云南省警务实战教官建设存在问题及对策

我省警务实战教官建设存在的问题有,教官数量少,适应不了教育训练任务的需要;素质不高,承担不了高水平的教学训练任务;进修机会少,业务能力提高慢;欠缺合理的安排进修机制,收效欠佳;教官得不到重视,建设缺乏动力。对策是,转变观念,充分认识加强警务实战教官建设的重要意义;健全制度,用制度来推动警务实战教官队伍建设;加强交流,确保警务实战教官全面发展;加大培训,促进警务实战教官知识的不断更新;统筹安排,保证警务实战教官培训收到实效;完善考核机制,全面提高教官的综合素质。     

云南省禁毒警察工作环境与心理健康问题分析

禁毒警察是一支特殊的警察队伍,他们的职业具有高风险、高压力、高负荷、高诱惑的特点。他们在工作中所承受着高强度的心理压力,因此心理健康状况亟需关注。应对由职业带来的心理压力,需要公安机关警察队伍管理部门和民警个人共同作出努力,保障禁毒民警心理健康,才能为禁毒事业做出更大贡献。     

浅议应急警务中警察权的扩张

应急警务是公安机关处置各类突发性公共危机事件的特别警务活动,在应急警务中警察权的行使,与正常社会秩序下警察权的行使有所不同。由于突发性危机事件具有突发性、无序性、严重破坏性的特点,为使公安机关迅速有效地平息事端,防止其蔓延,必须赋予公安机关较之常态下更多更具强制力的警察权,使其在一定的原则下可以有条不紊地运用应急权力,采取应急措施,及时有效地应对突发危机事件,发挥更为积极的作用。     

新形势下公安院校教师职业发展问题研究——基于浙江警察学院的调查

在目前的政法院校招录培养体制改革中,随着学历教育向在职培训的重心偏移,加之学校列入公务员管理,公安院校师资队伍建设面临新的问题。调查发现,大多数教师虽对自身教师职业有正确的定位和积极的期许,但不少愿望和现实之间还存在较大差距,教师的职业倦怠感和职业压力较大,需要进一步协调好教学和科研的关系,保健和激励的关系。     

Police Officers on Drug Corners in Philadelphia,Drug Crime,and Violent Crime: Intended,Diffusion, and Displacement Impacts

On May 1, 2002, the Philadelphia Police Department launched Operation Safe Streets, stationing officers at 214 of the highest drug activity locations in the city 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Interrupted time series (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) models on weekly data isolated citywide and local program impacts on all violent crimes, murder, and reported drug crimes. Results showed no significant impacts on citywide weekly counts for drug crimes, homicides, or all violent crimes. Geographically focused analyses showed significant localized intervention impacts for both violent and drug crimes. Analyses of high‐drug‐activity non‐intervention sites suggest: the program impacts seen were not an artifact of history or local history; significant spatial diffusion of preventive benefits for violent crime; and probably significant spatial displacement for drug crime. Stationary targeted drug‐enforcement interventions like Operation Safe Streets may differentially affect the locational selection processes behind violent crime versus drug crime.     

Facultad libre de la autoridad para reinstalar a los miembros de las corporaciones policiales como resultado del juicio de ponderación

Due to the existing climate of violence, corruption and public insecurity, the Constitution was amended to stop police forces' members from being reinstated in their jobs despite having obtained a judicial decision proving their dismissal was unfounded. This amendment was adopted in order to Streamline the police forces but it ultimately affects other constitutional rights and principles such as police forces members' careers and their professionalism. Based on the use of a weighted assessment or a proportionality test, this article proposes an alternative application of the constitutional reform to satisfy the enforcement of the will of the constituent and to avoid unnecessary or disproportionate action against the police forces' above-mentioned fundamental rights.     

Electronic evidence: A proposal to reform the presumption of reliability and hearsay

There is a general concern amongst judges, lawyers and legal scholars that evidence in digital format is not to be trusted, given that it can be altered and manipulated with ease. Some jurists have called for a UN Convention on matters relating to the authentication and admissibility of electronic evidence. It is debatable whether such a Convention is necessary, but guidance of an international nature might be welcome, providing that any such guidance remains guidance, and does not ossify into legal requirements that fail to take into account the dynamic and constantly developing changes in information technology. In any event, the accuracy of the presumption in England & Wales that a computer is in order at the material time is highly debatable, and it is suggested that this presumption ought to be reformed.     

Third time lucky? Establishing diplomatic relations between Russia and South Africa

Diplomatic relations between Russia and South Africa were established in 1992, before South Africa's transition to democracy was completed. This move was perceived as a betrayal by many in both countries and beyond. For many decades the Soviet Union supported the African National Congress in its fight against the apartheid regime. South Africa's National Party government, in its turn, presented the USSR as the main force behind the ‘total onslaught’ – an all-out war purportedly waged against South Africa by international communism. Yet it was with the National Party government that the Russians established diplomatic relations. This article looks into the reasons for this change of heart in Moscow and Pretoria, discusses the political forces behind the decision to establish diplomatic relations, and analyses the process that led to this event and the results of establishing diplomatic relations the way it happened and at the time it happened for both countries.     

检察机关自行补充侦查制度研究

在退回补充侦查制度已经出现了实体功能有限、程序功能异化以及衍生检警矛盾等诸多流弊的情况下,学界仍然致力于进一步完善这一制度的理论构建,始终忽略了自行补充侦查所具有的理论与实践上的价值,原因在于我们对检察机关自行补充侦查的认识存在偏差。自行补充侦查并非旨在为公安机关的侦查提供"帮手",而是需要强调其"监督者"与"引导者"的角色。对于完善补充侦查制度来说,检察机关自行补充侦查具有关键意义,更重要的是,自行补充侦查制度亦为检察官客观义务的履行、审判中心主义的刑事司法制度改革以及当前检警关系的改善所必需。     

数字时代司法责任伦理之守正

在数字化浪潮下,司法活动呈现出"去责任化"的趋势,具体表现为责任感的缺失和责任推诿的加剧,因而亟待法学界对司法责任伦理予以革新。数字技术导致司法责任消解的机理是复杂和多元的,主要源于其兼具权威性与非权威性、确定性与不确定性、机械性与能动性等多重面孔。当前我国司法工作中的数字技术主要被应用于证据指引系统、风险评估工具、在线诉讼平台的开发等事项上,这些领域也是司法责任伦理冲突最为激烈的场域。数字时代应当坚守人本主义司法责任伦理,准确界定机器、技术人员、系统部署者与司法官的责任框架,在拥抱技术的同时树立科学的责任观,借助数字技术建立和完善符合时代特征的司法责任体系。