane device for the storage of explosives and use as canine training aids

The storage and use of explosives is regulated at the state and federal level, with a particular focus on physical security and rigorous accounting of the explosive inventory. For those working with explosives for the training and testing of explosive-detecting canines, cross-contamination is an important concern. Hence, explosives intended for use with canine teams must be placed into secondary storage containers that are new, clean, and airtight. A variety of containers meet these requirements and include screw-top glass jars (e.g., mason jars). However, an additional need from the explosive-detecting canine community is secondary containers that can also be used as training aids whereby the volatiles emitted by explosives are emitted in a predictable and stable manner. Currently, a generally accepted method for the storage of explosives and controlled emission of explosive vapor for canine detection does not exist. Ideally, such containers should allow odor to escape from the training aid but block external contaminates such as particulates or other volatiles. One method in use places the explosive inside a permeable cotton bag when in use for training and then stores the cotton bag inside an impermeable nylon bag for long-term storage. This paper describes the testing of an odor permeable membrane device (OPMD) as a new way to store and deploy training aids. We measured the evaporation rate and flux of various liquid explosives and volatile compounds that have been identified in the headspace of actual explosives. OPMDs were used in addition to traditional storage containers to monitor the contamination and degradation of 14 explosives used as canine training aids. Explosives were stored individually using traditional storage bags or inside an OPMD at two locations, one of which actively used the training aids. Samples from each storage type at both locations were collected at 0, 3, 6, and 9 months and analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) with Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME). FTIR analyses showed no signs of degradation. GC–MS identified cross-contamination from ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN) and/or 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB) across almost all samples regardless of storage condition. The contamination was found to be higher among training aids that were stored in traditional ways and that were in active use by canine teams.     

谫论公安院校警务技战术教学训练的理念

公安院校警务技战术教学应将体能、技能、战术、心理、智能等训练融为一体,提高学生的战术水平、法律意识、控制技巧、心理素质和自我防护意识。这种教学训练理念也应在课程设置、教学训练改革、实训场地设计、学生管理等各个具体的环节中体现出来。     

大学生就业能力的多角度剖析及对策探讨——对重庆市1618名在校大学生的调查与分析

大学生就业问题是当前全社会关注的焦点和热点,解决这一问题的关键在于提升大学生的就业能力.文章分析了大学生就业能力所存在的问题,从大学生自身、高校、政府三个角度解析其原因,并提出时策建议.     

公安院校警察英语教学初探——英语国家警察培训对我院专业英语教学的影响与启示

公安院校的定位应是应用型和专业型的大学,在英语教学上对学员进行警察专业英语培训是其基本要求。本文从专业英语教学的角度探讨了警察英语教学的性质、现状与教材建设,并结合我院作为外警培训基地的有利条件,总结了外警培训的特点及其对我院警察英语教学的影响,提出结合实战、努力构建具有我院特色的警察英语教学的设想。     

坚持改革创新精神，探索干部培训规律——新加坡公务员培训的特点与启示

新加坡的经济奇迹,得益于其对公务员培训与管理。本文从新加坡公务员培训的特点和对我国干部教育培训工作的主要启示,思考更好的学习新加坡在公务员培训方面的成功经验与做法。     

高校人才培养模式改革背景下的学生管理创新

我国高校方兴未艾的人才培养模式改革对现阶段的学生管理提出了挑战。改进学生管理,构建与新的人才培养模式相适应的学生管理体系成为改革的要求。树立以人为本的管理理念,尊重学生主体地位,坚持育人为本的原则,是现阶段构建与新人才培养模式相适应的学生管理体系的基本原则和主要路径。